出家经注

408

Pabbajjaṃ kittayissāmī ti Pabbajjāsuttaṃ. Kā uppatti? Bhagavati kira Sāvatthiyaṃ viharante āyasmato Ānandassa parivitakko udapādi “Sāriputtādīnaṃ mahāsāvakānaṃ pabbajjā kittitā, taṃ bhikkhū ca upāsakā ca jānanti, Bhagavato pana akittitā, yaṃ nūnāhaṃ kitteyyan” ti. So Jetavanavihāre āsane nisīditvā cittabījaniṃ gahetvā bhikkhūnaṃ Bhagavato pabbajjaṃ kittento imaṃ suttam abhāsi.

Tattha yasmā pabbajjaṃ kittentena yathā pabbaji, taṃ kittetabbaṃ, yathā ca pabbaji, taṃ kittentena, yathā vīmaṃsamāno pabbajjaṃ rocesi, taṃ kittetabbaṃ, tasmā “pabbajjaṃ kittayissāmī” ti vatvā “yathā pabbajī” ti ādim āha. Cakkhumā ti pañcahi cakkhūhi cakkhumā cakkhusampanno ti attho. Sesam ādigāthāya uttānam eva.

409

Idāni “yathā vīmaṃsamāno” ti tam atthaṃ pakāsento āha “sambādho’yan” ti. Tattha sambādho ti putta-dārādi-sampīḷanena kilesa-sampīḷanena ca kusala-kiriyāya okāsarahito. Rajassāyatanan ti Kambojādayo viya assādīnaṃ, rāgādi-rajassa uppattideso. Abbhokāso ti vutta-sambādha-paṭipakkha-bhāvena ākāso viya vivaṭā. Iti disvāna pabbajī ti iti gharāvāsa-pabbajjāsu byādhi-jarā-maraṇehi suṭṭhutaraṃ codiyamānahadayo ādīnavam ānisaṃsañ ca vīmaṃsitvā, mahābhinikkhamanaṃ nikkhamitvā, Anomānadītīre khaggena kese chinditvā, tāvad eva ca dvaṅgulamatta-saṇṭhita-samaṇasāruppa-kesamassu hutvā Ghaṭikārena brahmunā upanīte aṭṭha parikkhāre gahetvā “evaṃ nivāsetabbaṃ pārupitabban” ti kenaci ananusiṭṭho anekajāti-sahassa-pavattitena attano pabbajjāciṇṇen’eva sikkhāpiyamāno pabbaji. Ekaṃ kāsāvaṃ nivāsetvā ekaṃ uttarāsaṅgaṃ karitvā ekaṃ cīvaraṃ khandhe karitvā mattikāpattaṃ aṃse ālaggetvā pabbajitavesaṃ adhiṭṭhāsī ti vuttaṃ hoti. Sesam ettha uttānam eva.

410

Evaṃ Bhagavato pabbajjaṃ kittetvā tato paraṃ pabbajitapaṭipattiṃ Anomānadītīraṃ hitvā padhānāya gamanañ ca pakāsetuṃ “pabbajitvāna kāyenā” ti ādiṃ sabbam abhāsi. Tattha kāyena pāpakammaṃ vivajjayī ti tividhaṃ kāyaduccaritaṃ vajjesi. Vacīduccaritan ti catubbidhaṃ vacīduccaritaṃ. Ājīvaṃ parisodhayī ti micchājīvaṃ hitvā sammājīvam eva pavattayi.

411

Evaṃ ājīvaṭṭhamaka-sīlaṃ sodhetvā Anomānadītīrato tiṃsa-yojana-ppamāṇaṃ sattāhena agamā Rājagahaṃ Buddho. Tattha kiñcāpi yadā Rājagahaṃ agamāsi, tadā buddho na hoti, tathā pi buddhassa pubbacariyā ti katvā evaṃ vattuṃ labbhati “idha rājā jāto, idha rajjaṃ aggahesī” ti ādi lokiya-vohāra-vacanaṃ viya. Magadhānan ti Magadhānaṃ janapadassa nagaran ti vuttaṃ hoti. Giribbajan ti idam pi tassa nāmaṃ. Tañ hi Paṇḍava-Gijjhakūṭa-Vebhāra-Isigili-Vepulla-nāmakānaṃ pañcannaṃ girīnaṃ majjhe vajo viya ṭhitaṃ, tasmā “Giribbajan” ti vuccati.

Piṇḍāya abhihāresī ti bhikkhatthāya tasmiṃ nagare cari. So kira nagaradvāre ṭhatvā cintesi “sacāhaṃ rañño Bimbisārassa attano āgamanaṃ nivedeyyaṃ, ‘Suddhodanassa putto Siddhattho nāma kumāro āgato’ ti bahum pi me paccayaṃ abhihareyya. Na kho pana me taṃ patirūpaṃ pabbajitassa ārocetvā paccayagahaṇaṃ, handāhaṃ piṇḍāya carāmī” ti devadattiyaṃ paṃsukūlacīvaraṃ pārupitvā mattikāpattaṃ gahetvā pācīnadvārena nagaraṃ pavisitvā anugharaṃ piṇḍāya acari. Tenāha āyasmā Ānando “piṇḍāya abhihāresī” ti. Ākiṇṇavaralakkhaṇo ti sarīre ākiritvā viya ṭhapita-varalakkhaṇo vipula-varalakkhaṇo vā. Vipulam pi hi “ākiṇṇan” ti vuccati. Yathāha

“Ākiṇṇaluddo puriso, dhāticelaṃ va makkhito” ti (jā. 1.6.118, 1.9.106)

vipulaluddo ti attho.

412

Tam addasā ti tato kira purimāni satta divasāni nagare nakkhattaṃ ghositaṃ ahosi. Taṃ divasaṃ pana “nakkhattaṃ vītivattaṃ, kammantā payojetabbā” ti bheri cari. Atha mahājano rājaṅgaṇe sannipati. Rājā pi “kammantaṃ saṃvidahissāmī” ti sīhapañjaraṃ vivaritvā balakāyaṃ passanto taṃ piṇḍāya abhihārentaṃ mahāsattaṃ addasa. Tenāha āyasmā Ānando “tam addasā Bimbisāro, pāsādasmiṃ patiṭṭhito” ti. Imam atthaṃ abhāsathā ti imaṃ atthaṃ amaccānaṃ abhāsi.

413

Idāni taṃ tesaṃ amaccānaṃ bhāsitam atthaṃ dassento āha “imaṃ bhonto” ti. Tattha iman ti so rājā bodhisattaṃ dasseti. Bhonto ti amacce ālapati. Nisāmethā ti passatha. Abhirūpo ti dassanīyaṅgapaccaṅgo. Brahā ti āroha-pariṇāha-sampanno. Sucī ti parisuddhachavivaṇṇo. Caraṇenā ti gamanena.

414

Nīcakulā-m-ivā ti nīcakulā iva pabbajito na hotī ti attho. Makāro padasandhikaro. Kuhiṃ bhikkhu gamissatī ti ayaṃ bhikkhu kuhiṃ gamissati, ajja kattha vasissatī ti jānituṃ rājadūtā sīghaṃ gacchantu. Dassanakāmā hi mayaṃ assā ti iminā adhippāyena āha.

416

Guttadvāro okkhittacakkhutāya, susaṃvuto satiyā. Guttadvāro vā satiyā, susaṃvuto pāsādikena saṅghāṭicīvaradhāraṇena. Khippaṃ pattaṃ apūresī ti sampajānattā patissatattā ca adhikaṃ agaṇhanto “alaṃ ettāvatā” ti ajjhāsayapūraṇena khippaṃ pattaṃ apūresi.

417

Munī ti monatthāya paṭipannattā appatta-munibhāvo pi muni icc eva vutto. Lokavohārena vā. Lokiyā hi amonasampattam pi pabbajitaṃ “munī” ti bhaṇanti. Paṇḍavaṃ abhihāresī ti taṃ pabbataṃ abhiruhi. So kira manusse pucchi “imasmiṃ nagare pabbajitā kattha vasantī” ti. Ath’assa te “Paṇḍavassa upari puratthābhimukha-pabbhāre” ti ārocesuṃ. Tasmā tam eva Paṇḍavaṃ abhihāresi “ettha vāso bhavissatī” ti evaṃ cintetvā.

419

Byaggh’usabho va sīho va girigabbhare ti giriguhāyaṃ byaggho viya usabho viya sīho viya ca nisinno ti attho. Ete hi tayo seṭṭhā vigatabhayabheravā girigabbhare nisīdanti, tasmā evaṃ upamaṃ akāsi.

420

Bhaddayānenā ti hatthi-assa-ratha-sivikādinā uttamayānena.

421

Sa yānabhūmiṃ yāyitvā ti yāvatikā bhūmi hatthi-assādinā yānena sakkā gantuṃ, taṃ gantvā. Āsajjā ti patvā, samīpamassa gantvā ti attho. Upāvisī ti nisīdi.

423

Yuvā ti yobbanasampanno. Daharo ti jātiyā taruṇo. Paṭhamuppattiko susū ti tadubhayavisesanam eva. Yuvā susū ti atiyobbano paṭhamuppattiko ti¹ paṭhamen’eva yobbanavesena² uṭṭhito, daharo cāsī ti sati ca daharatte susu bālako viya khāyasī ti.

424

Anīkaggan ti balakāyaṃ senāmukhaṃ. Dadāmi bhoge bhuñjassū ti ettha “ahaṃ te Aṅga-Magadhesu yāv’icchasi, tāva dadāmi bhoge, taṃ tvaṃ sobhayanto anīkaggaṃ nāgasaṅghapurakkhato bhuñjassū” ti evaṃ sambandho veditabbo.

425

Ujuṃ janapado rājā ti “dadāmi bhoge bhuñjassu, jātiṃ akkhāhi pucchito” ti evaṃ kira vutto mahāpuriso cintesi “sace ahaṃ rajjena atthiko assaṃ, Cātumahārājikādayo pi maṃ attano attano rajjena nimanteyyuṃ, gehe ṭhito eva vā cakkavattirajjaṃ kāreyyaṃ, ayaṃ pana rājā ajānanto evam āha, handāhaṃ, taṃ jānāpemī” ti bāhaṃ uccāretvā attano āgata-disābhāgaṃ niddisanto “ujuṃ janapado rājā” ti ādim āha.

Tattha Himavantassa passato ti bhaṇanto sassa-sampatti-vekallābhāvaṃ dasseti. Himavantañ hi nissāya pāsāṇa-vivara-sambhavā mahāsālā pi pañcahi vuddhīhi vaḍḍhanti, kimaṅgaṃ pana khette vuttāni sassāni. Dhanavīriyena sampanno ti bhaṇanto sattahi ratanehi avekallattaṃ, pararājūhi atakkanīyaṃ vīrapurisādhiṭṭhita-bhāvañ c’assa dasseti. Kosalesu niketino ti bhaṇanto navakarājabhāvaṃ paṭikkhipati. Navakarājā hi niketī ti na vuccati, yassa pana ādikālato pabhuti anvayavasena so eva janapado nivāso, so niketī ti vuccati. Tathārūpo ca rājā Suddhodano, yaṃ sandhāyāha “Kosalesu niketino” ti, tena anvayāgatam pi bhogasampattiṃ dīpeti.

426

Ettāvatā attano bhogasampattiṃ dīpetvā “Ādiccā nāma gottena, Sākiyā nāma jātiyā” ti iminā jātisampattiñ ca ācikkhitvā yaṃ vuttaṃ raññā “dadāmi bhoge bhuñjassū” ti, taṃ paṭikkhipanto āha “tamhā kulā pabbajito’mhi, na kāme abhipatthayan” ti. Yadi hi ahaṃ kāme abhipatthayeyyaṃ, na īdisaṃ dhana-vīriya-sampannaṃ dvāsīti-sahassa-vīrapurisa-samākulaṃ kulaṃ chaḍḍetvā pabbajeyyan ti ayaṃ kir’ettha adhippāyo.

427

Evaṃ rañño vacanaṃ paṭikkhipitvā tato paraṃ attano pabbajjāhetuṃ dassento āha “kāmesv ādīnavaṃ disvā, nekkhammaṃ daṭṭhu khemato” ti, etaṃ “pabbajito’mhī” ti iminā sambandhitabbaṃ. Tattha daṭṭhū ti disvā. Sesam ettha ito purimagāthāsu ca yaṃ yaṃ na vicāritaṃ, taṃ taṃ sabbaṃ uttānatthattā eva na vicāritan ti veditabbaṃ.

Evaṃ attano pabbajjāhetuṃ vatvā padhānatthāya gantukāmo rājānaṃ āmantento āha “padhānāya gamissāmi, ettha me rañjatī mano” ti. Tass’attho yasmāhaṃ, mahārāja, nekkhammaṃ daṭṭhu khemato pabbajito, tasmā taṃ paramattha-nekkhammaṃ nibbānāmataṃ sabbadhammānaṃ aggaṭṭhena padhānaṃ patthento padhānatthāya gamissāmi, ettha me padhāne rañjati mano, na kāmesū ti.

Evaṃ vutte kira rājā bodhisattaṃ āha “pubbe va m’etaṃ, bhante, sutaṃ ‘Suddhodanarañño kira putto Siddhatthakumāro cattāri pubbanimittāni disvā pabbajitvā buddho bhavissatī’ ti, so’haṃ, bhante, tumhākaṃ adhimuttiṃ disvā evaṃpasanno ‘addhā buddhattaṃ pāpuṇissathā’ ti. Sādhu, bhante, buddhattaṃ patvā paṭhamaṃ mama vijitaṃ okkameyyāthā” ti.