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Sabhiyasuttavaṇṇanā

Evaṃ me sutan ti Sabhiyasuttaṃ. Kā uppatti? Ayameva yāssa nidāne vuttā. Atthavaṇṇanākkamepi c’assa pubbasadisaṃ pubbe vuttanayen’eva veditabbaṃ. Yaṃ pana apubbaṃ, taṃ uttānatthāni padāni pariharantā vaṇṇayissāma. Veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe ti veḷuvanan ti tassa uyyānassa nāmaṃ. Taṃ kira veḷūhi ca parikkhittaṃ ahosi aṭṭhārasahatthena ca pākārena, gopuradvāraṭṭālakayuttaṃ nīlobhāsaṃ manoramaṃ, tena “veḷuvanan” ti vuccati. Kalandakānañcettha nivāpaṃ adaṃsu, tena “kalandakanivāpo” ti vuccati. Kalandakā nāma kāḷakā vuccanti. Pubbe kira aññataro rājā tattha uyyānakīḷanatthaṃ āgato surāmadena matto divāseyyaṃ supi. Parijanopissa “sutto rājā” ti pupphaphalādīhi palobhiyamāno ito c’ito ca pakkāmi. Atha surāgandhena aññatarasmā susirarukkhā kaṇhasappo nikkhamitvā rañño abhimukho āgacchati. Taṃ disvā rukkhadevatā “rañño jīvitaṃ dassāmī” ti kāḷakavesena āgantvā kaṇṇamūle saddamakāsi. Rājā paṭibujjhi, kaṇhasappo nivatto. So taṃ disvā “imāya mama kāḷakāya jīvitaṃ dinnan” ti kāḷakānaṃ tattha nivāpaṃ paṭṭhapesi, abhayaghosanañca ghosāpesi. Tasmā taṃ tato pabhuti “kalandakanivāpo” ti saṅkhaṃ gataṃ.

Sabhiyassa paribbājakassā ti sabhiyo ti tassa nāmaṃ, paribbājako ti bāhira pabbajjaṃ upādāya vuccati. Purāṇasālohitāya devatāyā ti na mātā na pitā, apica kho panassa mātā viya pitā viya ca hitajjhāsayattā so devaputto “purāṇasālohitā devatā” ti vutto. Parinibbute kira kassape Bhagavati patiṭṭhite suvaṇṇacetiye tayo kulaputtā sammukhasāvakānaṃ santike pabbajitvā cariyānurūpāni kammaṭṭhānāni gahetvā paccantajanapadaṃ gantvā araññāyatane samaṇadhammaṃ karonti, antarantarā ca cetiyavandanatthāya dhammassavanatthāya ca nagaraṃ gacchanti. Aparena ca samayena tāvatakampi araññe vippavāsaṃ arocayamānā tattheva appamattā vihariṃsu, evaṃ viharantāpi na ca kiñci visesaṃ adhigamiṃsu. Tato nesaṃ ahosi “mayaṃ piṇḍāya gacchantā jīvite sāpekkhā homa, jīvite sāpekkhena ca na sakkā lokuttaradhammo adhigantuṃ, puthujjanakālakiriyāpi dukkhā, handa mayaṃ nisseṇiṃ bandhitvā pabbataṃ abhiruyha kāye ca jīvite ca anapekkhā samaṇadhammaṃ karomā” ti. Te tathā akaṃsu.

Atha nesaṃ mahāthero upanissayasampannattā tadaheva chaḷabhiññāparivāraṃ arahattaṃ sacchākāsi. So iddhiyā himavantaṃ gantvā Anotatte mukhaṃ dhovitvā uttarakurūsu piṇḍāya caritvā katabhattakicco puna aññampi padesaṃ gantvā pattaṃ pūretvā anotattaudakañca nāgalatādantapoṇañca gahetvā tesaṃ santikaṃ āgantvā āha “passathāvuso mamānubhāvaṃ, ayaṃ uttarakuruto piṇḍapāto, idaṃ himavantato udakadantapoṇaṃ ābhataṃ, imaṃ bhuñjitvā samaṇadhammaṃ karotha, evāhaṃ tumhe sadā upaṭṭhahissāmī” ti. Te taṃ sutvā āhaṃsu “tumhe, bhante, katakiccā, tumhehi saha sallāpamattampi amhākaṃ papañco, mā dāni tumhe puna amhākaṃ santikaṃ āgamitthā” ti. So kenaci pariyāyena te sampaṭicchāpetuṃ asakkonto pakkāmi.

Tato tesaṃ eko dvīhatīhaccayena pañcābhiñño anāgāmī ahosi. Sopi tatheva akāsi, itarena ca paṭikkhitto tatheva agamāsi. So taṃ paṭikkhipitvā vāyamanto pabbataṃ āruhanadivasato sattame divase kiñci visesaṃ anadhigantvāva kālakato devaloke nibbatti. Khīṇāsavattheropi taṃ divasameva parinibbāyi, anāgāmī suddhāvāsesu uppajji. Devaputto chasu kāmāvacaradevalokesu anulomapaṭilomena dibbasampattiṃ anubhavitvā amhākaṃ Bhagavato kāle devalokā cavitvā aññatarissā paribbājikāya kucchimhi paṭisandhiṃ aggahesi. Sā kira aññatarassa khattiyassa dhītā, taṃ mātāpitaro “amhākaṃ dhītā samayantaraṃ jānātū” ti ekassa paribbājakassa niyyātesuṃ. Tasseko antevāsiko paribbājako tāya saddhiṃ vippaṭipajji. Sā tena gabbhaṃ gaṇhi. Taṃ gabbhiniṃ disvā paribbājikā nikkaḍḍhiṃsu. Sā aññattha gacchantī antarāmagge sabhāyaṃ vijāyi, tenassa “sabhiyo” tveva nāmaṃ akāsi. Sopi sabhiyo vaḍḍhitvā paribbājakapabbajjaṃ pabbajitvā nānāsatthāni uggahetvā mahāvādī hutvā vādakkhittatāya sakalajambudīpe vicaranto attano sadisaṃ vādiṃ adisvā nagaradvāre assamaṃ kārāpetvā khattiyakumārādayo sippaṃ sikkhāpento tattha vasati.

Atha Bhagavā pavattitavaradhammacakko anupubbena rājagahaṃ āgantvā veḷuvane viharati kalandakanivāpe. Sabhiyo pana buddhuppādaṃ na jānāti. Atha so suddhāvāsabrahmā samāpattito vuṭṭhāya “imāhaṃ visesaṃ kassānubhāvena patto” ti āvajjento kassapassa Bhagavato sāsane samaṇadhammakiriyaṃ te ca sahāye anussaritvā “tesu eko parinibbuto, eko idāni katthā” ti āvajjento “devalokā cavitvā jambudīpe uppanno buddhuppādampi na jānātī” ti ñatvā “handa naṃ buddhupasevanāya niyojemī” ti vīsati pañhe abhisaṅkharitvā rattibhāge tassa assamamāgamma ākāse ṭhatvā “sabhiya, sabhiyā” ti pakkosi. So niddāyamāno tikkhattuṃ taṃ saddaṃ sutvā nikkhamma obhāsaṃ disvā pañjaliko aṭṭhāsi. Tato taṃ brahmā āha “ahaṃ sabhiya tavatthāya vīsati pañhe āhariṃ, te tvaṃ uggaṇha. Yo ca te samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā ime pañhe puṭṭho byākaroti, tassa santike brahmacariyaṃ careyyāsī” ti. Imaṃ devaputtaṃ sandhāyetaṃ vuttaṃ “purāṇasālohitāya devatāya pañhā uddiṭṭhā hontī” ti. Uddiṭṭhā ti uddesamatteneva vuttā, na vibhaṅgena.

Evaṃ vutte ca ne sabhiyo ekavacaneneva padapaṭipāṭiyā uggahesi. Atha so brahmā jānantopi tassa buddhuppādaṃ nācikkhi. “Atthaṃ gavesamāno paribbājako sayameva satthāraṃ ñassati. Ito bahiddhā ca samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ tucchabhāvan” ti iminā panādhippāyena evamāha “yo te sabhiya…pe… careyyāsī” ti. Theragāthāsu pana catukkanipāte sabhiyattherāpadānaṃ vaṇṇentā bhaṇanti “sā c’assa mātā attano vippaṭipattiṃ cintetvā taṃ jigucchamānā jhānaṃ uppādetvā brahmaloke uppannā, tāya brahmadevatāya te pañhā uddiṭṭhā” ti.

Ye te ti idāni vattabbānaṃ uddesapaccuddeso. Samaṇabrāhmaṇā ti pabbajjūpagamanena lokasammutiyā ca samaṇā ceva brāhmaṇā ca. Saṅghino ti gaṇavanto. Gaṇino ti satthāro, “sabbaññuno mayan” ti evaṃ paṭiññātāro. Gaṇācariyā ti uddesaparipucchādivasena pabbajitagahaṭṭhagaṇassa ācariyā. Ñātā ti abhiññātā, vissutā pākaṭāti vuttaṃ hoti. Yasassino ti lābhaparivārasampannā. Titthakarā ti tesaṃ diṭṭhānugatiṃ āpajjantehi otaritabbānaṃ ogāhitabbānaṃ diṭṭhititthānaṃ kattāro. Sādhusammatā bahujanassā ti “sādhavo ete santo sappurisā” ti evaṃ bahujanassa sammatā.

Seyyathidan ti katame teti ce-iccetasmiṃ atthe nipāto. Pūraṇo ti nāmaṃ, kassapo ti gottaṃ. So kira jātiyā dāso, dāsasataṃ pūrento jāto. Tenassa “pūraṇo” ti nāmamakaṃsu. Palāyitvā pana naggesu pabbajitvā “kassapo ahan” ti gottaṃ uddisi, sabbaññutañca paccaññāsi. Makkhalī ti nāmaṃ, gosālāya jātattā gosālo ti pi vuccati. Sopi kira jātiyā dāso eva, palāyitvā pabbaji, sabbaññutañca paccaññāsi. Ajito ti nāmaṃ, appicchatāya kesakambalaṃ dhāreti, tena kesakambalo ti pi vuccati, sopi sabbaññutaṃ paccaññāsi. Pakudho ti nāmaṃ, kaccāyano ti gottaṃ. Appicchavasena udake jīvasaññāya ca nhānamukhadhovanādi paṭikkhitto, sopi sabbaññutaṃ paccaññāsi. Sañcayo ti nāmaṃ, belaṭṭho panassa pitā, tasmā belaṭṭhaputto ti vuccati, sopi sabbaññutaṃ paccaññāsi. Nigaṇṭho ti pabbajjānāmena, nāṭaputto ti pitunāmena vuccati. Nāṭoti kira nāmassa pitā, tassa puttoti nāṭaputto, sopi sabbaññutaṃ paccaññāsi. Sabbepi pañcasatapañcasatasissaparivārā ahesuṃ. Te ti te cha satthāro. Te pañhe ti te vīsati pañhe. Te ti te cha satthāro. Na sampāyantī ti na sampādenti. Kopan ti cittacetasikānaṃ āvilabhāvaṃ. Dosan ti paduṭṭhacittataṃ, tadubhayampetaṃ mandatikkhabhedassa kodhassevādhivacanaṃ. Appaccayan ti appatītatā, domanassanti vuttaṃ hoti. Pātukarontī ti kāyavacīvikārena pakāsenti, pākaṭaṃ karonti.

Hīnāyā ti gahaṭṭhabhāvāya. Gahaṭṭhabhāvo hi pabbajjaṃ upanidhāya sīlādiguṇahīnato hīnakāmasukhapaṭisevanato vā “hīno” ti vuccati. Uccā pabbajjā. Āvattitvā ti osakkitvā. Kāme paribhuñjeyyan ti kāme paṭiseveyyaṃ. Iti kirassa sabbaññupaṭiññānampi pabbajitānaṃ tucchakattaṃ disvā ahosi. Uppannaparivitakkavaseneva ca āgantvā punappunaṃ vīmaṃsamānassa atha kho sabhiyassa paribbājakassa etad ahosi “ayampi kho samaṇo” ti ca “yepi kho te bhonto” ti ca “samaṇo kho daharoti na uññātabbo” ti cāti evam ādi. Tattha jiṇṇā ti ādīni padāni vuttanayāneva. Therā ti attano samaṇadhamme thirabhāvappattā. Rattaññū ti ratanaññū, “nibbānaratanaṃ jānāma mayan” ti evaṃ sakāya paṭiññāya lokenāpi sammatā, bahurattividū vā. Ciraṃ pabbajitānaṃ etesanti cirapabbajitā. Na uññātabbo ti na avajānitabbo, na nīcaṃ katvā jānitabboti vuttaṃ hoti. Na paribhotabbo ti na paribhavitabbo, “kimesa ñassatī” ti evaṃ na gahetabboti vuttaṃ hoti.

516

Kaṅkhī vecikicchī ti sabhiyo Bhagavatā saddhiṃ sammodamāno evaṃ Bhagavato rūpasampattidamūpasamasūcitaṃ sabbaññutaṃ sambhāvayamāno vigatuddhacco hutvā āha “kaṅkhī vecikicchī” ti. Tattha “labheyyaṃ nu kho imesaṃ byākaraṇan” ti evaṃ pañhānaṃ byākaraṇakaṅkhāya kaṅkhī. “Ko nu kho imassimassa ca pañhassa attho” ti evaṃ vicikicchāya vecikicchī. Dubbalavicikicchāya vā tesaṃ pañhānaṃ atthe kaṅkhanato kaṅkhī, balavatiyā vicinanto kicchatiyeva, na sakkoti sanniṭṭhātunti vecikicchī. Abhikaṅkhamāno ti ativiya patthayamāno. Tesantakaro ti tesaṃ pañhānaṃ antakaro. Bhavantova evaṃ bhavāhīti dassento āha “pañhe me puṭṭho…pe… byākarohi me” ti. Tattha pañhe me ti pañhe mayā. Puṭṭho ti pucchito. Anupubban ti pañhapaṭipāṭiyā anudhamman ti atthānurūpaṃ pāḷiṃ āropento. Byākarohi me ti mayhaṃ byākarohi.

517

Dūrato ti so kira ito c’ito cāhiṇḍanto sattayojanasatamaggato āgato. Tenāha Bhagavā “dūrato āgatosī” ti, kassapassa Bhagavato vā sāsanato āgatattā “dūrato āgatosī” ti naṃ āha.

518

Puccha man ti imāya panassa gāthāya sabbaññupavāraṇaṃ pavāreti. Tattha manasicchasī ti manasā icchasi.

Yaṃ vatāhan ti yaṃ vata ahaṃ. Attamano ti pītipāmojjasomanassehi phuṭacitto. Udaggo ti kāyena cittena ca abbhunnato. Idaṃ pana padaṃ na sabbapāṭhesu atthi. Idāni yehi dhammehi attamano, te dassento āha “pamudito pītisomanassajāto” ti.

519

Kiṃ pattinan ti kiṃ pattaṃ kimadhigataṃ. Soratan ti suvūpasantaṃ. “Suratan” ti pi pāṭho, suṭṭhu uparatanti attho. Dantan ti damitaṃ. Buddho ti vibuddho, buddhaboddhabbo vā. Evaṃ sabhiyo ekekāya gāthāya cattāro cattāro katvā pañcahi gāthāhi vīsati pañhe pucchi. Bhagavā panassa ekamekaṃ pañhaṃ ekamekāya gāthāya katvā arahattanikūṭen’eva vīsatiyā gāthāhi byākāsi.

520

Tattha yasmā bhinnakileso paramatthabhikkhu, so ca nibbānappatto hoti, tasmā assa “kiṃ pattinamāhu bhikkhunan” ti imaṃ pañhaṃ byākaronto “pajjenā” ti ādim āha. Tassattho yo attanā bhāvitena maggena parinibbānagato kilesaparinibbānaṃ patto, parinibbānagatattā eva ca vitiṇṇakaṅkho vipattisampattihānibuddhiucchedasassataapuññapuññabhedaṃ vibhavañca bhavañca vippahāya, maggavāsaṃ vusitavā khīṇapunabbhavo ti ca etesaṃ thutivacanānaṃ araho, so bhikkhūti.

521

Yasmā pana vippaṭipattito suṭṭhu uparatabhāvena nānappakārakilesavūpasamena ca sorato hoti, tasmā tam atthaṃ dassento “sabbattha upekkhako” ti ādinā nayena dutiyapañhabyākaraṇam āha. Tassattho yo sabbattha rūpādīsu ārammaṇesu “cakkhunā rūpaṃ disvā neva sumano hoti, na dummano” ti evaṃ pavattāya chaḷaṅgupekkhāya upekkhako, vepullappattāya satiyā satimā, na so hiṃsati neva hiṃsati kañci tasathāvarādibhedaṃ sattaṃ sabbaloke sabbasmimpi loke, tiṇṇoghattā tiṇṇo, samitapāpattā samaṇo, āvilasaṅkappappahānā anāvilo. Yassa cime rāgadosamohamānadiṭṭhikilesaduccaritasaṅkhātā sattussadā keci oḷārikā vā sukhumā vā na santi, so imāya upekkhāvihāritāya sativepullatāya ahiṃsakatāya ca vippaṭipattito suṭṭhu uparatabhāvena iminā oghādinānappakārakilesavūpasamena ca sorato ti.

522

Yasmā ca bhāvitindriyo nibbhayo nibbikāro danto hoti, tasmā tam atthaṃ dassento “yassindriyānī” ti gāthāya tatiyapañhaṃ byākāsi. Tassattho yassa cakkhādīni chaḷindriyāni gocarabhāvanāya aniccāditilakkhaṇaṃ āropetvā vāsanābhāvanāya satisampajaññagandhaṃ gāhāpetvā ca bhāvitāni, tāni ca kho yathā ajjhattaṃ gocarabhāvanāya, evaṃ pana bahiddhā ca sabbaloke ti yattha yattha indriyānaṃ vekallatā vekallatāya vā sambhavo, tattha tattha nābhijjhādivasena bhāvitānī ti evaṃ nibbijjha ñatvā paṭivijjhitvā imaṃ parañca lokaṃ sakasantatikkhandhalokaṃ parasantatikkhandhalokañca adandhamaraṇaṃ maritukāmo kālaṃ kaṅkhati, jīvitakkhayakālaṃ āgameti patimāneti, na bhāyati maraṇassa. Yathāha thero

“Maraṇe me bhayaṃ natthi, nikanti natthi jīvite”, (Theragā. 20),
“Nābhikaṅkhāmi maraṇaṃ, nābhikaṅkhāmi jīvitaṃ,
Kālañca paṭikaṅkhāmi, nibbisaṃ bhatako yathā” ti. (theragā. 606),

Bhāvito sa danto ti evaṃ bhāvitindriyo so dantoti.

523

Yasmā pana buddho nāma buddhisampanno kilesaniddā vibuddho ca, tasmā tam atthaṃ dassento “kappānī” ti gāthāya catutthapañhaṃ byākāsi. Tattha kappānī ti taṇhādiṭṭhiyo. Tā hi tathā tathā vikappanato “kappānī” ti vuccanti. Viceyyā ti aniccādibhāvena sammasitvā. Kevalānī ti sakalāni. Saṃsāran ti yo cāyaṃ

“Khandhānañca paṭipāṭi, dhātuāyatanāna ca,
Abbocchinnaṃ vattamānā, saṃsāroti pavuccatī” ti.

Evaṃ khandhādipaṭipāṭisaṅkhāto saṃsāro, taṃ saṃsārañca kevalaṃ viceyya. Ettāvatā khandhānaṃ mūlabhūtesu kammakilesesu khandhesu cāti evaṃ tīsupi vaṭṭesu vipassanaṃ āha. Dubhayaṃ cutūpapātan ti sattānaṃ cutiṃ upapātanti imañca ubhayaṃ viceyya ñatvāti attho. Etena cutūpapātañāṇaṃ āha. Vigatarajamanaṅgaṇaṃ visuddhan ti rāgādirajānaṃ vigamā aṅgaṇānaṃ abhāvā malānañca vigamā vigatarajamanaṅgaṇaṃ visuddhaṃ. Pattaṃ jātikhayan ti nibbānaṃ pattaṃ. Tamāhu buddhan ti taṃ imāya lokuttaravipassanāya cutūpapātañāṇabhedāya buddhiyā sampannattā imāya ca vigatarajāditāya kilesaniddā vibuddhattā tāya paṭipadāya jātikkhayaṃ pattaṃ buddhamāhu.

Atha vā kappāni viceyya kevalānī ti “anekepi saṃvaṭṭavivaṭṭakappe amutrāsin” ti ādinā (itivu. 99, pārā. 12) nayena vicinitvāti attho. Etena paṭhamavijjam āha. Saṃsāraṃ dubhayaṃ cutūpapātan ti sattānaṃ cutiṃ upapātanti imañca ubhayaṃ saṃsāraṃ “ime vata bhonto sattā” ti ādinā nayena vicinitvāti attho. Etena dutiyavijjam āha. Avasesena tatiyavijjam āha. Āsavakkhayañāṇena hi vigatarajāditā ca nibbānappatti ca hotīti. Tamāhu buddhan ti evaṃ vijjattayabhedabuddhisampannaṃ taṃ buddhamāhūti.

525

Evaṃ paṭhamagāthāya vuttapañhe vissajjetvā dutiyagāthāya vuttapañhesupi yasmā brahmabhāvaṃ seṭṭhabhāvaṃ patto paramatthabrāhmaṇo bāhitasabbapāpo hoti, tasmā tam atthaṃ dassento “bāhitvā” ti gāthāya paṭhamaṃ pañhaṃ byākāsi. Tassattho yo catutthamaggena bāhitvā sabbapāpakāni ṭhitatto, ṭhito icceva vuttaṃ hoti. Bāhitapāpattā eva ca vimalo, vimalabhāvaṃ brahmabhāvaṃ seṭṭhabhāvaṃ patto, paṭippassaddhasamādhivikkhepakarakilesamalena aggaphalasamādhinā sādhusamāhito, saṃsārahetusamatikkamena saṃsāramaticca pariniṭṭhitakiccatāya kevalī, so taṇhādiṭṭhīhi anissitattā asito, lokadhammehi nibbikārattā “tādī” ti ca pavuccati. Evaṃ thutiraho sa brahmā so brāhmaṇoti.

526

Yasmā pana samitapāpatāya samaṇo, nhātapāpatāya nhātako, āgūnaṃ akaraṇena ca nāgoti pavuccati, tasmā tam atthaṃ dassento tato aparāhi tīhi gāthāhi tayo pañhe byākāsi. Tattha samitāvī ti ariyamaggena kilese sametvā ṭhito. Samaṇo pavuccate tathattā ti tathārūpo samaṇo pavuccatīti. Ettāvatā pañho byākato hoti, sesaṃ tasmiṃ samaṇe sabhiyassa bahumānajananatthaṃ thutivacanaṃ. Yo hi samitāvī, so puññapāpānaṃ apaṭisandhikaraṇena pahāya puññapāpaṃ rajānaṃ vigamena virajo, aniccādivasena ñatvā imaṃ parañca lokaṃ jātimaraṇaṃ upātivatto tādi ca hoti.

527

Ninhāya…pe… nhātako ti ettha pana yo ajjhattabahiddhāsaṅkhāte sabbasmimpi āyatanaloke ajjhattabahiddhārammaṇavasena uppattirahāni sabbapāpakāni maggañāṇena ninhāya dhovitvā tāya ninhātapāpakatāya taṇhādiṭṭhikappehi kappiyesu devamanussesu kappaṃ na eti, taṃ nhātakamāhūti evamattho daṭṭhabbo.

528

Catutthagāthāyapi āguṃ na karoti kiñci loke ti yo loke appamattakampi pāpasaṅkhātaṃ āguṃ na karoti, nāgo pavuccate tathattāti. Ettāvatā pañho byākato hoti, sesaṃ pubbanayen’eva thutivacanaṃ. Yo hi maggena pahīnaāguttā āguṃ na karoti, so kāmayogādike sabbayoge dasasaññojanabhedāni ca sabbabandhanāni visajja jahitvā sabbattha khandhādīsu kenaci saṅgena na sajjati, dvīhi ca vimuttīhi vimutto, tādi ca hotīti.

530

Evaṃ dutiyagāthāya vuttapañhe vissajjetvā tatiyagāthāya vuttapañhesupi yasmā “khettānī” ti āyatanāni vuccanti. Yathāha “cakkhupetaṃ cakkhāyatanaṃpetaṃ…pe… khettampetaṃ vatthupetan” ti (dha. sa. 596-598). Tāni vijeyya vijetvā abhibhavitvā, viceyya vā aniccādibhāvena vicinitvā upaparikkhitvā kevalāni anavasesāni, visesato pana saṅgahetubhūtaṃ dibbaṃ mānusakañca brahmakhettaṃ, yaṃ dibbaṃ dvādasāyatanabhedaṃ tathā mānusakañca, yañca brahmakhettaṃ chaḷāyatane cakkhāyatanādidvādasāyatanabhedaṃ, taṃ sabbampi vijeyya viceyya vā. Yato yadetaṃ sabbesaṃ khettānaṃ mūlabandhanaṃ avijjābhavataṇhādi, tasmā sabbakhettamūlabandhanā pamutto. Evametesaṃ khettānaṃ vijitattā vicinitattā vā khettajino nāma hoti, tasmā “khettānī” ti imāya gāthāya paṭhamapañhaṃ byākāsi. Tattha keci “kammaṃ khettaṃ, viññāṇaṃ bījaṃ, taṇhā sneho” ti (a. ni. 3.77) vacanato kammāni khettānīti vadanti. Dibbaṃ mānusakañca brahmakhettan ti ettha ca devūpagaṃ kammaṃ dibbaṃ, manussūpagaṃ kammaṃ mānusakaṃ, brahmūpagaṃ kammaṃ brahmakhettanti vaṇṇayanti. Sesaṃ vuttanayameva.

531

Yasmā pana sakaṭṭhena kosasadisattā “kosānī” ti kammāni vuccanti, tesañca lunanā samucchedanā kusalo hoti, tasmā tam atthaṃ dassento “kosānī” ti gāthāya dutiyapañhaṃ byākāsi. Tassattho lokiyalokuttaravipassanāya visayato kiccato ca aniccādibhāvena kusalākusalakammasaṅkhātāni kosāni viceyya kevalāni, visesato pana saṅgahetubhūtaṃ aṭṭhakāmāvacarakusalacetanābhedaṃ dibbaṃ mānusakañca navamahaggatakusalacetanābhedañca brahmakosaṃ viceyya. Tato imāya maggabhāvanāya avijjābhavataṇhādibhedā sabbakosānaṃ mūlabandhanā pamutto, evametesaṃ kosānaṃ lunanā “kusalo” ti pavuccati, tathattā tādī ca hotīti. Atha vā sattānaṃ dhammānañca nivāsaṭṭhena asikosasadisattā “kosānī” ti tayo bhavā dvādasāyatanāni ca veditabbāni. Evamettha yojanā kātabbā.

532

Yasmā ca na kevalaṃ paṇḍatīti imināva “paṇḍito” ti vuccati, apica kho pana paṇḍarāni ito upagato pavicayapaññāya allīnotipi “paṇḍito” ti vuccati, tasmā tam atthaṃ dassento “dubhayānī” ti gāthāya tatiyapañhaṃ byākāsi. Tassattho ajjhattaṃ bahiddhā cā ti evaṃ ubhayāni aniccādibhāvena viceyya. Paṇḍarānī ti āyatanāni. Tāni hi pakatiparisuddhattā ruḷhiyā ca evaṃ vuccanti, tāni viceyya imāya paṭipattiyā niddhantamalattā suddhipañño paṇḍito ti pavuccati tathattā, yasmā tāni paṇḍarāni paññāya ito hoti, sesamassa thutivacanaṃ. So hi pāpapuññasaṅkhātaṃ kaṇhasukkaṃ upātivatto tādī ca hoti, tasmā evaṃ thuto.

533

Yasmā pana “monaṃ vuccati ñāṇaṃ, yā paññā pajānanā…pe… sammādiṭṭhi, tena ñāṇena samannāgato munī” ti vuttaṃ, tasmā tam atthaṃ dassento “asatañcā” ti gāthāya catutthapañhaṃ byākāsi. Tassattho yvāyaṃ akusalakusalappabhedo asatañca satañca dhammo, taṃ ajjhattaṃ bahiddhā ti imasmiṃ sabbaloke pavicayañāṇena asatañca satañca ñatvā dhammaṃ tassa ñātattā eva rāgādibhedato sattavidhaṃ saṅgaṃ taṇhādiṭṭhibhedato duvidhaṃ jālañca aticca atikkamitvā ṭhito. So tena monasaṅkhātena pavicayañāṇena samannāgatattā muni. Devamanussehi pūjanīyo ti idaṃ panassa thutivacanaṃ. So hi khīṇāsavamunittā devamanussānaṃ pūjāraho hoti, tasmā evaṃ thuto.

535

Evaṃ tatiyagāthāya vuttapañhe vissajjetvā catutthagāthāya vuttapañhesupi yasmā yo catūhi maggañāṇavedehi kilesakkhayaṃ karonto gato, so paramatthato vedagū nāma hoti. Yo ca sabbasamaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ satthasaññitāni vedāni, tāyeva maggabhāvanāya kiccato aniccādivasena viceyya. Tattha chandarāgappahānena tameva sabbaṃ vedamaticca yā vedapaccayā vā aññathā vā uppajjanti vedanā, tāsu sabbavedanāsu vītarāgo hoti, tasmā tam atthaṃ dassento “idaṃ pattinan” ti avatvā “vedānī” ti gāthāya paṭhamapañhaṃ byākāsi. Yasmā vā yo pavicayapaññāya vedāni viceyya, tattha chandarāgappahānena sabbaṃ vedamaticca vattati, so satthasaññitāni vedāni gato ñāto atikkanto ca hoti. Yo vedanāsu vītarāgo, sopi vedanāsaññitāni vedāni gato atikkanto ca hoti. Vedāni gatotipi vedagū, tasmā tampi atthaṃ dassento “idaṃ pattinan” ti avatvā imāya gāthāya paṭhamapañhaṃ byākāsi.

536

Yasmā pana dutiyapañhe “anuvidito” ti anubuddho vuccati, so ca anuvicca papañcanāmarūpaṃ ajjhattaṃ attano santāne taṇhāmānadiṭṭhibhedaṃ papañcaṃ tappaccayā nāmarūpañca aniccānupassanādīhi anuvicca anuviditvā, na kevalañca ajjhattaṃ, bahiddhā ca rogamūlaṃ, parasantāne ca imassa nāmarūparogassa mūlaṃ avijjābhavataṇhādiṃ, tameva vā papañcaṃ anuvicca tāya bhāvanāya sabbesaṃ rogānaṃ mūlabandhanā, sabbasmā vā rogānaṃ mūlabandhanā, avijjābhavataṇhādibhedā, tasmā eva vā papañcā pamutto hoti, tasmā taṃ dassento “anuviccā” ti gāthāya dutiyapañhaṃ byākāsi.

537

“Kathañca vīriyavā” ti ettha pana yasmā yo ariyamaggena sabbapāpakehi virato, tathā viratattā ca āyatiṃ apaṭisandhitāya nirayadukkhaṃ aticca ṭhito vīriyavāso vīriyaniketo, so khīṇāsavo “vīriyavā” ti vattabbataṃ arahati, tasmā tam atthaṃ dassento “virato” ti gāthāya tatiyapañhaṃ byākāsi. Padhānavā dhīro tādī ti imāni panassa thutivacanāni. So hi padhānavā maggajhānapadhānena, dhīro kilesārividdhaṃsanasamatthatāya, tādī nibbikāratāya, tasmā evaṃ thuto. Sesaṃ yojetvā vattabbaṃ.

538

“Ājāniyo kinti nāma hotī” ti ettha pana yasmā pahīnasabbavaṅkadoso kāraṇākāraṇaññū asso vā hatthī vā “ājāniyo hotī” ti loke vuccati, na ca tassa sabbaso te dosā pahīnā eva, khīṇāsavassa pana te pahīnā, tasmā so “ājāniyo” ti paramatthato vattabbataṃ arahatīti dassento “yassā” ti gāthāya catutthapañhaṃ byākāsi. Tassattho ajjhattaṃ bahiddhā cā ti evaṃ ajjhattabahiddhāsaññojanasaṅkhātāni yassa assu lunāni bandhanāni paññāsatthena chinnāni padālitāni. Saṅgamūlan ti yāni tesu tesu vatthūsu saṅgassa sajjanāya anatikkamanāya mūlaṃ honti, atha vā yassa assu lunāni rāgādīni bandhanāni yāni ajjhattaṃ bahiddhā ca saṅgamūlāni honti, so sabbasmā saṅgānaṃ mūlabhūtā sabbasaṅgānaṃ vā mūlabhūtā bandhanā pamutto “ājāniyo” ti vuccati, tathattā tādi ca hotīti.

540

Evaṃ catutthagāthāya vuttapañhe vissajjetvā pañcamagāthāya vuttapañhesupi yasmā yaṃ chandajjhenamattena akkharacintakā sottiyaṃ vaṇṇayanti, vohāramattasottiyo so. Ariyo pana bāhusaccena nissutapāpatāya ca paramatthasottiyo hoti, tasmā tam atthaṃ dassento “idaṃ pattinan” ti avatvā “sutvā” ti gāthāya paṭhamapañhaṃ byākāsi. Tassattho yo imasmiṃ loke sutamayapaññākiccavasena sutvā kātabbakiccavasena vā sutvā vipassanūpagaṃ sabbadhammaṃ aniccādivasena abhiññāya sāvajjānavajjaṃ yadatthi kiñci, imāya paṭipadāya kilese kilesaṭṭhāniye ca dhamme abhibhavitvā abhibhūti saṅkhaṃ gato, taṃ sutvā sabbadhammaṃ abhiññāya loke sāvajjānavajjaṃ yadatthi kiñci, abhibhuṃ sutavattā sottiyoti āhu. Yasmā ca yo akathaṃkathī kilesabandhanehi vimutto, rāgādīhi īghehi anīgho ca hoti sabbadhi sabbesu dhammesu khandhāyatanādīsu, tasmā taṃ akathaṃkathiṃ vimuttaṃ anīghaṃ sabbadhi nissutapāpakattāpi “sottiyo” ti āhūti.

541

Yasmā pana hitakāmena janena araṇīyato ariyo hoti, abhigamanīyatoti attho. Tasmā yehi guṇehi so araṇīyo hoti, te dassentā “chetvā” ti gāthāya dutiyapañhaṃ byākāsi. Tassattho cattāri āsavāni dve ca ālayāni paññāsatthena chetvā vidvā viññū vibhāvī catumaggañāṇī so punabbhavavasena na upeti gabbhaseyyaṃ, kañci yoniṃ na upagacchati, kāmādibhedañca saññaṃ tividhaṃ. Kāmaguṇasaṅkhātañca paṅkaṃ panujja panuditvā taṇhādiṭṭhikappānaṃ aññatarampi kappaṃ na eti, evaṃ āsavacchedādiguṇasamannāgataṃ tamāhu ariyo ti. Yasmā vā pāpakehi ārakattā ariyo hoti anaye ca anirīyanā, tasmā tampi atthaṃ dassento imāya gāthāya dutiyapañhaṃ byākāsi. Āsavādayo hi pāpakā dhammā anayasammatā, te cānena chinnā panunnā, na ca tehi kampati, icc-assa te ārakā honti, na ca tesu irīyati tasmā ārakāssa honti pāpakā dhammāti imināpatthena. Anaye na irīyatīti imināpatthena tamāhu ariyoti ca evampettha yojanā veditabbā. “Vidvā so na upeti gabbhaseyyan” ti idaṃ pana imasmiṃ atthavikappe thutivacanameva hoti.

542

“Kathaṃ caraṇavā” ti ettha pana yasmā caraṇehi pattabbaṃ patto “caraṇavā” ti vattabbataṃ arahati, tasmā taṃ dassento “yo idhā” ti gāthāya tatiyapañhaṃ byākāsi. Tattha yo idhā ti yo imasmiṃ sāsane. Caraṇesū ti sīlādīsu hemavatasutte (su. ni. 153 ādayo) vuttapannarasadhammesu. Nimittatthe bhummavacanaṃ. Pattipatto ti pattabbaṃ patto. Yo caraṇanimittaṃ caraṇahetu caraṇapaccayā pattabbaṃ arahattaṃ pattoti vuttaṃ hoti. Caraṇavā so ti so imāya caraṇehi pattabbapattiyā caraṇavā hotīti. Ettāvatā pañho byākato hoti, sesamassa thutivacanaṃ. Yo hi caraṇehi pattipatto, so kusalo ca hoti cheko, sabbadā ca ājānāti nibbānadhammaṃ, niccaṃ nibbānaninnacittatāya sabbattha ca khandhādīsu na sajjati. Dvīhi ca vimuttīhi vimuttacitto hoti, paṭighā yassa na santī ti.

543

Yasmā pana kammādīnaṃ paribbājanena paribbājako nāma hoti, tasmā tam atthaṃ dassento “dukkhavepakkan” ti gāthāya catutthapañhaṃ byākāsi. Tattha vipāko eva vepakkaṃ, dukkhaṃ vepakkamassāti dukkhavepakkaṃ. Pavattidukkhajananato sabbampi tedhātukakammaṃ vuccati. Uddhan ti atītaṃ. Adho ti anāgataṃ. Tiriyaṃ vāpi majjhe ti paccuppannaṃ. Tañhi na uddhaṃ na adho, tiriyaṃ ubhinnañca antarā, tena “majjhe” ti vuttaṃ. Paribbājayitvā ti nikkhāmetvā niddhametvā. Pariññacārī ti paññāya paricchinditvā caranto. Ayaṃ tāva apubbapadavaṇṇanā. Ayaṃ pana adhippāyayojanā yo tiyaddhapariyāpannampi dukkhajanakaṃ yadatthi kiñci kammaṃ, taṃ sabbampi ariyamaggena taṇhāvijjāsinehe sosento apaṭisandhijanakabhāvakaraṇena paribbājayitvā tathā paribbājitattā eva ca taṃ kammaṃ pariññāya caraṇato pariññacārī. Na kevalañca kammameva, māyaṃ mānamathopi lobhakodhaṃ imepi dhamme pahānapariññāya pariññacārī, pariyantamakāsi nāmarūpaṃ, nāmarūpassa ca pariyantamakāsi paribbājesi iccevattho. Imesaṃ kammādīnaṃ paribbājanena taṃ paribbājakamāhu. Pattipattanti idaṃ panassa thutivacanaṃ.

544

Evaṃ pañhabyākaraṇena tuṭṭhassa pana sabhiyassa “yāni ca tīṇī” ti ādīsu abhitthavanagāthāsu osaraṇānī ti ogahaṇāni titthāni, diṭṭhiyoti attho. Tāni yasmā sakkāyadiṭṭhiyā saha brahmajāle vuttadvāsaṭṭhidiṭṭhigatāni gahetvā tesaṭṭhi honti, yasmā ca tāni aññatitthiyasamaṇānaṃ pavādabhūtāni satthāni sitāni upadisitabbavasena, na uppattivasena. Uppattivasena pana yadetaṃ “itthī puriso” ti saññakkharaṃ vohāranāmaṃ, yā cāyaṃ micchāparivitakkānussavādivasena “evarūpena attanā bhavitabban” ti bālānaṃ viparītasaññā uppajjati, tadubhayanissitāni tesaṃ vasena uppajjanti, na attapaccakkhāni. Tāni ca Bhagavā vineyya vinayitvā oghatamagā oghatamaṃ oghandhakāraṃ agā atikkanto. “Oghantamagā” ti pi pāṭho, oghānaṃ antaṃ agā, tasmā āha “yāni ca tīṇi…pe… tamagā” ti.

545

Tato paraṃ vaṭṭadukkhassa antaṃ pārañca nibbānaṃ tappattiyā dukkhābhāvato tappaṭipakkhato ca taṃ sandhāyāha, “antagūsi pāragū dukkhassā” ti. Atha vā pāragū Bhagavā nibbānaṃ gatattā, taṃ ālapanto āha, “pāragū antagūsi dukkhassā” ti ayamettha sambandho. Sammā ca buddho sāmañca buddhoti sammāsambuddho. Taṃ maññe ti tameva maññāmi, na aññanti accādarena bhaṇati. Jutimā ti paresampi andhakāravidhamanena jutisampanno. Mutimā ti aparappaccayañeyyañāṇasamatthāya mutiyā paññāya sampanno. Pahūtapañño ti anantapañño. Idha sabbaññutaññāṇamadhippetaṃ. Dukkhassantakarā ti āmantento āha. Atāresi man ti kaṅkhāto maṃ tāresi.

546-9

Yaṃ me ti ādigāthāya namakkārakaraṇaṃ bhaṇati. Tattha kaṅkhittan ti vīsatipañhanissitaṃ atthaṃ sandhāyāha. So hi tena kaṅkhito ahosi. Monapathesū ti ñāṇapathesu. Vinaḷīkatā ti vigatanaḷā katā, ucchinnāti vuttaṃ hoti. Nāga nāgassā ti ekaṃ āmantanavacanaṃ, ekassa “bhāsato anumodantī” ti iminā sambandho. “Dhammadesanan” ti pāṭhaseso. Sabbe devā ti ākāsaṭṭhā ca bhūmaṭṭhā ca. Nāradapabbatā ti tepi kira dve devagaṇā paññavanto, tepi anumodantīti sabbaṃ pasādena ca namakkārakaraṇaṃ bhaṇati.

550-53

Anumodanārahaṃ byākaraṇasampadaṃ sutvā “namo te” ti añjaliṃ paggahetvā āha. Purisājaññā ti purisesu jātisampannaṃ. Paṭipuggalo ti paṭibhāgo puggalo tuvaṃ buddho catusaccapaṭivedhena, satthā anusāsaniyā satthavāhatāya ca, mārābhibhū catumārābhibhavena, muni buddhamuni. Upadhī ti khandhakilesakāmaguṇābhisaṅkhārabhedā cattāro. Vaggū ti abhirūpaṃ. Puññe cā ti lokiye na limpasi tesaṃ akaraṇena, pubbe katānampi vā āyatiṃ phalūpabhogābhāvena. Taṃnimittena vā taṇhādiṭṭhilepena. Vandati satthuno ti evaṃ bhaṇanto gopphakesu pariggahetvā pañcapatiṭṭhitaṃ vandi.

Aññatitthiyapubbo ti aññatitthiyo eva. Ākaṅkhatī ti icchati. Āraddhacittā ti abhirādhitacittā. Api ca mettha puggalavemattatā viditā ti apica mayā ettha aññatitthiyānaṃ parivāse puggalanānattaṃ viditaṃ, na sabbeneva parivasitabbanti. Kena pana na parivasitabbaṃ? Aggiyehi jaṭilehi, sākiyena jātiyā, liṅgaṃ vijahitvā āgatena. Avijahitvā āgatopi ca yo maggaphalapaṭilābhāya hetusampanno hoti, tādisova sabhiyo paribbājako. Tasmā Bhagavā “tava pana, sabhiya, titthiyavattapūraṇatthāya parivāsakāraṇaṃ natthi, atthatthiko tvaṃ ‘maggaphalapaṭilābhāya hetusampanno’ti viditametaṃ mayā” ti tassa pabbajjaṃ anujānanto āha “apica mettha puggalavemattatā viditā” ti. Sabhiyo pana attano ādaraṃ dassento āha “sace bhante” ti. Taṃ sabbaṃ aññañca tathārūpaṃ uttānatthattā pubbe vuttanayattā ca idha na vaṇṇitaṃ, yato pubbe vaṇṇitānusārena veditabbanti.