Maggavaggo

1. Pañcasatabhikkhuvatthu

Maggānaṭṭhaṅgiko ti imaṃ dhammadesanaṃ satthā jetavane viharanto pañcasate bhikkhū ārabbha kathesi.

Te kira satthari janapadacārikaṃ caritvā puna sāvatthiṃ āgate upaṭṭhānasālāya nisīditvā “asukagāmato asukagāmassa maggo samo, asukagāmassa maggo visamo, sasakkharo, asakkharo”tiādinā nayena attano vicaritamaggaṃ ārabbha maggakathaṃ kathesuṃ. Satthā tesaṃ arahattassūpanissayaṃ disvā taṃ ṭhānaṃ āgantvā paññattāsane nisinno “kāya nuttha, bhikkhave, etarahi kathāya sannisinnā”ti pucchitvā “imāya nāmā”ti vutte, “bhikkhave, ayaṃ bāhirakamaggo, bhikkhunā nāma ariyamagge kammaṃ kātuṃ vaṭṭati, evañhi karonto bhikkhu sabbadukkhā pamuccatī”ti vatvā imā gāthā abhāsi –

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“Maggānaṭṭhaṅgiko seṭṭho, saccānaṃ caturo padā;
Virāgo seṭṭho dhammānaṃ, dvipadānañca cakkhumā.

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“Es’eva maggo natthañño, dassanassa visuddhiyā;
Etañhi tumhe paṭipajjatha, mārassetaṃ pamohanaṃ.

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“Etañhi tumhe paṭipannā, dukkhassantaṃ karissatha;
Akkhāto vo mayā maggo, aññāya sallakantanaṃ.

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“Tumhehi kiccamātappaṃ, akkhātāro tathāgatā;
Paṭipannā pamokkhanti, jhāyino mārabandhanā”ti.

Tattha maggānaṭṭhaṅgiko ti jaṅghamaggādayo vā hontu dvāsaṭṭhi diṭṭhigatamaggā vā, tesaṃ sabbesampi maggānaṃ sammādiṭṭhiādīhi aṭṭhahi aṅgehi micchādiṭṭhiādīnaṃ aṭṭhannaṃ pahānaṃ karonto nirodhaṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā catūsupi saccesu dukkhaparijānanādikiccaṃ sādhayamāno aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo seṭṭho uttamo. Saccānaṃ caturo padā ti “saccaṃ bhaṇe na kujjheyyā”ti (dha. pa. 224) āgataṃ vacīsaccaṃ vā hotu, “sacco brāhmaṇo sacco khattiyo”tiādibhedaṃ sammutisaccaṃ vā “idameva saccaṃ moghamaññan”ti (dha. sa. 1144; ma. ni. 2.187-188) diṭṭhisaccaṃ vā “dukkhaṃ ariyasaccan”tiādibhedaṃ paramatthasaccaṃ vā hotu, sabbesampi imesaṃ saccānaṃ parijānitabbaṭṭhena sacchikātabbaṭṭhena pahātabbaṭṭhena bhāvetabbaṭṭhena ekapaṭivedhaṭṭhena ca tathapaṭivedhaṭṭhena ca dukkhaṃ ariyasaccantiādayo caturo padā seṭṭhā nāma. Virāgo seṭṭho dhammānan ti “yāvatā, bhikkhave, dhammā saṅkhatā vā asaṅkhatā vā, virāgo tesaṃ aggamakkhāyatī”ti (itivu. 90; a. ni. 4.34) vacanato sabbadhammānaṃ nibbānasaṅkhāto virāgo seṭṭho. Dvipadānañca cakkhumā ti sabbesaṃ devamanussādibhedānaṃ dvipadānaṃ pañcahi cakkhūhi cakkhumā tathāgatova seṭṭho. Ca-saddo sampiṇḍanattho, arūpadhamme sampiṇḍeti. Tasmā arūpadhammānampi tathāgato seṭṭho uttamo.

Dassanassa visuddhiyā ti maggaphaladassanassa visuddhatthaṃ yo mayā “seṭṭho”ti vutto, esova maggo, natthañño. Etañhi tumhe ti tasmā tumhe etameva paṭipajjatha. Mārassetaṃ pamohanan ti etaṃ māramohanaṃ māramanthananti vuccati. Dukkhassantan ti sakalassapi vaṭṭadukkhassa antaṃ paricchedaṃ karissathāti attho. Aññāya sallakantanan ti rāgasallādīnaṃ kantanaṃ nimmathanaṃ abbūhaṇaṃ etaṃ maggaṃ, mayā vinā anussavādīhi attapaccakkhato ñatvāva ayaṃ maggo akkhāto, idāni tumhehi kilesānaṃ ātāpanena “ātappan”ti saṅkhaṃ gataṃ tassa adhigamatthāya sammappadhānavīriyaṃ kiccaṃ karaṇīyaṃ. Kevalañhi akkhātārova tathāgatā. Tasmā tehi akkhātavasena ye paṭipannā dvīhi jhānehi jhāyino, te tebhūmakavaṭṭasaṅkhātā mārabandhanā pamokkhantīti attho.

Desanāvasāne te bhikkhū arahatte patiṭṭhahiṃsu, sampattānampi sātthikā dhammadesanā ahosī ti.

Pañcasatabhikkhuvatthu paṭhamaṃ.

2. Aniccalakkhaṇavatthu

Sabbe saṅkhārā aniccā ti imaṃ dhammadesanaṃ satthā jetavane viharanto pañcasate bhikkhū ārabbha kathesi.

Te kira satthu santike kammaṭṭhānaṃ gahetvā gantvā araññe vāyamantāpi arahattaṃ appatvā “visesetvā kammaṭṭhānaṃ uggaṇhissāmā”ti satthu santikaṃ āgamiṃsu. Satthā “kiṃ nu kho imesaṃ sappāyan”ti vīmaṃsanto “ime kassapabuddhakāle vīsati vassasahassāni aniccalakkhaṇe anuyuñjiṃsu, tasmā aniccalakkhaṇeneva tesaṃ ekaṃ gāthaṃ desetuṃ vaṭṭatī”ti cintetvā, “bhikkhave, kāmabhavādīsu sabbepi saṅkhārā hutvā abhāvaṭṭhena aniccā evā”ti vatvā imaṃ gāthamāha –

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“Sabbe saṅkhārā aniccāti, yadā paññāya passati;
Atha nibbindati dukkhe, esa maggo visuddhiyā”ti.

Tattha sabbe saṅkhārā ti kāmabhavādīsu uppannā khandhā tattha tattheva nirujjhanato aniccā ti yadā vipassanāpaññāya passati, atha imasmiṃ khandhapariharaṇadukkhe nibbindati, nibbindanto dukkhaparijānanādivasena saccāni paṭivijjhati. Esa maggo visuddhiyā ti visuddhatthāya vodānatthāya esa maggoti attho.

Desanāvasāne te bhikkhū arahatte patiṭṭhahiṃsu, sampattaparisānampi sātthikā dhammadesanā ahosī ti.

Aniccalakkhaṇavatthu dutiyaṃ.

3. Dukkhalakkhaṇavatthu

Dutiyagāthāyapi evarūpameva vatthu. Tadā hi bhagavā tesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ dukkhalakkhaṇe katābhiyogabhāvaṃ ñatvā, “bhikkhave, sabbepi khandhā paṭipīḷanaṭṭhena dukkhā evā”ti vatvā imaṃ gāthamāha –

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“Sabbe saṅkhārā dukkhāti, yadā paññāya passati;
Atha nibbindati dukkhe, esa maggo visuddhiyā”ti.

Tattha dukkhā ti paṭipīḷanaṭṭhena dukkhā. Sesaṃ purimasadisameva.

Dukkhalakkhaṇavatthu tatiyaṃ.

4. Anattalakkhaṇavatthu

Tatiyagāthāyapi eseva nayo. Kevalañhi ettha bhagavā tesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ pubbe anattalakkhaṇe anuyuttabhāvaṃ ñatvā, “bhikkhave, sabbepi khandhā avasavattanaṭṭhena anattā evā”ti vatvā imaṃ gāthamāha –

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“Sabbe dhammā anattāti, yadā paññāya passati;
Atha nibbindati dukkhe, esa maggo visuddhiyā”ti.

Tattha sabbe dhammā ti pañcakkhandhā eva adhippetā. Anattā ti “mā jīyantu mā mīyantū”ti vase vattetuṃ na sakkāti avasavattanaṭṭhena anattā attasuññā assāmikā anissarāti attho. Sesaṃ purimasadisamevāti.

Anattalakkhaṇavatthu catutthaṃ.

5. Padhānakammikatissattheravatthu

Uṭṭhānakālamhī ti imaṃ dhammadesanaṃ satthā jetavane viharanto padhānakammikatissattheraṃ ārabbha kathesi.

Sāvatthivāsino kira pañcasatā kulaputtā satthu santike pabbajitvā kammaṭṭhānaṃ gahetvā araññaṃ agamaṃsu. Tesu eko tattheva ohīyi. Avasesā araññe samaṇadhammaṃ karontā arahattaṃ patvā “paṭiladdhaguṇaṃ satthu ārocessāmā”ti puna sāvatthiṃ agamaṃsu. Te sāvatthito yojanamatte ekasmiṃ gāmake piṇḍāya carante disvā eko upāsako yāgubhattādīhi patimānetvā anumodanaṃ sutvā punadivasatthāyapi nimantesi. Te tadaheva sāvatthiṃ gantvā pattacīvaraṃ paṭisāmetvā sāyanhasamaye satthāraṃ upasaṅkamitvā vanditvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Satthā tehi saddhiṃ ativiya tuṭṭhiṃ pavedayamāno paṭisanthāraṃ akāsi.

Atha nesaṃ tattha ohīno sahāyakabhikkhu cintesi – “satthu imehi saddhiṃ paṭisanthāraṃ karontassa mukhaṃ nappahoti, mayhaṃ pana maggaphalābhāvena mayā saddhiṃ na katheti, ajjeva arahattaṃ patvā satthāraṃ upasaṅkamitvā mayā saddhiṃ kathāpessāmī”ti. Tepi bhikkhū, “bhante, mayaṃ āgamanamagge ekena upāsakena svātanāya nimantitā, tattha pātova gamissāmā”ti satthāraṃ apalokesuṃ. Atha nesaṃ sahāyako bhikkhu sabbarattiṃ caṅkamanto niddāvasena caṅkamakoṭiyaṃ ekasmiṃ pāsāṇaphalake pati, ūruṭṭhi bhijji. So mahāsaddena viravi. Tassa te sahāyakā bhikkhū saddaṃ sañjānitvā ito cito ca upadhāviṃsu. Tesaṃ dīpaṃ jāletvā tassa kattabbakiccaṃ karontānaṃyeva aruṇo uṭṭhahi, te taṃ gāmaṃ gantuṃ okāsaṃ na labhiṃsu. Atha ne satthā āha – “kiṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhācāragāmaṃ na gamitthā”ti. Te “āma, bhante”ti taṃ pavattiṃ ārocesuṃ. Satthā “na, bhikkhave, esa idāneva tumhākaṃ lābhantarāyaṃ karoti, pubbepi akāsiyevā”ti vatvā tehi yācito atītaṃ āharitvā –

“Yo pubbe karaṇīyāni, pacchā so kātumicchati;
Varuṇakaṭṭhabhañjova, sa pacchā manutappatī”ti. (jā. 1.1.71) –

Jātakaṃ vitthāresi. Tadā kira te bhikkhū pañcasatā māṇavakā ahesuṃ, kusītamāṇavako ayaṃ bhikkhu ahosi, ācariyo pana tathāgatova ahosī ti.

Satthā imaṃ dhammadesanaṃ āharitvā, “bhikkhave, yo hi uṭṭhānakāle uṭṭhānaṃ na karoti, saṃsannasaṅkappo hoti, kusīto so jhānādibhedaṃ visesaṃ nādhigacchatī”ti vatvā imaṃ gāthamāha –

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“Uṭṭhānakālamhi anuṭṭhahāno,
Yuvā balī ālasiyaṃ upeto;
Saṃsannasaṅkappamano kusīto,
Paññāya maggaṃ alaso na vindatī”ti.

Tattha anuṭṭhahāno ti anuṭṭhahanto avāyamanto. Yuvā balī ti paṭhamayobbane ṭhito balasampannopi hutvā alasabhāvena upeto hoti, bhutvā sayati. Saṃsannasaṅkappamano ti tīhi micchāvitakkehi suṭṭhu avasannasammāsaṅkappacitto. Kusīto ti nibbīriyo. Alaso ti mahāalaso paññāya daṭṭhabbaṃ ariyamaggaṃ apassanto na vindati, na paṭilabhatīti attho.

Desanāvasāne bahū sotāpattiphalādīni pāpuṇiṃsūti.

Padhānakammikatissattheravatthu pañcamaṃ.

6. Sūkarapetavatthu

Vācānurakkhī ti imaṃ dhammadesanaṃ satthā veḷuvane viharanto sūkarapetaṃ ārabbha kathesi.

Ekasmiñhi divase mahāmoggallānatthero lakkhaṇattherena saddhiṃ gijjhakūṭā orohanto ekasmiṃ padese sitaṃ pātvākāsi. “Ko nu kho, āvuso, hetu sitassa pātukammāyā”ti lakkhaṇattherena puṭṭho “akālo, āvuso, imassa pañhassa, satthu santike maṃ puccheyyāthā”ti vatvā lakkhaṇattherena saddhiṃyeva rājagahe piṇḍāya caritvā piṇḍapātapaṭikkanto veḷuvanaṃ gantvā satthāraṃ vanditvā nisīdi. Atha naṃ lakkhaṇatthero tamatthaṃ pucchi. So āha – “āvuso, ahaṃ ekaṃ petaṃ addasaṃ, tassa tigāvutappamāṇaṃ sarīraṃ, taṃ manussasarīrasadisaṃ. Sīsaṃ pana sūkarassa viya, tassa mukhe naṅguṭṭhaṃ jātaṃ, tato puḷavā paggharanti. Svāhaṃ ‘na me evarūpo satto diṭṭhapubbo’ti taṃ disvā sitaṃ pātvākāsin”ti. Satthā “cakkhubhūtā vata, bhikkhave, mama sāvakā viharantī”ti vatvā “ahampetaṃ sattaṃ bodhimaṇḍeyeva addasaṃ. ‘Ye pana me na saddaheyyuṃ, tesaṃ ahitāya assā’ti paresaṃ anukampāya na kathesiṃ. Idāni moggallānaṃ sakkhiṃ katvā kathemi. Saccaṃ, bhikkhave, moggallāno āhā”ti kathesi. Taṃ sutvā bhikkhū satthāraṃ pucchiṃsu – “kiṃ pana, bhante, tassa pubbakamman”ti. Satthā “tena hi, bhikkhave, suṇāthā”ti atītaṃ āharitvā tassa pubbakammaṃ kathesi.

Kassapabuddhakāle kira ekasmiṃ gāmakāvāse dve therā samaggavāsaṃ vasiṃsu. Tesu eko saṭṭhivasso, eko ekūnasaṭṭhivasso. Ekūnasaṭṭhivasso itarassa pattacīvaraṃ ādāya vicari, sāmaṇero viya sabbaṃ vattapaṭivattaṃ akāsi. Tesaṃ ekamātukucchiyaṃ vutthabhātūnaṃ viya samaggavāsaṃ vasantānaṃ vasanaṭṭhānaṃ eko dhammakathiko āgami. Tadā ca dhammassavanadivaso hoti. Therā naṃ saṅgaṇhitvā “dhammakathaṃ no kathehi sappurisā”ti āhaṃsu. So dhammakathaṃ kathesi. Therā “dhammakathiko no laddho”ti tuṭṭhacittā punadivase taṃ ādāya dhuragāmaṃ piṇḍāya pavisitvā tattha katabhattakiccā, “āvuso, hiyyo kathitaṭṭhānatova thokaṃ dhammaṃ kathehī”ti manussānaṃ dhammaṃ kathāpesuṃ. Manussā dhammakathaṃ sutvā punadivasatthāyapi nimantayiṃsu. Evaṃ samantā bhikkhācāragāmesu dve dve divase taṃ ādāya piṇḍāya cariṃsu.

Dhammakathiko cintesi – “ime dvepi atimudukā, mayā ubhopete palāpetvā imasmiṃ vihāre vasituṃ vaṭṭatī”ti. So sāyaṃ therūpaṭṭhānaṃ gantvā bhikkhūnaṃ uṭṭhāya gatakāle nivattitvā mahātheraṃ upasaṅkamitvā, “bhante, kiñci vattabbaṃ atthī”ti vatvā “kathehi, āvuso”ti vutte thokaṃ cintetvā, “bhante, kathā nāmesā mahāsāvajjā”ti vatvā akathetvāva pakkāmi. Anutherassāpi santikaṃ gantvā tatheva akāsi. So dutiyadivase tatheva katvā tatiyadivase tesaṃ ativiya kotuhale uppanne mahātheraṃ upasaṅkamitvā, “bhante, kiñci vattabbaṃ atthi, tumhākaṃ pana santike vattuṃ na visahāmī”ti vatvā therena “hotu, āvuso, kathehī”ti nippīḷito āha – “kiṃ pana, bhante, anuthero tumhehi saddhiṃ saṃbhogo”ti. Sappurisa, kiṃ nāmetaṃ kathesi, mayaṃ ekamātukucchiyaṃ vutthaputtā viya, amhesu ekena yaṃ laddhaṃ, itarenāpi laddhameva hoti. Mayā etassa ettakaṃ kālaṃ aguṇo nāma na diṭṭhapubboti? Evaṃ, bhanteti. Āmāvusoti. Bhante maṃ anuthero evamāha – “sappurisa, tvaṃ kulaputto, ayaṃ mahāthero lajjī pesaloti etena saddhiṃ saṃbhogaṃ karonto upaparikkhitvā kareyyāsī”ti evamesa maṃ āgatadivasato paṭṭhāya vadatīti.

Mahāthero taṃ sutvāva kuddhamānaso daṇḍābhihataṃ kulālabhājanaṃ viya bhijji. Itaropi uṭṭhāya anutherassa santikaṃ gantvā tatheva avoca, sopi tatheva bhijji. Tesu kiñcāpi ettakaṃ kālaṃ ekopi visuṃ piṇḍāya paviṭṭhapubbo nāma natthi, punadivase pana visuṃ piṇḍāya pavisitvā anuthero puretaraṃ āgantvā upaṭṭhānasālāya aṭṭhāsi, mahāthero pacchā agamāsi. Taṃ disvā anuthero cintesi – “kiṃ nu kho imassa pattacīvaraṃ paṭiggahetabbaṃ, udāhu no”ti. So “na idāni paṭiggahessāmī”ti cintetvāpi “hotu, na mayā evaṃ katapubbaṃ, mayā attano vattaṃ hāpetuṃ na vaṭṭatī”ti cittaṃ mudukaṃ katvā theraṃ upasaṅkamitvā, “bhante, pattacīvaraṃ dethā”ti āha. Itaro “gaccha, dubbinīta, na tvaṃ mama pattacīvaraṃ paṭiggahetuṃ yuttarūpo”ti accharaṃ paharitvā tenapi “āma, bhante, ahampi tumhākaṃ pattacīvaraṃ na paṭiggaṇhāmīti cintesin”ti vutte, “āvuso navaka, kiṃ tvaṃ cintesi, mama imasmiṃ vihāre koci saṅgo atthī”ti āha. Itaropi “tumhe pana, bhante, kiṃ evaṃ maññatha ‘mama imasmiṃ vihāre koci saṅgo atthī’ti, eso te vihāro”ti vatvā pattacīvaraṃ ādāya nikkhami. Itaropi nikkhami. Te ubhopi ekamaggenāpi agantvā eko pacchimadvārena maggaṃ gaṇhi, eko puratthimadvārena. Dhammakathiko, “bhante, mā evaṃ karotha, mā evaṃ karothā”ti vatvā “tiṭṭhāvuso”ti vutte nivatti. So punadivase dhuragāmaṃ paviṭṭho manussehi, “bhante, bhaddantā kuhin”ti vutte, “āvuso, mā pucchatha, tumhākaṃ kulupakā hiyyo kalahaṃ katvā nikkhamiṃsu, ahaṃ yācantopi nivattetuṃ nāsakkhin”ti āha. Tesu bālā tuṇhī ahesuṃ. Paṇḍitā pana “amhehi ettakaṃ kālaṃ bhaddantānaṃ kiñci khalitaṃ nāma na diṭṭhapubbaṃ, tesaṃ bhayaṃ imaṃ nissāya uppannaṃ bhavissatī”ti domanassappattā ahesuṃ.

Tepi therā gataṭṭhāne cittasukhaṃ nāma na labhiṃsu. Mahāthero cintesi – “aho navakassa bhikkhuno bhāriyaṃ kammaṃ kataṃ, muhuttaṃ diṭṭhaṃ nāma āgantukabhikkhuṃ āha – ‘mahātherena saddhiṃ saṃbhogaṃ mā akāsī’”ti. Itaropi cintesi – “aho mahātherassa bhāriyaṃ kammaṃ kataṃ, muhuttaṃ diṭṭhaṃ nāma āgantukabhikkhuṃ āha – ‘iminā saddhiṃ saṃbhogaṃ mā akāsī’”ti. Tesaṃ neva sajjhāyo na manasikāro ahosi. Te vassasataccayena pacchimadisāya ekaṃ vihāraṃ agamaṃsu. Tesaṃ ekameva senāsanaṃ pāpuṇi. Mahāthere pavisitvā mañcake nisinne itaropi pāvisi. Mahāthero taṃ disvāva sañjānitvā assūni sandhāretuṃ nāsakkhi. Itaropi mahātheraṃ sañjānitvā assupuṇṇehi nettehi “kathemi nu kho mā kathemī”ti cintetvā “na taṃ saddheyyarūpan”ti theraṃ vanditvā “ahaṃ, bhante, ettakaṃ kālaṃ tumhākaṃ pattacīvaraṃ gahetvā vicariṃ, api nu kho me kāyadvārādīsu tumhehi kiñci asāruppaṃ diṭṭhapubban”ti. “Na diṭṭhapubbaṃ, āvuso”ti. Atha kasmā dhammakathikaṃ avacuttha “mā etena saddhiṃ saṃbhogamakāsī”ti? “Nāhaṃ, āvuso, evaṃ kathemi, tayā kira mama antare evaṃ vuttan”ti. “Ahampi, bhante, na vadāmī”ti. Te tasmiṃ khaṇe “tena amhe bhinditukāmena evaṃ vuttaṃ bhavissatī”ti ñatvā aññamaññaṃ accayaṃ desayiṃsu. Te vassasataṃ cittassādaṃ alabhantā taṃ divasaṃ samaggā hutvā “āyāma, naṃ tato vihārā nikkaḍḍhissāmā”ti pakkamitvā anupubbena taṃ vihāraṃ agamaṃsu.

Dhammakathikopi there disvā pattacīvaraṃ paṭiggahetuṃ upagacchi. Therā “na tvaṃ imasmiṃ vihāre vasituṃ yuttarūpo”ti accharaṃ pahariṃsu. So saṇṭhātuṃ asakkonto tāvadeva nikkhamitvā palāyi. Atha naṃ vīsati vassasahassāni kato samaṇadhammo sandhāretuṃ nāsakkhi, tato cavitvā avīcimhi nibbatto ekaṃ buddhantaraṃ paccitvā idāni gijjhakūṭe vuttappakārena attabhāvena dukkhaṃ anubhotīti.

Satthā idaṃ tassa pubbakammaṃ āharitvā, “bhikkhave, bhikkhunā nāma kāyādīhi upasantarūpena bhavitabban”ti vatvā imaṃ gāthamāha –

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“Vācānurakkhī manasā susaṃvuto,
Kāyena ca nākusalaṃ kayirā;
Ete tayo kammapathe visodhaye,
Ārādhaye maggamisippaveditan”ti.

Tassattho – catunnaṃ vacīduccaritānaṃ vajjanena vācānurakkhī abhijjhādīnaṃ anuppādanena manasā ca suṭṭhu saṃvuto pāṇātipātādayo pajahanto kāyena ca akusalaṃ na kayirā. Evaṃ ete tayo kammapathe visodhaye. Evaṃ visodhento hi sīlakkhandhādīnaṃ esakehi buddhādīhi isīhi paveditaṃ aṭṭhaṅgikamaggaṃ ārādheyyāti.

Desanāvasāne bahū sotāpattiphalādīni pāpuṇiṃsūti.

Sūkarapetavatthu chaṭṭhaṃ.

7. Poṭṭhilattheravatthu

Yogā ve ti imaṃ dhammadesanaṃ satthā jetavane viharanto poṭṭhilaṃ nāma theraṃ ārabbha kathesi.

So kira sattannampi buddhānaṃ sāsane tepiṭako pañcannaṃ bhikkhusatānaṃ dhammaṃ vācesi. Satthā cintesi – “imassa bhikkhuno ‘attano dukkhanissaraṇaṃ karissāmī’ti cittampi natthi saṃvejessāmi nan”ti. Tato paṭṭhāya taṃ theraṃ attano upaṭṭhānaṃ āgatakāle “ehi, tucchapoṭṭhila, vanda, tucchapoṭṭhila, nisīda, tucchapoṭṭhila, yāhi, tucchapoṭṭhilā”ti vadati. Uṭṭhāya gatakālepi “tucchapoṭṭhilo gato”ti vadati. So cintesi – “ahaṃ sāṭṭhakathāni tīṇi piṭakāni dhāremi, pañcannaṃ bhikkhusatānaṃ aṭṭhārasa mahāgaṇe dhammaṃ vācemi, atha pana maṃ satthā abhikkhaṇaṃ, ‘tucchapoṭṭhilā’ti vadeti, addhā maṃ satthā jhānādīnaṃ abhāvena evaṃ vadetī”ti. So uppannasaṃvego “dāni araññaṃ pavisitvā samaṇadhammaṃ karissāmī”ti sayameva pattacīvaraṃ saṃvidahitvā paccūsakāle sabbapacchā dhammaṃ uggaṇhitvā nikkhamantena bhikkhunā saddhiṃ nikkhami. Pariveṇe nisīditvā sajjhāyantā naṃ “ācariyo”ti na sallakkhesuṃ. So vīsayojanasatamaggaṃ gantvā ekasmiṃ araññāvāse tiṃsa bhikkhū vasanti, te upasaṅkamitvā saṅghattheraṃ vanditvā, “bhante, avassayo me hothā”ti āha. Āvuso, tvaṃ dhammakathiko, amhehi nāma taṃ nissāya kiñci jānitabbaṃ bhaveyya, kasmā evaṃ vadesīti? Mā, bhante, evaṃ karotha, avassayo me hothāti. Te pana sabbe khīṇāsavāva. Atha naṃ mahāthero “imassa uggahaṃ nissāya māno atthiyevā”ti anutherassa santikaṃ pahiṇi. Sopi naṃ tathevāha. Iminā nīhārena sabbepi taṃ pesentā divāṭṭhāne nisīditvā sūcikammaṃ karontassa sabbanavakassa sattavassikasāmaṇerassa santikaṃ pahiṇiṃsu. Evamassa mānaṃ nīhariṃsu.

So nihatamāno sāmaṇerassa santike añjaliṃ paggahetvā “avassayo me hohi sappurisā”ti āha. Aho, ācariya, kiṃ nāmetaṃ kathetha, tumhe mahallakā bahussutā, tumhākaṃ santike mayā kiñci kāraṇaṃ jānitabbaṃ bhaveyyāti. Mā evaṃ kari, sappurisa, hohiyeva me avassayoti. Bhante, sacepi ovādakkhamā bhavissatha, bhavissāmi vo avassayoti. Homi, sappurisa, ahaṃ “aggiṃ pavisā”ti vutte aggiṃ pavisāmiyevāti. Atha naṃ so avidūre ekaṃ saraṃ dassetvā, “bhante, yathānivatthapārutova imaṃ saraṃ pavisathā”ti āha. So hissa mahagghānaṃ dupaṭṭacīvarānaṃ nivatthapārutabhāvaṃ ñatvāpi “ovādakkhamo nu kho”ti vīmaṃsanto evamāha. Theropi ekavacaneneva udakaṃ otari. Atha naṃ cīvarakaṇṇānaṃ temitakāle “etha, bhante”ti vatvā ekavacaneneva āgantvā ṭhitaṃ āha – “bhante, ekasmiṃ vammike cha chiddāni, tattha ekena chiddena godhā anto paviṭṭhā, taṃ gaṇhitukāmo itarāni pañca chiddāni thaketvā chaṭṭhaṃ bhinditvā paviṭṭhachiddeneva gaṇhāti, evaṃ tumhepi chadvārikesu ārammaṇesu sesāni pañcadvārāni pidhāya manodvāre kammaṃ paṭṭhapethā”ti. Bahussutassa bhikkhuno ettakeneva padīpujjalanaṃ viya ahosi. So “ettakameva hotu sappurisā”ti karajakāye ñāṇaṃ otāretvā samaṇadhammaṃ ārabhi.

Satthā vīsayojanasatamatthake nisinnova taṃ bhikkhuṃ oloketvā “yathevāyaṃ bhikkhu bhūripañño, evam evaṃ anena attānaṃ patiṭṭhāpetuṃ vaṭṭatī”ti cintetvā tena saddhiṃ kathento viya obhāsaṃ pharitvā imaṃ gāthamāha –

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“Yogā ve jāyatī bhūri, ayogā bhūrisaṅkhayo;
Etaṃ dvedhāpathaṃ ñatvā, bhavāya vibhavāya ca;
Tathāttānaṃ niveseyya, yathā bhūri pavaḍḍhatī”ti.

Tattha yogā ti aṭṭhatiṃsāya ārammaṇesu yoniso manasikārā. Bhūrī ti pathavīsamāya vitthatāya paññāyetaṃ nāmaṃ. Saṅkhayo ti vināso. Etaṃ dvedhāpathan ti etaṃ yogañca ayogañca. Bhavāya vibhavāya cā ti vuddhiyā ca avuddhiyā ca. Tathā ti yathā ayaṃ bhūrisaṅkhātā paññā pavaḍḍhati, evaṃ attānaṃ niveseyyāti attho.

Desanāvasāne poṭṭhilatthero arahatte patiṭṭhahīti.

Poṭṭhilattheravatthu sattamaṃ.

8. Pañcamahallakattheravatthu

Vanaṃ chindathā ti imaṃ dhammadesanaṃ satthā jetavane viharanto sambahule mahallake bhikkhū ārabbha kathesi.

Te kira gihikāle sāvatthiyaṃ kuṭumbikā mahaddhanā aññamaññasahāyakā ekato puññāni karontā satthu dhammadesanaṃ sutvā “mayaṃ mahallakā, kiṃ no gharāvāsenā”ti satthāraṃ pabbajjaṃ yācitvā pabbajiṃsu, mahallakabhāvena pana dhammaṃ pariyāpuṇituṃ asakkontā vihārapariyante paṇṇasālaṃ kāretvā ekatova vasiṃsu. Piṇḍāya carantāpi yebhuyyena puttadārasseva gehaṃ gantvā bhuñjiṃsu. Tesu ekassa purāṇadutiyikā madhurapācikā nāma, sā tesaṃ sabbesampi upakārikā ahosi. Kasmā sabbepi attanā laddhāhāraṃ gahetvā tassā eva gehe nisīditvā bhuñjanti? Sāpi nesaṃ yathāsannihitaṃ sūpabyañjanaṃ deti. Sā aññatarābādhena phuṭṭhā kālamakāsi. Atha te mahallakattherā sahāyakassa therassa paṇṇasālāya sannipatitvā aññamaññaṃ gīvāsu gahetvā “madhurapācikā upāsikā kālakatā”ti vilapantā rodiṃsu. Bhikkhūhi ca samantato upadhāvitvā “kiṃ idaṃ, āvuso”ti puṭṭhā, “bhante, sahāyakassa no purāṇadutiyikā kālakatā, sā amhākaṃ ativiya upakārikā. Idāni kuto tathārūpiṃ labhissāmāti iminā kāraṇena rodāmā”ti āhaṃsu.

Bhikkhū dhammasabhāyaṃ kathaṃ samuṭṭhāpesuṃ. Satthā āgantvā “kāya nuttha, bhikkhave, etarahi kathāya sannisinnā”ti pucchitvā “imāya nāmā”ti vutte “na, bhikkhave, idāneva, pubbepi te kākayoniyaṃ nibbattitvā samuddatīre caramānā samuddaūmiyā samuddaṃ pavesetvā māritāya kākiyā roditvā paridevitvā taṃ nīharissāmāti mukhatuṇḍakehi mahāsamuddaṃ ussiñcantā kilamiṃsū”ti atītaṃ āharitvā –

“Api nu hanukā santā, mukhañca parisussati;
Oramāma na pārema, pūrateva mahodadhī”ti. (jā. 1.1.146);

Imaṃ kākajātakaṃ vitthāretvā te bhikkhū āmantetvā, “bhikkhave, rāgadosamohavanaṃ nissāya tumhehi idaṃ dukkhaṃ pattaṃ, taṃ vanaṃ chindituṃ vaṭṭati, evaṃ niddukkhā bhavissathā”ti vatvā imā gāthā abhāsi –

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“Vanaṃ chindatha mā rukkhaṃ, vanato jāyate bhayaṃ;
Chetvā vanañca vanathañca, nibbanā hotha bhikkhavo.

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“Yāva hi vanatho na chijjati,
Aṇumattopi narassa nārisu;
Paṭibaddhamanova tāva so,
Vaccho khīrapakova mātarī”ti.

Tattha mā rukkhan ti satthārā hi “vanaṃ chindathā”ti vutte tesaṃ acirapabbajitānaṃ “satthā amhe vāsiādīni gahetvā vanaṃ chindāpetī”ti rukkhaṃ chinditukāmatā uppajji. Atha ne “mayā rāgādikilesavanaṃ sandhāyetaṃ vuttaṃ, na rukkhe”ti paṭisedhento “mā rukkhan”ti āha. Vanato ti yathā pākatikavanato sīhādibhayaṃ jāyati, evaṃ jātiādibhayampi kilesavanato jāyatīti attho. Vanañca vanathañcā ti ettha mahantā rukkhā vanaṃ nāma, khuddakā tasmiṃ vane ṭhitattā vanathā nāma. Pubbuppattikarukkhā vā vanaṃ nāma, aparāparuppattikā vanathā nāma. Evameva mahantamahantā bhavākaḍḍhanakā kilesā vanaṃ nāma, pavattiyaṃ vipākadāyakā vanathā nāma. Pubbappattikā vanaṃ nāma, aparāparuppattikā vanathā nāma. Taṃ ubhayaṃ catutthamaggañāṇena chinditabbaṃ. Tenāha – “chetvā vanañca vanathañca, nibbanā hotha bhikkhavo”ti. Nibbanā hothā ti nikkilesā hotha. Yāva hi vanatho ti yāva esa aṇumattopi kilesavanatho narassa nārīsu na chijjati, tāva so khīrapako vaccho mātari viya paṭibaddhamano laggacittova hotīti attho.

Desanāvasāne pañcapi te mahallakattherā sotāpattiphale patiṭṭhahiṃsu, sampattānampi sātthikā dhammadesanā ahosī ti.

Pañcamahallakattheravatthu aṭṭhamaṃ.

9. Suvaṇṇakārattheravatthu

Ucchindā ti imaṃ dhammadesanaṃ satthā jetavane viharanto sāriputtattherassa saddhivihārikaṃ ārabbha kathesi.

Eko kira suvaṇṇakāraputto abhirūpo sāriputtattherassa santike pabbaji. Thero “taruṇānaṃ rāgo ussanno hotī”ti cintetvā tassa rāgapaṭighātāya asubhakammaṭṭhānaṃ adāsi. Tassa pana taṃ asappāyaṃ. Tasmā araññaṃ pavisitvā temāsaṃ vāyamanto cittekaggamattampi alabhitvā puna therassa santikaṃ āgantvā therena “upaṭṭhitaṃ te, āvuso, kammaṭṭhānan”ti vutte taṃ pavattiṃ ārocesi. Ath’assa thero “kammaṭṭhānaṃ na sampajjatīti vosānaṃ āpajjituṃ na vaṭṭatī”ti vatvā puna tadeva kammaṭṭhānaṃ sādhukaṃ kathetvā adāsi. So dutiyavārepi kiñci visesaṃ nibbattetuṃ asakkonto āgantvā therassa ārocesi. Ath’assa theropi sakāraṇaṃ saupamaṃ katvā tadeva kammaṭṭhānaṃ ācikkhi. So punapi āgantvā kammaṭṭhānassa asampajjanabhāvaṃ kathesi. Thero cintesi – “kārako bhikkhu attani vijjamāne kāmacchandādayo vijjamānāti avijjamāne avijjamānāti pajānāti. Ayaṃ bhikkhu kārako, no akārako, paṭipanno, no appaṭipanno, ahaṃ panetassa ajjhāsayaṃ na jānāmi, buddhaveneyyo eso bhavissatī”ti taṃ ādāya sāyanhasamaye satthāraṃ upasaṅkamitvā “ayaṃ, bhante, mama saddhivihāriko, imassa mayā iminā kāraṇena idaṃ nāma kammaṭṭhānaṃ dinnan”ti sabbaṃ taṃ pavattiṃ ārocesi.

Atha naṃ satthā “āsayānusayañāṇaṃ nāmetaṃ pāramiyo pūretvā dasasahassilokadhātuṃ unnādetvā sabbaññutaṃ pattānaṃ buddhānaṃyeva visayo”ti vatvā “katarakulā nu kho esa pabbajito”ti āvajjento “suvaṇṇakārakulā”ti ñatvā atīte attabhāve olokento tassa suvaṇṇakārakuleyeva paṭipāṭiyā nibbattāni pañca attabhāvasatāni disvā “iminā daharena dīgharattaṃ suvaṇṇakārakammaṃ karontena kaṇikārapupphapadumapupphādīni karissāmīti rattasuvaṇṇameva samparivattitaṃ, tasmā imassa asubhapaṭikūlakammaṭṭhānaṃ na vaṭṭati, manāpamevassa kammaṭṭhānaṃ sappāyan”ti cintetvā, “sāriputta, tayā kammaṭṭhānaṃ datvā cattāro māse kilamitaṃ bhikkhuṃ ajja pacchābhatteyeva arahattaṃ pattaṃ passissasi, gaccha tvan”ti theraṃ uyyojetvā iddhiyā cakkamattaṃ suvaṇṇapadumaṃ māpetvā pattehi ceva nālehi ca udakabindūni muñcantaṃ viya katvā “bhikkhu imaṃ padumaṃ ādāya vihārapaccante vālukarāsimhi ṭhapetvā sammukhaṭṭhāne pallaṅkena nisīditvā ‘lohitakaṃ lohitakan’ti parikammaṃ karohī”ti adāsi. Tassa satthuhatthato padumaṃ gaṇhantasseva cittaṃ pasīdi. So vihārapaccantaṃ gantvā vālukaṃ ussāpetvā tattha padumanālaṃ pavesetvā sammukhe pallaṅkena nisinno “lohitakaṃ lohitakan”ti parikammaṃ ārabhi. Ath’assa taṅkhaṇaññeva nīvaraṇāni vikkhambhiṃsu, upacārajjhānaṃ uppajji. Tadanantaraṃ paṭhamajjhānaṃ nibbattetvā pañcahākārehi vasībhāvaṃ pāpetvā yathānisinnova dutiyajjhānādīnipi patvā vasībhūto catutthajjhānena jhānakīḷaṃ kīḷanto nisīdi.

Satthā tassa jhānānaṃ uppannabhāvaṃ ñatvā “sakkhissati nu kho esa attano dhammatāya uttari visesaṃ nibbattetun”ti olokento “na sakkhissatī”ti ñatvā “taṃ padumaṃ milāyatū”ti adhiṭṭhahi. Taṃ hatthehi madditapadumaṃ milāyantaṃ viya kāḷavaṇṇaṃ ahosi. So jhānā vuṭṭhāya taṃ oloketvā “kiṃ nu kho imaṃ padumaṃ jarāya pahaṭaṃ paññāyati, anupādiṇṇakepi evaṃ jarāya abhibhuyyamāne upādiṇṇake kathāva natthi. Idampi hi jarā abhibhavissatī”ti aniccalakkhaṇaṃ passi. Tasmiṃ pana diṭṭhe dukkhalakkhaṇañca anattalakkhaṇañca diṭṭhameva hoti. Tassa tayo bhavā ādittā viya kaṇḍe baddhakuṇapā viya ca khāyiṃsu. Tasmiṃ khaṇe tassa avidūre kumārakā ekaṃ saraṃ otaritvā kumudāni bhañjitvā thale rāsiṃ karonti. So jale ca thale ca kumudāni olokesi. Ath’assa jale kumudāni abhirūpāni udakapaggharantāni viya upaṭṭhahiṃsu, itarāni aggaggesu parimilātāni. So “anupādiṇṇakaṃ jarā evaṃ paharati, upādiṇṇakaṃ kiṃ pana na paharissatī”ti suṭṭhutaraṃ aniccalakkhaṇādīni addasa. Satthā “pākaṭībhūtaṃ idāni imassa bhikkhuno kammaṭṭhānan”ti ñatvā gandhakuṭiyaṃ nisinnakova obhāsaṃ muñci, so tassa mukhaṃ pahari. Ath’assa “kiṃ nu kho etan”ti olokentassa satthā āgantvā sammukhe ṭhito viya ahosi. So uṭṭhāya añjaliṃ paggaṇhi. Ath’assa satthā sappāyaṃ sallakkhetvā imaṃ gāthamāha –

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“Ucchinda sinehamattano, kumudaṃ sāradikaṃva pāṇinā;
Santimaggameva brūhaya, nibbānaṃ sugatena desitan”ti.

Tattha ucchindā ti arahattamaggena ucchinda. Sāradikan ti saradakāle nibbattaṃ. Santimaggan ti nibbānagāmiṃ aṭṭhaṅgikaṃ maggaṃ. Brūhayā ti vaḍḍhaya. Nibbānañhi sugatena desitaṃ, tasmā tassa maggaṃ bhāvehīti attho.

Desanāvasāne so bhikkhu arahatte patiṭṭhahi.

Suvaṇṇakārattheravatthu navamaṃ.

10. Mahādhanavāṇijavatthu

Idha vassan ti imaṃ dhammadesanaṃ satthā jetavane viharanto mahādhanavāṇijaṃ nāma ārabbha kathesi.

So kira bārāṇasito kusumbharattānaṃ vatthānaṃ pañca sakaṭasatāni pūretvā vaṇijjāya sāvatthiṃ āgato nadītīraṃ patvā “sve nadiṃ uttarissāmī”ti tattheva sakaṭāni mocetvā vasi. Rattiṃ mahāmegho uṭṭhahitvā vassi. Nadī sattāhaṃ udakassa pūrā aṭṭhāsi. Nāgarāpi sattāhaṃ nakkhattaṃ kīḷiṃsu. Kusumbharattehi vatthehi kiccaṃ na niṭṭhitaṃ. Vāṇijo cintesi – “ahaṃ dūraṃ āgato. Sace puna gamissāmi, papañco bhavissati. Idh’eva vassañca hemantañca gimhañca mama kammaṃ karonto vasitvā imāni vikkiṇissāmī”ti. Satthā nagare piṇḍāya caranto tassa cittaṃ ñatvā sitaṃ pātukaritvā ānandattherena sitakāraṇaṃ puṭṭho āha – “diṭṭho te, ānanda, mahādhanavāṇijo”ti? “Āma, bhante”ti. So attano jīvitantarāyaṃ ajānitvā imaṃ saṃvaccharaṃ idh’eva vasitvā bhaṇḍaṃ vikkiṇituṃ cittamakāsīti. “Kiṃ pana tassa, bhante, antarāyo bhavissatī”ti? Satthā “āmānanda, sattāhameva jīvitvā so maccumukhe patissatī”ti vatvā imā gāthā abhāsi –

“Ajjeva kiccamātappaṃ, ko jaññā maraṇaṃ suve;
Na hi no saṅgaraṃ tena, mahāsenena maccunā.

“Evaṃ vihāriṃ ātāpiṃ, ahorattamatanditaṃ;
Taṃ ve bhaddekarattoti, santo ācikkhate munī”ti. (ma. ni. 3.272);

Gacchāmissa, bhante, ārocessāmīti. Vissattho gacchānandāti. Thero sakaṭaṭṭhānaṃ gantvā bhikkhāya cari. Vāṇijo theraṃ āhārena patimānesi. Atha naṃ thero āha – “kittakaṃ kālaṃ idha vasissasī”ti? “Bhante, ahaṃ dūrato āgato”. Sace puna gamissāmi, papañco bhavissati, imaṃ saṃvaccharaṃ idha vasitvā bhaṇḍaṃ vikkiṇitvā gamissāmīti. Upāsaka, dujjāno jīvitantarāyo, appamādaṃ kātuṃ vaṭṭatīti. “Kiṃ pana, bhante, antarāyo bhavissatī”ti. “Āma, upāsaka, sattāhameva te jīvitaṃ pavattissatīti”. So saṃviggamānaso hutvā buddhappamukhaṃ bhikkhusaṅghaṃ nimantetvā sattāhaṃ mahādānaṃ datvā anumodanatthāya pattaṃ gaṇhi. Ath’assa satthā anumodanaṃ karonto, “upāsaka, paṇḍitena nāma ‘idh’eva vassādīni vasissāmi, idañcidañca kammaṃ payojessāmī’ti cintetuṃ na vaṭṭati, attano pana jīvitantarāyameva cintetuṃ vaṭṭatī”ti vatvā imaṃ gāthamāha –

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“Idha vassaṃ vasissāmi, idha hemantagimhisu;
Iti bālo vicinteti, antarāyaṃ na bujjhatī”ti.

Tattha idha vassan ti imasmiṃ ṭhāne idañcidañca karonto catumāsaṃ vassaṃ vasissāmi. Hemantagimhisū ti hemantagimhesupi “cattāro māse idañcidañca karonto idh’eva vasissāmī”ti evaṃ diṭṭhadhammikasamparāyikaṃ atthaṃ ajānanto bālo vicinteti. Antarāyan ti “asukasmiṃ nāma kāle vā dese vā vaye vā marissāmī”ti attano jīvitantarāyaṃ na bujjhatīti.

Desanāvasāne so vāṇijo sotāpattiphale patiṭṭhahi, sampattānampi sātthikā dhammadesanā ahosi. Vāṇijopi satthāraṃ anugantvā nivattitvā “sīsarogo viya me uppanno”ti sayane nipajji, tathānipannova kālaṃ katvā tusitavimāne nibbatti.

Mahādhanavāṇijavatthu dasamaṃ.

11. Kisāgotamīvatthu

Taṃ puttapasusammattan ti imaṃ dhammadesanaṃ satthā jetavane viharanto kisāgotamiṃ ārabbha kathesi. Vatthu sahassavagge –

“Yo ca vassasataṃ jīve, apassaṃ amataṃ padaṃ;
Ekāhaṃ jīvitaṃ seyyo, passato amataṃ padan”ti. (dha. pa. 114) –

Gāthāvaṇṇanāya vitthāretvā kathitaṃ. Tadā hi satthā “kisāgotami laddhā te ekaccharamattā siddhatthakā”ti āha. “Na laddhā, bhante, sakalagāme jīvantehi kira matakā eva bahutarā”ti. Atha naṃ satthā “tvaṃ ‘mameva putto mato’ti sallakkhesi, dhuvadhammo esa sabbasattānaṃ. Maccurājā hi sabbasatte aparipuṇṇajjhāsaye eva mahogho viya parikaḍḍhamāno apāyasamudde pakkhipatī”ti vatvā dhammaṃ desento imaṃ gāthamāha –

287

“Taṃ puttapasusammattaṃ, byāsattamanasaṃ naraṃ;
Suttaṃ gāmaṃ mahoghova, maccu ādāya gacchatī”ti.

Tattha taṃ puttapasusammattan ti taṃ rūpabalādisampanne putte ca pasū ca labhitvā “mama puttā abhirūpā balasampannā paṇḍitā sabbakiccasamatthā, mama goṇā abhirūpā arogā mahābhāravahā, mama gāvī bahukhīrā”ti evaṃ puttehi ca pasūhi ca sammattaṃ naraṃ. Byāsattamanasan ti hiraññasuvaṇṇādīsu vā pattacīvarādīsu vā kiñcideva labhitvā tato uttaritaraṃ patthanatāya āsattamānasaṃ vā, cakkhuviññeyyādīsu ārammaṇesu vuttappakāresu vā parikkhāresu yaṃ yaṃ laddhaṃ hoti, tattha tattheva lagganatāya byāsattamānasaṃ vā. Suttaṃ gāman ti niddaṃ upagataṃ sattanikāyaṃ. Mahoghovā ti yathā evarūpaṃ gāmaṃ gambhīravitthato mahanto mahānadīnaṃ ogho antamaso sunakhampi asesetvā sabbaṃ ādāya gacchati, evaṃ vuttappakāraṃ naraṃ maccu ādāya gacchatīti attho.

Desanāvasāne kisāgotamī sotāpattiphale patiṭṭhahi, sampattānampi sātthikā dhammadesanā ahosī ti.

Kisāgotamīvatthu ekādasamaṃ.

12. Paṭācārāvatthu

Na santi puttā ti imaṃ dhammadesanaṃ satthā jetavane viharanto paṭācāraṃ ārabbha kathesi. Vatthu sahassavagge –

“Yo ca vassasataṃ jīve, apassaṃ udayabbayaṃ;
Ekāhaṃ jīvitaṃ seyyo, passato udayabbayan”ti. (dha. pa. 113) –

Gāthāvaṇṇanāya vitthāretvā kathitaṃ. Tadā pana satthā paṭācāraṃ tanubhūtasokaṃ ñatvā “paṭācāre puttādayo nāma paralokaṃ gacchantassa tāṇaṃ vā leṇaṃ vā saraṇaṃ vā bhavituṃ na sakkonti, tasmā vijjamānāpi te na santiyeva. Paṇḍitena pana sīlaṃ visodhetvā attano nibbānagāmimaggameva sodhetuṃ vaṭṭatī”ti vatvā dhammaṃ desento imā gāthā abhāsi –

288

“Na santi puttā tāṇāya, na pitā nāpi bandhavā;
Antakenādhipannassa, natthi ñātīsu tāṇatā.

289

“Etamatthavasaṃ ñatvā, paṇḍito sīlasaṃvuto;
Nibbānagamanaṃ maggaṃ, khippameva visodhaye”ti.

Tattha tāṇāyā ti tāṇabhāvāya patiṭṭhānatthāya. Bandhavā ti putte ca mātāpitaro ca ṭhapetvā avasesā ñātisuhajjā. Antakenādhipannassā ti maraṇena abhibhūtassa. Pavattiyañhi puttādayo annapānādidānena ceva uppannakiccanittharaṇena ca tāṇā hutvāpi maraṇakāle kenaci upāyena maraṇaṃ paṭibāhituṃ asamatthatāya tāṇatthāya leṇatthāya na santi nāma. Teneva vuttaṃ – “natthi ñātīsu tāṇatā” ti. Etamatthavasan ti evaṃ tesaṃ aññamaññassa tāṇaṃ bhavituṃ asamatthabhāvasaṅkhātaṃ kāraṇaṃ jānitvā paṇḍito catupārisuddhisīlena saṃvuto rakkhitagopito hutvā nibbānagamanaṃ aṭṭhaṅgikaṃ maggaṃ sīghaṃ sīghaṃ visodheyyāti attho.

Desanāvasāne paṭācārā sotāpattiphale patiṭṭhahi, aññe ca bahū sotāpattiphalādīni pāpuṇiṃsūti.

Paṭācārāvatthu dvādasamaṃ.