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Pabbajjāsuttavaṇṇanā

Pabbajjaṃ kittayissāmī ti Pabbajjāsuttaṃ. Kā uppatti? Bhagavati kira Sāvatthiyaṃ viharante āyasmato Ānandassa parivitakko udapādi “Sāriputtādīnaṃ mahāsāvakānaṃ pabbajjā kittitā, taṃ bhikkhū ca upāsakā ca jānanti. Bhagavato pana akittitā, yaṃ nūnāhaṃ kitteyyan” ti. So Jetavanavihāre āsane nisīditvā cittabījaniṃ gahetvā bhikkhūnaṃ Bhagavato pabbajjaṃ kittento imaṃ suttam abhāsi.

408

Tattha yasmā pabbajjaṃ kittentena yathā pabbaji, taṃ kittetabbaṃ. Yathā ca pabbaji, taṃ kittentena yathā vīmaṃsamāno pabbajjaṃ rocesi, taṃ kittetabbaṃ. Tasmā “pabbajjaṃ kittayissāmī” ti vatvā “yathā pabbajī” ti ādim āha. Cakkhumā ti pañcahi cakkhūhi cakkhumā cakkhusampanno ti attho. Sesam ādi gāthāya uttānam eva.

409

Idāni “yathā vīmaṃsamāno” ti tam atthaṃ pakāsento āha “sambādhoyan” ti. Tattha sambādho ti puttadārādisampīḷanena kilesasampīḷanena ca kusalakiriyāya okāsarahito. Rajassāyatanan ti kambojādayo viya assādīnaṃ, rāgādirajassa uppattideso. Abbhokāso ti vuttasambādhapaṭipakkhabhāvena ākāso viya vivaṭā. Iti disvāna pabbajī ti iti gharāvāsapabbajjāsu byādhijarāmaraṇehi suṭṭhutaraṃ codiyamānahadayo ādīnavamānisaṃsañca vīmaṃsitvā, mahābhinikkhamanaṃ nikkhamitvā, anomānadītīre khaggena kese chinditvā, tāvadeva ca dvaṅgulamattasaṇṭhitasamaṇasāruppakesamassu hutvā ghaṭikārena brahmunā upanīte aṭṭha parikkhāre gahetvā “evaṃ nivāsetabbaṃ pārupitabban” ti kenaci ananusiṭṭho anekajātisahassapavattitena attano pabbajjāciṇṇeneva sikkhāpiyamāno pabbaji. Ekaṃ kāsāvaṃ nivāsetvā ekaṃ uttarāsaṅgaṃ karitvā ekaṃ cīvaraṃ khandhe karitvā mattikāpattaṃ aṃse ālaggetvā pabbajitavesaṃ adhiṭṭhāsīti vuttaṃ hoti. Sesam ettha uttānam eva.

410

Evaṃ Bhagavato pabbajjaṃ kittetvā tato paraṃ pabbajitapaṭipattiṃ anomānadītīraṃ hitvā padhānāya gamanañca pakāsetuṃ “pabbajitvāna kāyenā” ti ādiṃ sabbamabhāsi. Tattha kāyena pāpakammaṃ vivajjayī ti tividhaṃ kāyaduccaritaṃ vajjesi. Vacīduccaritan ti catubbidhaṃ vacīduccaritaṃ. Ājīvaṃ parisodhayī ti micchājīvaṃ hitvā sammājīvameva pavattayi.

411

Evaṃ ājīvaṭṭhamakasīlaṃ sodhetvā anomānadītīrato tiṃsayojanappamāṇaṃ sattāhena agamā rājagahaṃ buddho. Tattha kiñcāpi yadā rājagahaṃ agamāsi, tadā buddho na hoti, tathāpi buddhassa pubbacariyāti katvā evaṃ vattuṃ labbhati “idha rājā jāto, idha rajjaṃ aggahesī” ti ādi lokiyavohāravacanaṃ viya. Magadhānan ti magadhānaṃ janapadassa nagaranti vuttaṃ hoti. Giribbajan ti idampi tassa nāmaṃ. Tañhi paṇḍavagijjhakūṭavebhāraisigilivepullanāmakānaṃ pañcannaṃ girīnaṃ majjhe vajo viya ṭhitaṃ, tasmā “giribbajan” ti vuccati. Piṇḍāya abhihāresī ti bhikkhatthāya tasmiṃ nagare cari. So kira nagaradvāre ṭhatvā cintesi “sacāhaṃ rañño bimbisārassa attano āgamanaṃ nivedeyyaṃ, ‘suddhodanassa putto siddhattho nāma kumāro āgato’ti bahumpi me paccayaṃ abhihareyya. Na kho pana me taṃ patirūpaṃ pabbajitassa ārocetvā paccayagahaṇaṃ, handāhaṃ piṇḍāya carāmī” ti devadattiyaṃ paṃsukūlacīvaraṃ pārupitvā mattikāpattaṃ gahetvā pācīnadvārena nagaraṃ pavisitvā anugharaṃ piṇḍāya acari. Tenāha āyasmā Ānando “piṇḍāya abhihāresī” ti. Ākiṇṇavaralakkhaṇo ti sarīre ākiritvā viya ṭhapitavaralakkhaṇo vipulavaralakkhaṇo vā. Vipulampi hi “ākiṇṇan” ti vuccati. Yathāha “ākiṇṇaluddo puriso, dhāticelaṃva makkhito” ti (jā. 1.6.118, 1.9.106). Vipulaluddoti attho.

412

Tamaddasā ti tato kira purimāni satta divasāni nagare nakkhattaṃ ghositaṃ ahosi. Taṃ divasaṃ pana “nakkhattaṃ vītivattaṃ, kammantā payojetabbā” ti bheri cari. Atha mahājano rājaṅgaṇe sannipati. Rājāpi “kammantaṃ saṃvidahissāmī” ti sīhapañjaraṃ vivaritvā balakāyaṃ passanto taṃ piṇḍāya abhihārentaṃ mahāsattaṃ addasa. Tenāha āyasmā Ānando “tamaddasā bimbisāro, pāsādasmiṃ patiṭṭhito” ti. Imamatthaṃ abhāsathā ti imaṃ atthaṃ amaccānaṃ abhāsi.

413

Idāni taṃ tesaṃ amaccānaṃ bhāsitam atthaṃ dassento āha “imaṃ bhonto” ti. Tattha iman ti so rājā bodhisattaṃ dasseti, bhonto ti amacce ālapati. Nisāmethā ti passatha. Abhirūpo ti dassanīyaṅgapaccaṅgo. Brahmā ti ārohapariṇāhasampanno. Sucī ti parisuddhachavivaṇṇo. Caraṇenā ti gamanena.

414-5

Nīcakulāmivā ti nīcakulā iva pabbajito na hotīti attho. Makāro padasandhikaro. Kuhiṃ bhikkhu gamissatī ti ayaṃ bhikkhu kuhiṃ gamissati, ajja kattha vasissatīti jānituṃ rājadūtā sīghaṃ gacchantu. Dassanakāmā hi mayaṃ assāti iminā adhippāyena āha. Guttadvāro okkhittacakkhutāya, susaṃvuto satiyā. Guttadvāro vā satiyā, susaṃvuto pāsādikena saṅghāṭicīvaradhāraṇena.

416

Khippaṃ pattaṃ apūresī ti sampajānattā patissatattā ca adhikaṃ agaṇhanto “alaṃ ettāvatā” ti ajjhāsayapūraṇena khippaṃ pattaṃ apūresi. Munī ti monatthāya paṭipannattā appattamunibhāvopi muniicceva vutto, lokavohārena vā. Lokiyā hi amonasampattampi pabbajitaṃ “munī” ti bhaṇanti. Paṇḍavaṃ abhihāresī ti taṃ pabbataṃ abhiruhi. So kira manusse pucchi “imasmiṃ nagare pabbajitā kattha vasantī” ti. Ath’assa te “paṇḍavassa upari puratthābhimukhapabbhāre” ti ārocesuṃ. Tasmā tameva paṇḍavaṃ abhihāresi “ettha vāso bhavissatī” ti evaṃ cintetvā.

417-23

Byagghusabhova sīhova girigabbhare ti giriguhāyaṃ byaggho viya usabho viya sīho viya ca nisinnoti attho. Ete hi tayo seṭṭhā vigatabhayabheravā girigabbhare nisīdanti, tasmā evaṃ upamaṃ akāsi. Bhaddayānenā ti hatthiassarathasivikādinā uttamayānena. Sayānabhūmiṃ yāyitvā ti yāvatikā bhūmi hatthiassādinā yānena sakkā gantuṃ, taṃ gantvā. Āsajjā ti patvā, samīpamassa gantvāti attho. Upāvisī ti nisīdi. Yuvā ti yobbanasampanno. Daharo ti jātiyā taruṇo. Paṭhamuppattiko susū ti tadubhayavisesanameva. Yuvā susū ti atiyobbano. Paṭhamuppattiko ti paṭhameneva yobbanavesena uṭṭhito. Daharo cāsī ti sati ca daharatte susu bālako viya khāyasīti.

424-5

Anīkaggan ti balakāyaṃ senāmukhaṃ. Dadāmi bhoge bhuñjassū ti ettha “ahaṃ te aṅgamagadhesu yāvicchasi, tāva dadāmi bhoge. Taṃ tvaṃ sobhayanto anīkaggaṃ nāgasaṅghapurakkhato bhuñjassū” ti evaṃ sambandho veditabbo. Ujuṃ janapado rājā ti “dadāmi bhoge bhuñjassu, jātiṃ akkhāhi pucchito” ti evaṃ kira vutto mahāpuriso cintesi “sace ahaṃ rajjena atthiko assaṃ, cātumahārājikādayopi maṃ attano attano rajjena nimanteyyuṃ, gehe ṭhito eva vā cakkavattirajjaṃ kāreyyaṃ. Ayaṃ pana rājā ajānanto evamāha ‘handāhaṃ, taṃ jānāpemī’” ti bāhaṃ uccāretvā attano āgatadisābhāgaṃ niddisanto “ujuṃ janapado rājā” ti ādim āha. Tattha himavantassa passato ti bhaṇanto sassasampattivekallābhāvaṃ dasseti. Himavantañhi nissāya pāsāṇavivarasambhavā mahāsālāpi pañcahi vuddhīhi vaḍḍhanti, kimaṅgaṃ pana khette vuttāni sassāni. Dhanavīriyena sampanno ti bhaṇanto sattahi ratanehi avekallattaṃ, pararājūhi atakkanīyaṃ vīrapurisādhiṭṭhitabhāvañcassa dasseti. Kosalesu niketino ti bhaṇanto navakarājabhāvaṃ paṭikkhipati. Navakarājā hi niketīti na vuccati. Yassa pana ādikālato pabhuti anvayavasena so eva janapado nivāso, so niketīti vuccati. Tathārūpo ca rājā suddhodano, yaṃ sandhāyāha “kosalesu niketino” ti. Tena anvayāgatampi bhogasampattiṃ dīpeti.

426

Ettāvatā attano bhogasampattiṃ dīpetvā “ādiccā nāma gottena, sākiyā nāma jātiyā” ti iminā jātisampattiñca ācikkhitvā yaṃ vuttaṃ raññā “dadāmi bhoge bhuñjassū” ti, taṃ paṭikkhipanto āha “tamhā kulā pabbajitomhi, na kāme abhipatthayan” ti. Yadi hi ahaṃ kāme abhipatthayeyyaṃ, na īdisaṃ dhanavīriyasampannaṃ dvāsītisahassavīrapurisasamākulaṃ kulaṃ chaḍḍetvā pabbajeyyanti ayaṃ kirettha adhippāyo.

427

Evaṃ rañño vacanaṃ paṭikkhipitvā tato paraṃ attano pabbajjāhetuṃ dassento āha “kāmesvādīnavaṃ disvā, nekkhammaṃ daṭṭhu khemato” ti. Etaṃ “pabbajitomhī” ti iminā sambandhitabbaṃ. Tattha daṭṭhū ti disvā. Sesam ettha ito purimagāthāsu ca yaṃ yaṃ na vicāritaṃ, taṃ taṃ sabbaṃ uttānatthattā eva na vicāritanti veditabbaṃ. Evaṃ attano pabbajjāhetuṃ vatvā padhānatthāya gantukāmo rājānaṃ āmantento āha “padhānāya gamissāmi, ettha me rañjatī mano” ti. Tassattho yasmāhaṃ, mahārāja, nekkhammaṃ daṭṭhu khemato pabbajito, tasmā taṃ paramatthanekkhammaṃ nibbānāmataṃ sabbadhammānaṃ aggaṭṭhena padhānaṃ patthento padhānatthāya gamissāmi, ettha me padhāne rañjati mano, na kāmesūti. Evaṃ vutte kira rājā bodhisattaṃ āha “pubbeva metaṃ, bhante, sutaṃ ‘suddhodanarañño kira putto siddhatthakumāro cattāri pubbanimittāni disvā pabbajitvā buddho bhavissatī’ti, sohaṃ, bhante, tumhākaṃ adhimuttiṃ disvā evaṃpasanno ‘addhā buddhattaṃ pāpuṇissathā’ti. Sādhu, bhante, buddhattaṃ patvā paṭhamaṃ mama vijitaṃ okkameyyāthā” ti.