分说篇注

CST4

Evaṃ uddiṭṭhe hārādayo niddisituṃ “tattha saṅkhepato” ti ādi āraddhaṃ.

Tattha tatthā ti tasmiṃ Uddesapāṭhe. Saṅkhepato Netti kittitā ti samāsato Nettippakaraṇaṃ kathitaṃ. Hāra-naya-mūlapadānañ hi sarūpadassanaṃ Uddesapāṭhena katan ti. Ettha ca hāra-nayānaṃ –

Sāmaññato visesena, padattho lakkhaṇaṃ kamo;
ettāvatā ca hetvādī, veditabbā hi viññunā.

Tesu avisesato visesato ca hāranayānaṃ attho dassito. Lakkhaṇādīsu pana avisesato sabbe pi hārā nayā ca yathākkamaṃ byañjanattha-mukhena navaṅgassa sāsanassa atthasaṃvaṇṇana-lakkhaṇā. Visesato pana tassa tassa hārassa nayassa ca lakkhaṇaṃ Niddese eva kathayissāma. Kamādīni ca yasmā nesaṃ lakkhaṇesu ñātesu viññeyyāni honti, tasmā tāni pi niddesato parato pakāsayissāma.

Hārasaṅkhepa

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Yā pana “assādādīnavatā” ti ādikā niddesagāthā, tāsu assādādīnavatā ti assādo ādīnavatā ti padavibhāgo. Ādīnavatā ti ca ādīnavo eva. Keci “assādādīnavato” ti paṭhanti, taṃ na sundaraṃ.

Tattha assādīyatī ti assādo, sukhaṃ somanassañ ca. Vuttañ h’etaṃ –

“Yaṃ, bhikkhave, pañcupādānakkhandhe paṭicca uppajjati sukhaṃ somanassaṃ, ayaṃ pañcasu upādānakkhandhesu assādo” ti. (ma. ni. 1.166; saṃ. ni. 3.26)

Yathā c’etaṃ sukhaṃ somanassaṃ, evaṃ iṭṭhārammaṇam pi. Vuttam pi c’etaṃ –

“So tad assādeti taṃ nikāmetī” ti

“Rūpaṃ assādeti abhinandati, taṃ ārabbha rāgo uppajjatī” ti (paṭṭhā. 1.1.424)

“Saṃyojanīyesu, bhikkhave, dhammesu assādānupassino” ti (saṃ. ni. 2.53)

ca. Assādeti etāyā ti vā assādo, taṇhā. Taṇhāya hi kāraṇabhūtāya puggalo sukham pi sukhārammaṇam pi assādeti. Yathā ca taṇhā, evaṃ vipallāsā pi. Vipallāsavasena hi sattā aniṭṭham pi ārammaṇaṃ iṭṭhākārena assādenti.

Evaṃ vedanāya, sabbesaṃ tebhūmaka-saṅkhārānaṃ, taṇhāya, vipallāsānañ ca assādavicāro veditabbo.

Kathaṃ pana dukkhādukkhamasukha-vedanānaṃ assādanīyatā ti? Vipallāsato sukha-pariyāya-sabbhāvato ca. Tathā hi vuttaṃ –

“Sukhā kho, āvuso Visākha, vedanā ṭhitisukhā vipariṇāmadukkhā. Dukkhā vedanā ṭhitidukkhā vipariṇāmasukhā, adukkhamasukhā vedanā ñāṇasukhā aññāṇadukkhā” ti. (ma. ni. 1.465)

Tattha vedanāya aṭṭhasata-pariyāya-vasena, tebhūmaka-saṅkhārānaṃ Nikkhepakaṇḍa-Rūpakaṇḍa-vasena, taṇhāya Saṃkilesavatthu-vibhaṅge Nikkhepakaṇḍe ca taṇhāniddesa-vasena, vipallāsānaṃ sukhasaññādi-vasena dvāsaṭṭhidiṭṭhigata-vasena ca vibhāgo veditabbo.

Ādīnavo dukkhā vedanā, tisso pi vā dukkhatā. Atha vā sabbe pi tebhūmakā saṅkhārā ādīnavo. Ādīnaṃ ativiya kapaṇaṃ vā ti pavattatī ti hi ādīnavo, kapaṇamanusso, evaṃsabhāvā ca tebhūmakā dhammā aniccatādi-yogena. Yato tattha ādīnavānupassanā āraddha-vipassakānaṃ yathābhūta-nayo ti vuccati. Tathā ca vuttaṃ –

“Yaṃ, bhikkhave, pañcupādānakkhandhā aniccā dukkhā vipariṇāmadhammā, ayaṃ pañcasu upādānakkhandhesu ādīnavo” ti.

Tasmā ādīnavo dukkhasacca-niddesa-bhūtānaṃ jātiyādīnaṃ aniccatādīnaṃ dvācattālīsāya ākārānañ ca vasena vibhajitvā niddisitabbo.

Nissarati etenā ti nissaraṇaṃ, ariyamaggo. Nissaratī ti vā nissaraṇaṃ, nibbānaṃ. Ubhayam pi sāmaññaniddesena ekasesena vā “nissaraṇan” ti vuttaṃ. Pi-saddo purimānaṃ pacchimānañ ca sampiṇḍanattho.

Tattha ariyamagga-pakkhe satipaṭṭhānādīnaṃ sattattiṃsa-bodhipakkhiya-dhammānaṃ kāyānupassanādīnañ ca tad-antogadha-bhedānaṃ vasena nissaraṇaṃ vibhajitvā niddisitabbaṃ.

Nibbāna-pakkhe pana kiñcāpi asaṅkhatāya dhātuyā nippariyāyena vibhāgo natthi. Pariyāyena pana sopādisesa-nirupādisesa-bhedena. Yato vā taṃ nissaṭaṃ, tesaṃ Paṭisambhidāmagge (paṭi. ma. 1.3) dassitappabhedānaṃ –

1. cakkhādīnaṃ channaṃ dvārānaṃ
2. rūpādīnaṃ channaṃ ārammaṇānaṃ
3. taṃtaṃ-dvāra-ppavattānaṃ channaṃ channaṃ viññāṇa-phassa-vedanā-saññā-cetanā-taṇhā-vitakka-vicārānaṃ
4. pathavīdhātuādīnaṃ channaṃ dhātūnaṃ
5. dasannaṃ kasiṇāyatanānaṃ
6. asubhānaṃ
7. kesādīnaṃ dvattiṃsāya ākārānaṃ
8. pañcannaṃ khandhānaṃ
9. dvādasannaṃ āyatanānaṃ
10. aṭṭhārasannaṃ dhātūnaṃ
11. lokiyānaṃ indriyānaṃ
12. kāmadhātu-ādīnaṃ tissannaṃ dhātūnaṃ
13. kāmabhavādīnaṃ tiṇṇaṃ tiṇṇaṃ bhavānaṃ
14. catunnaṃ jhānānaṃ
15. appamaññānaṃ
16. āruppānaṃ
17. dvādasannaṃ paṭiccasamuppādaṅgānañ cā ti

evamādīnaṃ saṅkhatadhammānaṃ nissaraṇabhāvena ca vibhajitvā niddisitabbaṃ.

Phalan ti desanāphalaṃ. Kiṃ pana tan ti? Yaṃ desanāya nipphādīyati. Nanu ca nibbānādhigamo Bhagavato desanāya nipphādīyati, nibbānañ ca “nissaraṇan” ti iminā vuttam evā ti? Saccam etaṃ, tañ ca kho paramparāya, idha pana paccakkhato desanāphalaṃ adhippetaṃ. Taṃ pana sutamayañāṇaṃ, attha-dhamma-vedādi-ariyamaggassa pubbabhāga-ppaṭipatti-bhūtā chabbisuddhiyo. Yañ ca tasmiṃ khaṇe maggaṃ anabhisambhuṇantassa kālantare tadadhigama-kāraṇa-bhūtaṃ sampatti-bhava-hetu ca siyā. Tathā hi vakkhati –

“Attānudiṭṭhiṃ ūhacca, evaṃ maccutaro siyā” ti idaṃ phalan ti,

“Dhammo have rakkhati dhammacārin” ti idaṃ phalan ti ca.

Etena nayena

1. devesu ca mānusesu ca āyu-vaṇṇa-bala-sukha-yasa-parivāra-ādhipateyya-sampattiyo
2. upadhi-sampattiyo
3. cakkavattisirī
4. devarajjasirī
5. cattāri sampatticakkāni
6. sīlasampadā
7. samādhisampadā
8. tisso vijjā
9. cha abhiññā
10. catasso paṭisambhidā
11. sāvakabodhi
12. paccekabodhi
13. sammāsambodhī ti

sabbā pi sampattiyo puñña-sambhāra-hetukā Bhagavato desanāya sādhetabbatāya phalan ti veditabbā.

Upāyo ti ariyamagga-padaṭṭhāna-bhūtā pubbabhāga-ppaṭipadā. Sā hi purimā purimā pacchimāya pacchimāya adhigamūpāya-bhāvato paramparāya magga-nibbānādhigamassa ca hetubhāvato upāyo, yā ca pubbe vutta-phalādhigamassa upāya-paṭipatti.

Keci pana “saha vipassanāya maggo upāyo” ti vadanti, tesaṃ matena nissaraṇan ti nibbānam eva vuttaṃ siyā, phalaṃ viya upāyo pi pubbabhāgo ti vuttaṃ siyā. Yaṃ pana vakkhati

“Sabbe dhammā…pe… visuddhiyā” ti ayaṃ upāyo ti

etthāpi pubbabhāga-ppaṭipadā eva udāhaṭā ti sakkā viññātuṃ. Yasmā pana

“Te pahāya tare oghan” ti idaṃ nissaraṇan ti

ariyamaggassa nissaraṇa-bhāvaṃ vakkhati. Ariyamaggo hi oghataraṇan ti.

Āṇattī ti āṇārahassa Bhagavato veneyyajanassa hitasiddhiyā “evaṃ paṭipajjāhī” ti vidhānaṃ. Tathā hi vakkhati

“Suññato lokaṃ avekkhassu, Mogharājā” ti āṇattī ti.

Yogīnan ti catusacca-kammaṭṭhāna-bhāvanāya yutta-ppayuttānaṃ veneyyānaṃ, atthāyā ti vacanaseso.

Desanāhāro ti etesaṃ yathāvuttānaṃ assādādīnaṃ vibhajana-lakkhaṇo saṃvaṇṇanā-viseso desanāhāro nāmā ti attho.

Etth’āha – kiṃ pan’etesaṃ assādādīnaṃ anavasesānaṃ vacanaṃ desanāhāro, udāhu ekaccānan ti? Niravasesānaṃ yeva. Yasmiñ hi sutte assādādīnava-nissaraṇāni sarūpato āgatāni, tattha vattabbam eva natthi. Yattha pana ekadesena āgatāni, na vā sarūpena, tattha anāgataṃ atthavasena niddhāretvā hāro yojetabbo. Ayañ ca attho Desanāhāravibhaṅge āgamissatī ti, idha na papañcito.

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Yaṃ pucchitan ti yā pucchā, viciyamānā ti vacanaseso. “Vissajjitaṃ anugītī” ti etthāpi es’eva nayo. Tattha vissajjitan ti vissajjanā, sā ekaṃsabyākaraṇādi-vasena catubbidhaṃ byākaraṇaṃ. Ca-saddo sampiṇḍanattho, tena gāthāyaṃ avuttaṃ padādiṃ saṅgaṇhāti.

Tā pana pucchā-vissajjanā kassā ti āha “suttassā” ti, etena sutte āgataṃ pucchā-vissajjanaṃ vicetabban ti dasseti. Yā ca anugīti ti vuttass’eva atthassa yā anu pacchā gīti anugīti, saṅgahagāthā, pucchāya vā anurūpā gīti, etena pubbāparaṃ gahitaṃ. Byākaraṇassa hi pucchānurūpatā idha pubbāparaṃ adhippetaṃ.

Yā “pucchānusandhī” ti vuccati, purimaṃ “suttassā” ti padaṃ pubbāpekkhanti puna “suttassā” ti vuttaṃ, tena suttassa nissayabhūte assādādike pariggaṇhāti. Ettāvatā vicayahārassa visayo niravasesena dassito hoti. Tathā ca vakkhati Vicayahāravibhaṅge “padaṃ vicinati…pe… anugītiṃ vicinatī” ti.

Tattha

1. sutte sabbesaṃ padānaṃ anupubbena atthaso byañjanaso ca vicayo padavicayo.
2. “Ayaṃ pucchā adiṭṭhajotanā diṭṭhasaṃsandanā vimaticchedanā anumatipucchā kathetukamyatāpucchā sattādhiṭṭhānā dhammādhiṭṭhānā ekādhiṭṭhānā anekādhiṭṭhānā sammutivisayā paramatthavisayā atītavisayā anāgatavisayā paccuppannavisayā” ti ādinā pucchāvicayo veditabbo.
3. “Idaṃ vissajjanaṃ ekaṃsabyākaraṇaṃ vibhajjabyākaraṇaṃ paṭipucchābyākaraṇaṃ ṭhapanaṃ sāvasesaṃ niravasesaṃ sa-uttaraṃ anuttaraṃ lokiyaṃ lokuttaran” ti ādinā vissajjanavicayo.
4. “Ayaṃ pucchā iminā sameti, etena na sametī” ti pucchitatthaṃ ānetvā vicayo pubbenāparaṃ saṃsanditvā ca vicayo pubbāparavicayo.
5. “Ayaṃ anugīti vuttattha-saṅgahā avuttattha-saṅgahā tadubhayattha-saṅgahā kusalattha-saṅgahā akusalattha-saṅgahā” ti ādinā anugītivicayo.
6. Assādādīsu
   • sukhavedanāya “iṭṭhārammaṇānubhavana-lakkhaṇā” ti ādinā,
   • taṇhāya “ārammaṇaggahaṇa-lakkhaṇā” ti ādinā,
   • vipallāsānaṃ “viparītaggahaṇa-lakkhaṇā” ti ādinā,
   • avasiṭṭhānaṃ tebhūmakadhammānaṃ “yathāsaka-lakkhaṇā” ti ādinā,
   • sabbesañ ca dvāvīsatiyā Tikesu dvācattālīsādhike ca Dukasate labbhamāna-pada-vasena taṃtaṃ-assādattha-visesa-niddhāraṇaṃ assādavicayo.
7. • Dukkhavedanāya “aniṭṭhānubhavana-lakkhaṇā” ti ādinā,
   • dukkhasaccānaṃ “paṭisandhi-lakkhaṇā” ti ādinā,
   • aniccatādīnaṃ ādi-anta-vantatāya aniccantikatāya ca “aniccā” ti ādinā,
   • sabbesañ ca lokiyadhammānaṃ saṃkilesabhāgiya-hānabhāgiyatādi-vasena ādīnava-vuttiyā okāra-niddhāraṇena ādīnavavicayo.
8. Nissaraṇapade
   • ariyamaggassa āgamanato kāyānupassanādi-pubbabhāga-ppaṭipadā-vibhāga-visesa-niddhāraṇa-vasena
   • nibbānassa yathāvutta-pariyāya-vibhāga-visesa-niddhāraṇa-vasenā ti evaṃ nissaraṇavicayo.
9. Phalādīnaṃ taṃtaṃ-suttadesanāya sādhetabba-phalassa tadupāyassa tattha tattha suttavidhivacanassa ca vibhāga-niddhāraṇa-vasena vicayo veditabbo.

Evaṃ pada-pucchā-vissajjana-pubbāparānugītīnaṃ assādādīnañ ca visesa-niddhāraṇa-vasen’eva vicayalakkhaṇo “vicayo hāro” ti veditabbo.

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Sabbesan ti soḷasannaṃ. Bhūmī ti byañjanaṃ sandhāy’āha. Byañjanañ hi mūlapadāni viya nayānaṃ hārānaṃ bhūmi pavattiṭṭhānaṃ, tesaṃ byañjana-vicāra-bhāvato. Vuttañ hi –

“Hārā byañjanavicayo” ti.

Peṭake pi hi vuttaṃ –

“Yattha ca sabbe hārā, sampatamānā nayanti suttatthaṃ,
byañjanavidhiputhuttā” ti.

Gocaro ti suttattho. Suttassa hi padatthuddhāraṇa-mukhena hārayojanā, tesaṃ byañjanatthānaṃ.

Yuttāyutta-parikkhā ti yuttassa ca ayuttassa ca upaparikkhā. “Yuttāyuttiparikkhā” ti pi pāṭho, yutti-ayuttīnaṃ vicāraṇā ti attho.

Kathaṃ pana tesaṃ yuttāyutta-jānanā? Catūhi mahāpadesehi avirujjhanena. Tattha byañjanassa tāva sabhāva-nirutti-bhāvo adhippetattha-vācaka-bhāvo ca yuttabhāvo. Atthassa pana sutta-vinaya-dhammatāhi avilomanaṃ. Ayam ettha saṅkhepo, vitthāro pana parato āvi bhavissati.

Hāro yuttī ti niddiṭṭho ti evaṃ sutte byañjanatthānaṃ yuttāyutta-bhāva-vibhāvana-lakkhaṇo yuttihāro ti veditabbo.

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Dhamman ti yaṃ kiñci suttāgataṃ kusalādi-dhammam āha. Tassa dhammassā ti tassa yathāvuttassa kusalādi-dhammassa. Yaṃ padaṭṭhānan ti yaṃ kāraṇaṃ, yonisomanasikārādi sutte āgataṃ vā anāgataṃ vā sambhavato niddhāretvā kathetabban ti adhippāyo.

Itī ti evaṃ, vuttanayenā ti attho. Yāva sabbadhammā ti yattakā tasmiṃ sutte āgatā dhammā, tesaṃ sabbesam pi yathānurūpaṃ padaṭṭhānaṃ niddhāretvā kathetabban ti adhippāyo.

Atha vā “yāva sabbadhammā” ti suttāgatassa dhammassa yaṃ padaṭṭhānaṃ, tassa pi “yaṃ padaṭṭhānan” ti sambhavato yāva sabbadhammā padaṭṭhāna-vicāraṇā kātabbā ti attho.

Eso hāro padaṭṭhāno ti evaṃ sutte āgatadhammānaṃ padaṭṭhānabhūtā dhammā tesañ ca padaṭṭhānabhūtā ti sambhavato padaṭṭhāna-bhūta-dhamma-niddhāraṇa-lakkhaṇo padaṭṭhāno nāma hāro ti attho.

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Vuttamhi ekadhamme ti kusalādīsu khandhādīsu vā yasmiṃ kismiñci ekadhamme, sutte sarūpato niddhāraṇa-vasena vā kathite. Ye dhammā ekalakkhaṇā kecī ti ye keci dhammā kusalādi-bhāvena rūpakkhandhādi-bhāvena vā tena dhammena samānalakkhaṇā.

Vuttā bhavanti sabbe ti te sabbe pi kusalādi-sabhāvā, khandhādi-sabhāvā vā dhammā sutte avuttā pi tāya samānalakkhaṇatāya vuttā bhavanti ānetvā saṃvaṇṇanā-vasenā ti adhippāyo.

Ettha ca “ekalakkhaṇā” ti samānalakkhaṇā vuttā. Tena sahacāritā samānakiccatā samānahetutā samānaphalatā samānārammaṇatā ti evamādīhi avuttānam pi vuttānaṃ viya niddhāraṇaṃ veditabbaṃ.

So hāro lakkhaṇo nāmā ti evaṃ sutte anāgate pi dhamme vuttappakārena āgate viya niddhāretvā yā saṃvaṇṇanā, so lakkhaṇo nāma hāro ti attho.

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Neruttan ti niruttaṃ, padanibbacanan ti attho. Adhippāyo ti buddhānaṃ sāvakānaṃ vā tassa suttassa desakānaṃ adhippāyo.

Byañjanan ti byañjanena, karaṇe hi etaṃ paccattaṃ. Kāmañ ca sabbe hārā byañjanavicayā, ayaṃ pana visesato byañjana-dvāren’eva attha-pariyesanā ti katvā “byañjanan” ti vuttaṃ. Tathā hi vakkhati –

“Byañjanena suttassa neruttañ ca adhippāyo ca nidānañ ca pubbāparānusandhi ca gavesitabbā” ti.

Athā ti padapūraṇamattaṃ. Desanānidānan ti nidadāti phalan ti nidānaṃ, kāraṇaṃ, yena kāraṇena desanā pavattā, taṃ desanāya pavattinimittan ti attho.

Pubbāparānusandhī ti pubbena ca aparena ca anusandhi. “Pubbāparena sandhī” ti pi pāṭho, suttassa pubbabhāgena aparabhāgaṃ saṃsanditvā kathanan ti attho. Saṅgītivasena vā pubbāparabhūtehi suttantarehi saṃvaṇṇiyamānassa suttassa saṃsandanaṃ pubbāparānusandhi. Yañ ca pubbapadena parapadassa sambandhanaṃ, ayam pi pubbāparānusandhi.

Eso hāro catubyūho ti evaṃ nibbacanādhippāyādīnaṃ catunnaṃ vibhāvana-lakkhaṇo catubyūho hāro nāmā ti attho.

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Ekamhi padaṭṭhāne ti ekasmiṃ ārambhadhātuādike parakkamadhātuādīnaṃ padaṭṭhānabhūte dhamme desanāruḷhe sati.

Pariyesati sesakaṃ padaṭṭhānan ti tassa visabhāgatāya aggahaṇena vā sesakaṃ pamādādīnaṃ āsannakāraṇattā padaṭṭhānabhūtaṃ kosajjādikaṃ dhammantaraṃ pariyesati paññāya gavesati.

Pariyesitvā ca saṃvaṇṇanāya yojento desanaṃ āvaṭṭati paṭipakkhe ti vīriyārambhādi-mukhena āraddhasuttaṃ vuttanayena pamādādivasena niddisanto desanaṃ paṭipakkhato āvaṭṭeti nāma.

Āvaṭṭo nāma so hāro ti desanāya gahitadhammānaṃ sabhāga-visabhāga-dhamma-vasena āvaṭṭana-lakkhaṇo āvaṭṭo hāro nāmā ti attho.

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Dhamman ti sabhāvadhammaṃ, taṃ kusalādivasena anekavidhaṃ. Padaṭṭhānan ti yasmiṃ patiṭṭhite uttari guṇavisese adhigacchati, taṃ visesādhigamana-kāraṇaṃ. Bhūmin ti puthujjanabhūmi dassanabhūmī ti evamādikaṃ bhūmiṃ. Vibhajjate ti vibhāgena katheti.

Sādhāraṇe ti dassana-pahātabbādi-nāma-vasena vā puthujjana-sotāpannādi-vatthu-vasena vā sādhāraṇe avisiṭṭhe samāne ti attho. Vuttavipariyāyena asādhāraṇā veditabbā. Neyyo vibhattī ti yathāvutta-dhammādīnaṃ vibhajano ayaṃ hāro vibhattī ti ñātabbo ti attho. Tasmā saṃkilesadhamme vodānadhamme ca sādhāraṇāsādhāraṇato padaṭṭhānato bhūmito ca vibhajana-lakkhaṇo “vibhattihāro” ti daṭṭhabbaṃ.

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Niddiṭṭhe ti kathite sutte āgate, saṃvaṇṇite vā. Bhāvite ti yathā uppannasadisā uppannā ti vuccanti, evaṃ bhāvitasadise bhāvetabbe ti attho. Pahīne ti etthāpi es’eva nayo.

Parivattati paṭipakkhe ti vuttānaṃ dhammānaṃ ye paṭipakkhā, tesaṃ vasena parivattetī ti attho. Evaṃ niddiṭṭhānaṃ dhammānaṃ paṭipakkhato parivattana-lakkhaṇo “parivattano hāro” ti veditabbo.

14

Vividhāni ekasmiṃ yeva atthe vacanāni vivacanāni, vivacanāni eva vevacanāni, pariyāyasaddā ti attho. Tāni vevacanāni. Bahūnī ti anekāni. Tu-saddo avadhāraṇe. Tena bahū eva pariyāyasaddā vevacana-hāra-yojanāyaṃ kathetabbā, na katipayā ti dasseti.

Sutte vuttānī ti navavidhasuttanta-saṅkhāte tepiṭake buddhavacane bhāsitāni. Etthāpi tu-saddassa attho ānetvā yojetabbo, tena pāḷiyaṃ āgatāni yeva vevacanāni gahetabbānī ti vuttaṃ hoti. Ekadhammassā ti ekassa padatthassa.

Yo jānāti suttavidū ti yathā “sappissa jānāhī” ti vutte “sappinā vicārehi, sappiṃ dehi, dethā” ti vā āṇāpetī ti attho, evaṃ yo suttakovido dhammakathiko ekassa atthassa bahū pi pariyāyasadde vicāreti vibhāveti yojetī ti attho.

Vevacano nāma so hāro ti tassa atthassa vuttappakāra-pariyāyasadda-yojanā-lakkhaṇo vevacanahāro nāma. Tasmā ekasmiṃ atthe anekapariyāyasadda-yojanā-lakkhaṇo “vevacanahāro” ti veditabbaṃ.

15

Dhamman ti khandhādi-dhammaṃ. Paññattīhī ti paññāpanehi pakārehi ñāpanehi, asaṅkarato vā ṭhapanehi. Vividhāhī ti nikkhepa-ppabhavādi-vasena anekavidhāhi.

So ākāro ti yo ekass’ev’atthassa nikkhepa-ppabhava-paññatti ādivasena anekāhi paññattīhi paññāpanākāro. Ñeyyo paññatti nāma hāro ti paññattihāro nāmā ti ñātabbo. Tasmā ekekassa dhammassa anekāhi paññattīhi paññāpetabbākāra-vibhāvana-lakkhaṇo “paññattihāro” ti veditabbaṃ.

16

Paṭiccuppādo ti paṭiccasamuppādo. Indriyakhandhā ti indriyāni ca khandhā ca. Dhātuāyatanā ti dhātuyo ca āyatanāni ca.

Etehī ti yo dvādasapadiko paccayākāro yāni ca dvāvīsatindriyāni ye ca pañcakkhandhā yā ca aṭṭhārasa dhātuyo yāni ca dvādasāyatanāni, etehi sutte āgatapadattha-mukhena niddhāriyamānehi. Otarati yo ti yo saṃvaṇṇanānayo ogāhati, paṭiccasamuppādādike anupavisatī ti attho.

Otaraṇo nāma so hāro ti yo yathāvutto saṃvaṇṇanāviseso, so otaraṇahāro nāma. Ca-saddena c’ettha suññata-mukhādīnaṃ gāthāyaṃ avuttānam pi saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. Evaṃ paṭiccasamuppādādi-mukhehi suttatthassa otaraṇa-lakkhaṇo otaraṇo hāro nāmā ti veditabbaṃ.

17

Vissajjitamhī ti buddhādīhi byākate. Pañhe ti ñātuṃ icchite atthe. Gāthāyan ti gāthāruḷhe. Idañ ca pucchantā yebhuyyena gāthābandhavasena pucchantī ti katvā vuttaṃ. Yam ārabbhā ti sā pana gāthā yaṃ atthaṃ ārabbha adhikicca pucchitā, tassa atthassa.

Suddhāsuddha-parikkhā ti padaṃ sodhitaṃ, ārambho na sodhito, padañ ca sodhitaṃ ārambho ca sodhito ti evaṃ padādīnaṃ sodhitāsodhita-bhāva-vicāro. Hāro so sodhano nāmā ti yathāvutta-vicāro sodhano hāro nāma. Evaṃ sutte pada-padattha-pañhārambhānaṃ sodhana-lakkhaṇo “sodhano hāro” ti veditabbaṃ.

18

Ekattatāyā ti ekassa bhāvo ekattaṃ, ekattam eva ekattatā, tāya ekattatāya. Eka-saddo c’ettha samāna-sadda-pariyāyo, tasmā sāmaññenā ti attho.

Visiṭṭhā mattā vimattā, vimattā va vemattaṃ, tassa bhāvo vemattatā, tāya vemattatāya, visesenā ti attho.

Te na vikappayitabbā ti ye dhammā “dukkhaṃ samudayo” ti ādinā sāmaññena, “jāti jarā kāmataṇhā bhavataṇhā” ti ādinā visesena ca sutte desitā, te “kim ettha sāmaññaṃ, ko vā viseso” ti evaṃ sāmañña-visesa-vikappana-vasena na vikappayitabbā. Kasmā? Sāmañña-visesa-kappanāya vohārabhāvena anavaṭṭhānato kāla-disā-visesādīnaṃ viya apekkhāsiddhito ca. Yathā hi “ajja hiyyo sve” ti vuccamānā kālavisesā anavaṭṭhitasabhāvā “purimā disā pacchimā disā” ti vuccamānā disāvisesā ca, evaṃ sāmaññavisesāpi. Tathā hi “idaṃ dukkhan” ti vuccamānaṃ jāti ādi-apekkhāya sāmaññam pi samānaṃ saccāpekkhāya viseso hoti. Esa nayo samudayādīsu pi.

Eso hāro adhiṭṭhāno ti evaṃ suttāgatānaṃ dhammānaṃ avikappanavasena sāmañña-visesa-niddhāraṇa-lakkhaṇo adhiṭṭhāno hāro nāmā ti attho.

19

Ye dhammā ti ye avijjādikā paccaya-dhammā. Yaṃ dhamman ti yaṃ saṅkhārādikaṃ paccayuppanna-dhammaṃ. Janayantī ti nibbattenti. Paccayā ti sahajāta-paccaya-bhāvena. Paramparato ti parampara-paccaya-bhāvena, anurūpa-santāna-ghaṭana-vasena paccayo hutvā ti attho. Upanissayakoṭi hi idhādhippetā. Purimasmiṃ avasiṭṭho paccayabhāvo.

Hetum avakaḍḍhayitvā ti taṃ yathāvutta-paccaya-saṅkhātaṃ janakādi-bheda-bhinnaṃ hetuṃ ākaḍḍhitvā suttato niddhāretvā yo saṃvaṇṇanā-saṅkhāto.

Eso hāro parikkhāro ti evaṃ sutte āgatadhammānaṃ parikkhāra-saṅkhāte hetupaccaye niddhāretvā saṃvaṇṇana-lakkhaṇo parikkhāro hāro ti attho.

20

Ye dhammā ti ye sīlādi-dhammā. Yaṃ mūlā ti yesaṃ samādhi-ādīnaṃ mūlabhūtā, te tesaṃ samādhi-ādīnaṃ padaṭṭhānabhāvena samāropayitabbā ti sambandho.

Ye c’ekatthā pakāsitā muninā ti ye ca rāga-virāgā-cetovimutti-sekkha-phala-kāmadhātu-samatikkamanādi-saddā anāgāmiphalatthatāya ekatthā buddhamuninā paridīpitā, te aññamañña-vevacana-bhāvena samāropayitabbā ti sambandho. Samāropanañ c’ettha sutte yathārutavasena niddhāraṇa-vasena vā gayhamānassa sikkhattaya-saṅkhātassa sīlādi-kkhandhattayassa pariyāyantara-vibhāvana-mukhena bhāvanā-pāripūri-kathanaṃ, bhāvanā-pāripūrī ca pahātabbassa pahānenā ti pahāna-samāropanā pi atthato dassitā eva hoti.

Esa samāropano hāro ti esa sutte āgatadhammānaṃ padaṭṭhāna-vevacana-bhāvanā-pahāna-samāropana-vicāraṇa-lakkhaṇo samāropano nāma hāro ti attho.

Nayasaṅkhepa

21

Evaṃ gāthābandhavasena soḷasapi hāre niddisitvā idāni naye niddisituṃ “taṇhañcā” ti ādi vuttaṃ. Tattha taṇhañca avijjampi cā ti sutte āgataṃ atthato niddhāraṇa-vasena vā gahitaṃ taṇhaṃ avijjañca yo netīti sambandho. Yo saṃvaṇṇanāviseso taṃ neti saṃkilesapakkhaṃ pāpeti saṃkilesavasena suttatthaṃ yojetīti adhippāyo. Samathenā ti samādhinā. Vipassanāyā ti paññāya, yo neti vodānapakkhaṃ pāpeti, tathā suttatthaṃ yojetīti adhippāyo. Saccehi yojayitvā ti nayanto ca taṇhā ca avijjā ca bhavamūlakattā samudayasaccaṃ, avasesā tebhūmakadhammā dukkhasaccaṃ, samathavipassanā maggasaccaṃ, tena pattabbā asaṅkhatadhātu nirodhasaccanti evaṃ imehi catūhi saccehi yojetvā. Ayaṃ nayo nandiyāvaṭṭo ti yo taṇhāvijjāhi saṃkilesapakkhassa suttatthassa samathavipassanāhi vodānapakkhassa catusaccayojanamukhena nayanalakkhaṇo saṃvaṇṇanāviseso, ayaṃ nandiyāvaṭṭo nayo nāmā ti attho. Ettha ca nayassa bhūmi gāthāyaṃ “nayo” ti vuttā, tasmā saṃvaṇṇanāvisesoti vuttaṃ. Na hi atthanayo saṃvaṇṇanā, catusaccapaṭivedhassa anurūpo pubbabhāge anugāhaṇanayo atthanayo. Tassa pana yā ugghaṭitaññuādīnaṃ vasena taṇhādimukhena nayabhūmiracanā, tattha nayavohāro.

22

Akusale ti dvādasacittuppādasaṅgahite sabbe pi akusale dhamme. Samūlehī ti attano mūlehi, lobhadosamohehīti attho. Kusale ti sabbe pi catubhūmake kusale dhamme. Kusalamūlehī ti kusalehi alobhādimūlehi yo neti. Nayanto ca kusalākusalaṃ māyāmarīciādayo viya abhūtaṃ na hotīti bhūtaṃ. Paṭaghaṭādayo viya na sammutisaccamattanti tathaṃ. Akusalassa iṭṭhavipākatābhāvato kusalassa ca aniṭṭhavipākatābhāvato vipāke sati avisaṃvādakattā avitathaṃ neti. Evametesaṃ tiṇṇampi padānaṃ kusalākusalavisesanatā daṭṭhabbā. Atha vā akusalamūlehi akusalāni kusalamūlehi ca kusalāni nayanto ayaṃ nayo bhūtaṃ tathaṃ avitathaṃ neti, cattāri saccāni niddhāretvā yojetīti attho. Dukkhādīni hi bādhakādibhāvato aññathābhāvābhāvena bhūtāni, saccasabhāvattā tathāni, avisaṃvādanato avitathāni. Vuttañ h’etaṃ Bhagavatā “cattārimāni, bhikkhave, tathāni avitathāni anaññathānī” ti (saṃ. ni. 5.1090). Tipukkhalaṃ taṃ nayaṃ āhū ti yo akusalamūlehi saṃkilesapakkhassa kusalamūlehi vodānapakkhassa suttatthassa catusaccayojanamukhena nayanalakkhaṇo saṃvaṇṇanāviseso, taṃ tipukkhalaṃ nayanti vadantīti attho.

23

Vipallāsehī ti asubhe subhanti ādinayappavattehi catūhi vipallāsehi. Kilese ti kilissanti vibādhiyantīti kilesā, saṃkiliṭṭhadhammā, saṃkilesapakkhanti attho. Keci “saṃkilese” ti pi paṭhanti, kilesasahiteti attho. Indriyehī ti saddhādīhi indriyehi. Saddhamme ti paṭipattipaṭivedhasaddhamme, vodānapakkhanti attho. Etaṃ nayan ti yo subhasaññādīhi vipallāsehi sakalassa saṃkilesapakkhassa saddhindriyādīhi vodānapakkhassa catusaccayojanavasena nayanalakkhaṇo saṃvaṇṇanāviseso, etaṃ nayaṃ nayavidū saddhammanayakovidā, atthanayakusalā eva vā sīhavikkīḷitaṃ nayanti vadantīti attho.

24

Veyyākaraṇesū ti tassa tassa atthanayassa yojanatthaṃ katesu suttassa atthavissajjanesūti attho. Ten’ev’āha “tahiṃ tahin” ti. Kusalākusalā ti vodāniyā saṃkilesikā ca tassa tassa nayassa disābhūtadhammā. Vuttā ti suttato niddhāretvā kathitā. Manasā volokayate ti te yathāvuttadhamme citteneva “ayaṃ paṭhamā disā ayaṃ dutiyā disā” ti ādinā tassa tassa nayassa disābhāvena upaparikkhati, vicāretīti attho. “Olokayate te abahī” ti pi pāṭho. Tattha te ti te yathāvuttadhamme. Abahī ti abbhantaraṃ, citte evāti attho. Taṃ khu disālocanaṃ āhū ti olokayateti ettha yadetaṃ olokanaṃ, taṃ disālocanaṃ nāma nayaṃ vadanti. Khu-ti ca nipāto avadhāraṇe. Tena olokanameva ayaṃ nayo, na koci atthavisesoti dasseti.

25

Oloketvā ti paṭhamādidisābhāvena upaparikkhitvā. Disālocanenā ti disālocananayena karaṇabhūtena. Yena hi vidhinā tassa tassa atthanayassa yojanāya disā olokīyanti, so vidhi disālocananti evaṃ vā ettha attho daṭṭhabbo. Ukkhipiyā ti uddharitvā, disābhūtadhamme suttato niddhāretvāti attho. “Ukkhipiya yo samānetī” ti pi paṭhanti, tassattho – “yo tesaṃ disābhūtadhammānaṃ samānayanaṃ karotī” ti. Yan ti vā kiriyāparāmasanaṃ. Samānetī ti samaṃ, sammā vā āneti tassa tassa nayassa yojanāvasena. Ke pana āneti? Sabbe kusalākusale taṃtaṃnayadisābhūte. Ayaṃ nayo ti samānetīti ettha yadetaṃ taṃtaṃnayadisābhūtadhammānaṃ samānayanaṃ, ayaṃ aṅkuso nāma nayoti attho. Etañca dvayaṃ “vohāranayo, kammanayo” ti ca vuccati.

26

Evaṃ hāre naye ca niddisitvā idāni nesaṃ yojanakkamaṃ dassento “soḷasa hārā paṭhaman” ti ādimāha. Tattha paṭhamaṃ soḷasa hārā “yojetabbā” ti vacanaseso. Hārasaṃvaṇṇanā paṭhamaṃ kātabbā byañjanapariyeṭṭhibhāvatoti adhippāyo. Disalocanato ti disālocanena, ayameva vā pāṭho. Aṅkusena hī ti hi-saddo nipātamattaṃ. Sesaṃ uttānameva.

Dvādasapada

27

Idāni yesaṃ byañjanapadānaṃ atthapadānañca vasena dvādasa padāni suttanti vuttaṃ, tāni padāni niddisituṃ “akkharaṃ padan” ti ādimāha. Tattha apariyosite pade vaṇṇo akkharaṃ pariyāyavasena akkharaṇato asañcaraṇato. Na hi vaṇṇassa pariyāyo vijjati, atha vaṇṇoti ken’aṭṭhena vaṇṇo? Atthasaṃvaṇṇanaṭṭhena. Vaṇṇo eva hi ittarakhaṇatāya aparāparabhāvena pavatto padādibhāvena gayhamāno yathāsambandhaṃ taṃ taṃ atthaṃ vadati. Ekakkharaṃ vā padaṃ akkharaṃ, keci pana “manasā desanāvācāya akkharaṇato akkharan” ti vadanti.

Padan ti pajjati attho etenāti padaṃ, taṃ nāmapadaṃ ākhyātapadaṃ upasaggapadaṃ nipātapadanti catubbidhaṃ. Tattha “phasso vedanā cittan” ti evamādikaṃ satvappadhānaṃ nāmapadaṃ. “Phusati vedayati vijānātī” ti evamādikaṃ kiriyāpadhānaṃ ākhyātapadaṃ. Kiriyāvisesaggahaṇanimittaṃ “pa” iti evamādikaṃ upasaggapadaṃ. Kiriyāya satvassa ca sarūpavisesappakāsanahetubhūtaṃ “evan” ti evamādikaṃ nipātapadaṃ.

Byañjanan ti saṅkhepato vuttaṃ padābhihitaṃ atthaṃ byañjayatīti byañjanaṃ, vākyaṃ. Taṃ pana atthato padasamudāyoti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Padamattasavanepi hi adhikārādivasena labbhamānehi padantarehi anusandhānaṃ katvāva atthasampaṭipatti hotīti vākyameva atthaṃ byañjayati. Niruttī ti ākārābhihitaṃ nibbacanaṃ nirutti.

Niddeso ti nibbacanavitthāro niravasesadesanattā niddeso. Padehi vākyassa vibhāgo ākāro. Yadi evaṃ padato ākārassa ko visesoti? Apariyosite vākye avibhajjamāne vā tadavayavo padaṃ. Uccāraṇavasena pariyosite vākye vibhajjamāne vā tadavayavo ākāroti ayametesaṃ viseso. Chaṭṭhaṃ vacanaṃ chaṭṭhavacanaṃ. Ākāro chaṭṭhavacanaṃ etassāti ākārachaṭṭhavacanaṃ, byañjanapadaṃ. Ettha ca byañjananti imassa padassa anantaraṃ vattabbaṃ ākārapadaṃ niddesapadānantaraṃ vadantena “ākārachaṭṭhavacanan” ti vuttaṃ, padānupubbikaṃ pana icchantehi taṃ byañjanapadānantarameva kātabbaṃ. Tathā hi vakkhati “aparimāṇā byañjanā aparimāṇā ākārāti, byañjanehi vivarati ākārehi vibhajatī” ti ca. Keci pana “ākārapadabyañjananiruttiyo ca niddeso” ti paṭhanti. Ettāva byañjanaṃ sabban ti yānimāni akkharādīni niddiṭṭhāni, ettakameva sabbaṃ byañjanaṃ, etehi asaṅgahitaṃ byañjanaṃ nāma natthīti attho.

28

Saṅkāsanā ti saṃkhittena kāsanā. Pakāsanā ti paṭhamaṃ kāsanā, kāsīyati dīpīyatīti attho. Iminā hi atthapadadvayena akkharapadehi vibhāviyamāno atthākāro gahito. Yasmā akkharehi suyyamānehi suṇantānaṃ visesavidhānassa katattā padapariyosāne padatthasampaṭipatti hoti. Tathā hi vakkhati “tattha bhagavā akkharehi saṅkāseti padehi pakāsetīti, akkharehi padehi ca ugghāṭetī” ti ca.

Vivaraṇā ti vitthāraṇā. Vibhajanā ca uttānīkammañca paññatti ca vibhajanuttānīkammapaññatti. Tattha vibhajanā ti vibhāgakaraṇaṃ, ubhayenāpi niddisanamāha. Idha purimanayeneva byañjanākārehi niddisiyamāno atthākāro dassitoti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Uttānīkammaṃ pākaṭakaraṇaṃ. Pakārehi ñāpanaṃ paññatti. Dvayenāpi paṭiniddisanaṃ katheti. Etthāpi niruttiniddesasaṅkhātehi byañjanapadehi niddisiyamāno atthākāro vutto, yo paṭiniddisīyatīti vuccati. Etehī ti etehi eva saṅkāsanādivinimuttassa desanātthassa abhāvato. Attho ti suttattho. Kamman ti ugghaṭanādikammaṃ. Suttatthena hi desanāya pavattiyamānena ugghaṭitaññuādiveneyyānaṃ cittasantānassa pabodhanakiriyānibbatti. So ca suttattho saṅkāsanādiākāroti. Tena vuttaṃ – “attho kammañca niddiṭṭhan” ti.

29

Tīṇī ti liṅgavipallāsena vuttaṃ, tayoti vuttaṃ hoti. Navahi padehī ti navahi koṭṭhāsehi. Attho samāyutto ti attho sammā yutto na vinā vattati. Sabbassa hi buddhavacanassa catusaccappakāsanato atthanayānañca catusaccayojanavasena pavattanato sabbo pāḷiattho atthanayattayasaṅgahito saṅkāsanādiākāravisesavutti cā ti.

30

Idāni yathāniddiṭṭhe desanāhārādike Nettippakaraṇassa padatthe sukhaggahaṇatthaṃ gaṇanavasena paricchinditvā dassento “atthassā” ti ādimāha. Tattha catubbīsā ti soḷasa hārā cha byañjanapadāni dve kammanayāti evaṃ catubbīsa. Ubhayan ti cha atthapadāni tayo atthanayāti idaṃ navavidhaṃ yathāvuttaṃ catubbīsavidhañcāti etaṃ ubhayaṃ. Saṅkalayitvā ti sampiṇḍetvā. “Saṅkhepayato” ti pi pāṭho, ekato karontassāti attho. Ettikā ti etappamāṇā, ito vinimutto koci nettipadatthā natthīti attho.

Evaṃ tettiṃsapadatthāya nettiyā suttassa atthapariyesanāya yo “soḷasa hārā paṭhaman” ti nayehi paṭhamaṃ hārā saṃvaṇṇetabbāti hāranayānaṃ saṃvaṇṇanākkamo dassito, svāyaṃ hāranayānaṃ desanākkameneva siddho. Evaṃ siddhe sati ayaṃ ārambho imamatthaṃ dīpeti – sabbe p’ime hārā nayā ca iminā dassitakkameneva suttesu saṃvaṇṇanāvasena yojetabbā, na uppaṭipāṭiyāti.

Kiṃ panettha kāraṇaṃ, yadete hārā nayā ca imināva kamena desitāti? Yadipi nāyamanuyogo katthaci anukkame nivisati, api ca dhammadesanāya nissayaphalatadupāyasarīrabhūtānaṃ assādādīnaṃ vibhāvanasabhāvattā pakatiyā sabbasuttānurūpāti suviññeyyabhāvato paresañca saṃvaṇṇanāvisesānaṃ vicayahārādīnaṃ patiṭṭhābhāvato paṭhamaṃ desanāhāro dassito.

Padapucchā-vissajjanapubbāparānugītīhi saddhiṃ desanāhārapadatthānaṃ pavicayasabhāvatāya tassa anantaraṃ vicayo. Tathā hi vakkhati “padaṃ vicinati…pe… āṇattiṃ vicinati anugītiṃ vicinatī” ti.

Vicayena hārena pavicitānaṃ atthānaṃ yuttāyuttivicāraṇā yuttāti yuttivicāraṇabhāvato vicayānantaraṃ yuttihāro vutto. Tathā hi vakkhati – “vicayena hārena vicinitvā yuttihārena yojetabban” ti.

Yuttāyuttānaṃyeva atthānaṃ upapattianurūpaṃ kāraṇaparamparāya niddhāraṇalakkhaṇaṃ padaṭṭhānacintanaṃ kattabbanti yuttihārānantaraṃ padaṭṭhānahāro dassito. Tathā hi vakkhati – “yo koci upanissayo yo koci paccayo ca, sabbo so padaṭṭhānan” ti.

Yuttāyuttānaṃ kāraṇaparamparāya pariggahitasabhāvānaṃyeva ca dhammānaṃ avuttānampi ekalakkhaṇatāya gahaṇaṃ kātabbanti dassanatthaṃ padaṭṭhānānantaraṃ lakkhaṇo hāro vutto. Tathā hi Lakkhaṇahāravibhaṅge “avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārā” ti ādinā paṭiccasamuppādaṃ dassetvā “evaṃ ye dhammā ekalakkhaṇā” ti ādi vuttaṃ.

Atthato niddhāritānampi dhammānaṃ nibbacanādīni vattabbāni, na sutte sarūpato āgatānamevāti dassanatthaṃ lakkhaṇānantaraṃ catubyūho vutto. Evañhi niravasesato atthāvabodho hoti, evañca katvā “yadā hi bhikkhu atthassa ca nāmaṃ jānāti dhammassa ca nāmaṃ jānāti tathā tathā naṃ abhiniropetī” ti anavasesapariyādānaṃ vakkhati. Tathā “punappunaṃ gabbhamupetī” ti ettha “ye jarāmaraṇena aṭṭiyitukāmā bhavissanti, te bhavissanti bhojane mattaññuno indriyesu guttadvārā” ti ādinā sammāpaṭipattiṃ adhippāyabhāvena vakkhati.

Nibbacanādhippāyanidānavacanehi saddhiṃ sutte padatthānaṃ suttantarasaṃsandanasaṅkhāte pubbāparavicāre dassite tesaṃ sabhāgavisabhāgadhammantarāvaṭṭanaṃ sukhena sakkā dassetunti catubyūhānantaraṃ āvaṭṭo vutto. Teneva hi “ārambhatha nikkamathā” ti gāthāyaṃ ārambhanikkamanabuddhasāsanayogadhunanehi vīriyasamādhipaññindriyāni niddhāretvā tadanuyogassa mūlaṃ “pamādo” ti suttantare dassito pamādo āvaṭṭito.

Sabhāgavisabhāgadhammāvaṭṭane niyojite sādhāraṇāsādhāraṇavasena saṃkilesavodānadhammānaṃ padaṭṭhānato bhūmito ca vibhāgo sakkā sukhena yojitunti āvaṭṭānantaraṃ vibhattihāro vutto. Yato Vibhattihāravibhaṅge “katame dhammā sādhāraṇā? Dve dhammā sādhāraṇā, nāmasādhāraṇā vatthusādhāraṇā cā” ti ārabhitvā “micchattaniyatānaṃ sattānaṃ aniyatānañca sattānaṃ dassanappahātabbā kilesā sādhāraṇā, puthujjanassa sotāpannassa ca kāmarāgabyāpādā sādhāraṇā” ti ādinā sabhāgavisabhāgapariyāyavanteyeva dhamme vibhajissati.

Sāvajjānavajjadhammānaṃ sappaṭibhāgābhāvato tesaṃ vibhāge kate suttāgate dhamme akasirena paṭipakkhato parivattetuṃ sakkāti vibhattianantaraṃ parivattanahāro vutto. Tathā hi “sammādiṭṭhissa purisapuggalassa micchādiṭṭhi nijjiṇṇā bhavatī” ti paṭivibhattasabhāve eva dhamme Parivattanahāravibhaṅge udāharissati.

Paṭipakkhato parivattitāpi dhammā pariyāyavacanehi bodhetabbā, na sutte āgatāyevāti dassanatthaṃ parivattanānantaraṃ vevacanahāro vutto.

Evaṃ te dhammā pariyāyasaddatopi vibhāvitā hontīti pariyāyato pakāsitānaṃ dhammānaṃ pabhedato paññattivasena vibhajanaṃ sukhena sakkā ñātunti vevacanahārānantaraṃ paññattihāro vutto. Tathā hi sutte āgatadhammānaṃ pariyāyapaññattivibhāgaṃ subodhanañca Paññattihāravibhaṅge vakkhati.

Pabhāvapariññādipaññattivibhāgamukhena paṭiccasamuppādasaccādidhammavibhāge kate sutte āgatadhammānaṃ paṭiccasamuppādādimukhena avadhāraṇaṃ sakkā dassetunti paññattianantaraṃ otaraṇo hāro vutto. Tathā hi “uddhaṃ adho” ti gāthaṃ uddisitvā “vippamutto” ti padena asekkhaṃ vijjaṃ niddhāretvā “vijjuppādā avijjānirodho” ti ādinā paṭiccasamuppādaṃ udāharissati.

Dhātāyatanādīsu otāritānaṃ sutte padatthānaṃ pucchārambhavisodhanaṃ sakkā sukhena sampādetunti otaraṇānantaraṃ sodhano hāro vutto. Tathā hi vakkhati – “yattha evaṃ suddho ārambho, so pañho vissajjito bhavatī” ti ādi.

Visodhitesu sutte padapadatthesu tattha labbhamānasāmañña-visesabhāvo sukaro hotīti dassetuṃ sodhanānantaraṃ adhiṭṭhāno hāro dassito. Sodhano hi adhiṭṭhānassa bahūpakāro, tato eva hi “yathā yathā vā pana pucchitaṃ, tathā tathā vissajjayitabban” ti vakkhati.

Sāmaññavisesabhūtesu sādhāraṇāsādhāraṇesu dhammesu paveditesu parikkhārasaṅkhātassa sādhāraṇāsādhāraṇarūpassa paccayaheturāsissa pabhedo suviññeyyoti adhiṭṭhānānantaraṃ parikkhāro vutto. Tathā hi vakkhati “asādhāraṇalakkhaṇo hetu, sādhāraṇalakkhaṇo paccayo. Yathā kiṃ bhave, yathā aṅkurassa nibbattiyā bījaṃ asādhāraṇaṃ, pathavī āpo ca sādhāraṇā” ti ādi.

Asādhāraṇe sādhāraṇe ca kāraṇe dassite tassa attano phalesu kāraṇākāro tesaṃ hetuphalānaṃ pabhedato desanākāro bhāvetabbapahātabbadhammānaṃ bhāvanāpahānāni ca niddhāretvā vuccamānāni sammā suttassa atthaṃ tathattāvabodhāya saṃvattantīti parikkhārānantaraṃ samāropano hāro dassitoti. Idaṃ hārānaṃ anukkamakāraṇaṃ.

Nayānaṃ pana veneyyattayappayojitattā atthanayattayūpadesassa tadanukkameneva nandiyāvaṭṭādīnaṃ tiṇṇaṃ atthanayānaṃ kamo veditabbo. Ugghaṭitaññuādayo hi tayo veneyyā nandiyāvaṭṭādayo payojenti. Tasmā te uddesaniddesapaṭiniddesā viya yathākkamaṃ tesaṃ upakārāya savaṃttantīti. Tathā hi nesaṃ cattāro cha aṭṭha ca mūlapadā niddiṭṭhā. Itarassa pana nayadvayassa atthanayattayassa bhūmiyā ālocanaṃ tassa tattha samānayanañcāti iminā kāraṇena uddesakkamo veditabbo. Na hi sakkā anoloketvā samānetunti.

Etaparamatā ca hārānaṃ ettakehi pakāravisesehi atthanayattayasahitehi suttassa attho niddhāriyamāno veneyyānaṃ alamanuttarāya paṭhamāya bhūmiyā samadhigamāyāti veditabbo. Dassanabhūmisamanuppattiatthā hi Nettippakaraṇadesanāti. Atha vā etadantogadhattā sabbesaṃ suttassa saṃvaṇṇanāvisesānaṃ ettāvatā hārānaṃ daṭṭhabbā. Yattakā hi suttassa saṃvaṇṇanāvisesā, sabbe te nettiupadesāyattāti vuttovāyamattho.

Tathā hi ye keci suttassa saṃvaṇṇanāpakārā niddisīyanti. Seyyathidaṃ – suttassa samuṭṭhānaṃ vattabbaṃ, adhippāyo vibhāvetabbo, anekadhā padattho saṃvaṇṇetabbo, vidhi anuvādo ca veditabbo, virodho samādhātabbo, anusandhiyā anurūpaṃ nigametabbanti. Tathā suttassa payojanaṃ piṇḍattho padattho anusandhi codanā parihāro ca atthaṃ vadantena vattabbāti. Tathā upogghāṭapadaviggahapadatthacālanāpaccupaṭṭhānāni vattabbānīti.

Tathā tisso kathā ekanāḷikā caturassā nisinnavattikā. Tattha pāḷiṃ vatvā ekekapadassa atthakathanaṃ ekanāḷikā nāma.

Paṭipakkhaṃ dassetvā paṭipakkhassa upamaṃ dassetvā sapakkhaṃ dassetvā sapakkhassa upamaṃ dassetvā kathanaṃ caturassā nāma.

Visabhāgadhammavaseneva pariyosānaṃ gantvā puna sabhāgadhammavaseneva pariyosānagamanaṃ nisinnavattikā nāma.

Bhedakathāya tatvakathāya pariyāyavacanehi ca suttaṃ saṃvaṇṇetabbanti ca evamādayo. Tesampi ettheva avarodho, yasmā te idha katipayahārasaṅgahitāti.

Nayānaṃ pana yasmā ugghaṭitaññuādayo tayo eva veneyyā saccābhisamayabhāgino tadatthāya ca atthanayadesanā, tasmā satipi saṃkilesavodānadhammānaṃ yathāvuttamūlapadabhedato vaḍḍhetvā vibhajitabbappakāre tathā mūlapadāni avaḍḍhetvā veneyyattayavaseneva etaparamatā vuttā. Navasu navasu eva hi mūlapadesu sabbesaṃ saṃkilesavodānadhammānaṃ antogadhabhāvato na tāni vaḍḍhetabbāni veneyyattayādhikārato na hāpetabbānīti nayānaṃ etaparamatā daṭṭhabbā.

Kammanayānaṃ pana ālocanasamānayanato aññassa pakārantarassa asambhavato etaparamatā. Hetvādī ti ettha ādisaddena phalabhūmiupanisāsabhāgavisabhāgalakkhaṇanayādayo pariggahitā. Tesu hetū ti kāraṇaṃ, yo dhammotipi vuccati, so pana paccayabhāvena ekavidho. Kārako sampāpakoti duvidho. Puna kārako ñāpako sampāpakoti tividho. Hetuhetu paccayahetu uttamahetu sādhāraṇahetūti catubbidho. Paccayadhammo kusalo akusalo saddo ariyamaggoti pañcavidho. Tathā sabhāgahetu asabhāgahetu ajjhattikahetu bāhirahetu janakahetu pariggāhakahetu sādhāraṇahetu asādhāraṇahetu samanantarahetu paramparahetu sahajātahetu asahajātahetu sāsavahetu anāsavahetūti ādinā anekavidho cā ti veditabbo.

Phalampi paccayuppannabhāvena ekavidhaṃ. Adhigantabbatopi sampāpakahetuvasena phalapariyāyo labbhatīti nibbattetabbaadhigantabbabhāvato duvidhaṃ. Ñāpetabbanibbattetabbapattabbato tividhaṃ. Paccayuppannavipākakiriyāvacanatthanibbānavasena pañcavidhaṃ. Sabhāgahetunibbattaṃ asabhāgahetunibbattanti evamādivasena anekavidhañcāti veditabbaṃ. Tathā lokiyaṃ lokuttaranti. Tattha lokuttaraṃ cattāri sāmaññaphalāni. Lokiyaphalaṃ duvidhaṃ kāyikaṃ mānasañca. Tattha kāyikaṃ pañcadvārikaṃ, avasiṭṭhaṃ mānasaṃ. Yañca tāya tāya suttadesanāya sādhetabbaṃ, tadapi phalanti.

Bhūmī ti sāsavabhūmi anāsavabhūmi saṅkhatabhūmi asaṅkhatabhūmi dassanabhūmi bhāvanābhūmi puthujjanabhūmi sekkhabhūmi asekkhabhūmi sāvakabhūmi paccekabuddhabhūmi sammāsambuddhabhūmi jhānabhūmi asamāhitabhūmi paṭipajjamānabhūmi paṭipannabhūmi paṭhamābhūmi yāva catutthībhūmi kāmāvacarabhūmi yāva lokuttarabhūmīti bahuvidhā. Tattha sāsavabhūmi parittamahaggatā dhammā. Anāsavabhūmi appamāṇā dhammā. Saṅkhatabhūmi nibbānavajjā sabbe sabhāvadhammā. Asaṅkhatabhūmi appaccayā dhammā. Dassanabhūmi paṭhamamaggaphaladhammā. Bhāvanābhūmi avasiṭṭhamaggaphaladhammā. Puthujjanabhūmi hīnamajjhimā dhammā. Sekkhabhūmi cattāro ariyamaggadhammā heṭṭhimā ca tayo phaladhammā. Asekkhabhūmi aggaphaladhammā. Sāvakapaccekabuddhabuddhadhammā sāvakādibhūmiyo. Jhānabhūmi jhānadhammā. Asamāhitabhūmi jhānavajjitā dhammā. Paṭipajjamānabhūmi maggadhammā. Paṭipannabhūmi phaladhammā. Paṭhamādibhūmiyo saha phalena cattāro maggā apariyāpannā dhammā “paṭhamāya bhūmiyā pattiyā” ti ādivacanato. Kāmāvacarādibhūmiyo kāmāvacarādidhammā. Ye ca dhammā tesaṃ tesaṃ hāranayānaṃ patiṭṭhānabhāvena suttesu niddhārīyanti, tepi bhūmiyoti viññātabbā.

Upanisā ti balavakāraṇaṃ, yo upanissayapaccayoti vuccati. Yañca sandhāya sutte “dukkhūpanisā saddhā saddhūpanisaṃ ‘sīlan’ ti yāva vimuttūpanisaṃ vimuttiñāṇadassanan” ti vuttaṃ. Api ca upanisāti tasmiṃ tasmiṃ samaye siddhante hadayabhūtaṃ abbhantaraṃ vuccati. Idhāpi nettihadayaṃ, yaṃ sammā pariggaṇhantā dhammakathikā tasmiṃ tasmiṃ sutte āgatadhammamukhena sabbahāranayayojanāya samatthā honti. Kiṃ panetaṃ nettihadayaṃ? Yadidaṃ etasseva tettiṃsavidhassa pakaraṇapadatthasoḷasassa aṭṭhavīsatividhapaṭṭhānavibhaṅgasahitassa visayo saha nimittavibhāgena asaṅkarato vavatthito.

Seyyathidaṃ – desanāhārassa assādādayo visayo, tassa assādādivibhāvanalakkhaṇattā. Tassa assādo sukhaṃ somanassanti evamādivibhāgo, tassa nimittaṃ iṭṭhārammaṇādi, ayañca attho desanāhāravicayahāraniddesavaṇṇanāyaṃ vitthārato pakāsito eva. Sutte āgatadhammassa sabhāgavisabhāgadhammāvaṭṭanavisayo āvaṭṭahāro, tadubhayaāvaṭṭanalakkhaṇattā. Sutte āgatadhammānaṃ paccanīkadhammavisayo parivattanahāro, paṭipakkhadhammaparivattanalakkhaṇattā. Padaṭṭhānaparikkhāresu āsannakāraṇaṃ upanissayakāraṇañca padaṭṭhānaṃ, hetu parikkhāro ti ayam etesaṃ viseso.

Sabhāgavisabhāgadhammā ca tesaṃ tesaṃ dhammānaṃ anukūlapaṭikūladhammā yathākkamaṃ veditabbā. Yathā – sammādiṭṭhiyā sammāsaṅkappo sabhāgo, micchāsaṅkappo visabhāgoti iminā nayena sabbaṃ sabhāgavisabhāgato veditabbaṃ.

Lakkhaṇan ti sabhāvo. So hāranayānaṃ niddese vibhāvito eva.

Yaṃ panetaṃ hetuādivisesavinimuttaṃ hāranayānaṃ yojanānibandhanaṃ, so nayo. Yathāha – lakkhaṇahāre “evaṃ ye dhammā ekalakkhaṇā kiccato ca lakkhaṇato ca sāmaññato cā” ti ādi. Tathā vicayena hārena vicinitvā yuttihārena yojetabbāti. Tathā sodhanahārādīsu suddho ārambho hoti, so pañho vissajjito bhavatīti evamādi. Ekattādayopi nayā idha nayoti gahetabbā.

Evaṃ hetuphalādīni upadhāretvā nesaṃ vasena tattha tattha sutte labbhamānapadatthaniddhāraṇamukhena yathālakkhaṇaṃ ete hārā nayā ca yojetabbā. Visesato pana padaṭṭhānaparikkhārā hetuvasena. Desanāvicayacatubyūhasamāropanā hetuphalavasena. Tathā vevacanapaññattiotaraṇasodhanā phalavasenevāti keci. Vibhatti hetubhūmivasena. Parivatto visabhāgavasena. Āvaṭṭo sabhāgavisabhāgavasena. Lakkhaṇayuttiadhiṭṭhānā nayavasena yojetabbāti. Ettāvatā ca yaṃ vuttaṃ –

“Sāmaññato visesena, padattho lakkhaṇaṃ kamo;
ettāvatā ca hetvādī, veditabbā hi viññunā” ti.

Ayaṃ gāthā vuttatthā hoti.

Niddesavāravaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.