那罗迦经注

Nālakasuttavaṇṇanā

685

Ānandajāte ti Nālakasuttaṃ. Kā uppatti? Padumuttarassa kira Bhagavato sāvakaṃ moneyyapaṭipadaṃ paṭipannaṃ disvā tathattaṃ abhikaṅkhamāno tato pabhuti kappasatasahassaṃ pāramiyo pūretvā asitassa isino bhāgineyyo nālako nāma tāpaso Bhagavantaṃ dhammacakkappavattitadivasato sattame divase “aññātametan” ti ādīhi dvīhi gāthāhi moneyyapaṭipadaṃ pucchi. Tassa Bhagavā “moneyyaṃ te upaññissan” ti ādinā nayena taṃ byākāsi. Parinibbute pana Bhagavati saṅgītiṃ karontenāyasmatā mahākassapena āyasmā Ānando tameva moneyyapaṭipadaṃ puṭṭho yena yadā ca samādapito nālako Bhagavantaṃ pucchi. Taṃ sabbaṃ pākaṭaṃ katvā dassetukāmo “ānandajāte” ti ādikā vīsati vatthugāthāyo vatvā abhāsi. Taṃ sabbampi “nālakasuttan” ti vuccati.

Tattha ānandajāte ti samiddhijāte vuddhippatte. Patīte ti tuṭṭhe. Atha vā ānandajāte ti pamudite. Patīte ti somanassajāte. Sucivasane ti akiliṭṭhavasane. Devānañhi kapparukkhanibbattāni vasanāni rajaṃ vā malaṃ vā na gaṇhanti. Dussaṃ gahetvā ti idha dussasadisattā “dussan” ti laddhavohāraṃ dibbavatthaṃ ukkhipitvā. Asito isī ti kaṇhasarīravaṇṇattā evaṃladdhanāmo isi. Divāvihāre ti divāvihāraṭṭhāne. Sesaṃ padato uttānam eva.

Sambandhato pana ayaṃ kira suddhodanassa pitu sīhahanurañño purohito suddhodanassapi anabhisittakāle sippācariyo hutvā abhisittakāle purohitoyeva ahosi. Tassa sāyaṃ pātaṃ rājupaṭṭhānaṃ āgatassa rājā daharakāle viya nipaccakāraṃ akatvā añjalikammamattameva karoti. Dhammatā kiresā pattābhisekānaṃ sakyarājūnaṃ. Purohito tena nibbijjitvā “pabbajjāmahaṃ mahārājā” ti āha. Rājā tassa nicchayaṃ ñatvā “tena hi, ācariya, mameva uyyāne vasitabbaṃ, yathā te ahaṃ abhiṇhaṃ passeyyan” ti yāci. So “evaṃ hotū” ti paṭissuṇitvā tāpasapabbajjaṃ pabbajitvā raññā upaṭṭhahiyamāno uyyāneyeva vasanto kasiṇaparikammaṃ katvā aṭṭha samāpattiyo pañcābhiññāyo ca nibbattesi. So tato pabhuti rājakule bhattakiccaṃ katvā himavantacātumahārājikabhavanādīnaṃ aññataraṃ gantvā divāvihāraṃ karoti. Athekadivasaṃ tāvatiṃsabhavanaṃ gantvā ratanavimānaṃ pavisitvā dibbaratanapallaṅke nisinno samādhisukhaṃ anubhavitvā sāyanhasamayaṃ vuṭṭhāya vimānadvāre ṭhatvā ito c’ito ca vilokento saṭṭhiyojanāya mahāvīthiyā celukkhepaṃ katvā bodhisattaguṇapasaṃsitāni thutivacanāni vatvā kīḷante sakkappamukhe deve addasa. Tenāha āyasmā Ānando “ānandajāte…pe… divāvihāre” ti.

686

Tato so evaṃ disvāna deve…pe… kiṃ paṭicca. Tattha udagge ti abbhunnatakāye. Cittiṃ karitvānā ti ādaraṃ katvā. Kalyarūpo ti tuṭṭharūpo. Sesaṃ uttānatthameva.

687

Idāni “yadāpi āsī” ti ādigāthā uttānasambandhā eva. Padattho pana paṭhamagāthāya tāva saṅgamo ti saṅgāmo. Jayo surānan ti devānaṃ jayo.

Tassāvibhāvatthaṃ ayamanupubbikathā veditabbā sakko kira magadharaṭṭhe macalagāmavāsī tettiṃsamanussaseṭṭho magho nāma māṇavo hutvā satta vattapadāni pūretvā tāvatiṃsabhavane nibbatti saddhiṃ parisāya. Tato pubbadevā “āgantukadevaputtā āgatā, sakkāraṃ nesaṃ karissāmā” ti vatvā dibbapadumāni upanāmesuṃ, upaḍḍharajjena ca nimantesuṃ. Sakko upaḍḍharajjena asantuṭṭho sakaparisaṃ saññāpetvā ekadivasaṃ surāmadamatte te pāde gahetvā sinerupabbatapāde khipi. Tesaṃ sinerussa heṭṭhimatale dasasahassayojanaṃ asurabhavanaṃ nibbatti pāricchattakapaṭicchannabhūtāya citrapāṭaliyā upasobhitaṃ. Tato te satiṃ paṭilabhitvā tāvatiṃsabhavanaṃ apassantā “aho re naṭṭhā mayaṃ pānamadadosena, na dāni mayaṃ suraṃ pivimhā, asuraṃ pivimhā, na dānimhā surā, asurā dāni jātamhā” ti. Tato pabhuti “asurā”icceva uppannasamaññā hutvā “handa dāni devehi saddhiṃ saṅgāmemā” ti sineruṃ parito ārohiṃsu. Tato sakko asure yuddhena abbhuggantvā punapi samudde pakkhipitvā catūsu dvāresu attanā sadisaṃ indapaṭimaṃ māpetvā ṭhapesi. Tato asurā “appamatto vatāyaṃ sakko niccaṃ rakkhanto tiṭṭhatī” ti cintetvā punadeva nagaraṃ agamiṃsu. Tato devā attano jayaṃ ghosentā mahāvīthiyaṃ celukkhepaṃ karontā nakkhattaṃ kīḷiṃsu. Atha asito atītānāgate cattālīsakappe anussarituṃ samatthatāya “kiṃ nu kho imehi pubbepi evaṃ kīḷitapubban” ti āvajjento taṃ devāsurasaṅgāme devavijayaṃ disvā āha

“Yadāpi āsī asurehi saṅgamo,
Jayo surānaṃ asurā parājitā,
Tadāpi netādiso lomahaṃsano” ti.

Tasmimpi kāle etādiso lomahaṃsano pamodo na āsi. Kimabbhutaṃ daṭṭhu marū pamoditā ti ajja pana kiṃ abbhutaṃ disvā evaṃ devā pamuditāti.

688

Dutiyagāthāya seḷentī ti mukhena usseḷanasaddaṃ muñcanti. Gāyanti nānāvidhāni gītāni, vādayanti aṭṭhasaṭṭhi tūriyasahassāni, phoṭentī ti apphoṭenti. Pucchāmi vohan ti attanā āvajjetvā ñātuṃ samatthopi tesaṃ vacanaṃ sotukāmatāya pucchati. Merumuddhavāsine ti sinerumuddhani vasante. Sinerussa hi heṭṭhimatale dasayojanasahassaṃ asurabhavanaṃ, majjhimatale dvisahassaparittadīpaparivārā cattāro mahādīpā, uparimatale dasayojanasahassaṃ tāvatiṃsabhavanaṃ. Tasmā devā “merumuddhavāsino” ti vuccanti. Mārisā ti deve āmanteti, nidukkhā nirābādhāti vuttaṃ hoti.

689

Ath’assa tam atthaṃ ārocentehi devehi vuttāya tatiyagāthāya bodhisatto ti bujjhanakasatto, sammāsambodhiṃ gantuṃ araho satto ratanavaro ti vararatanabhūto. Tenamha tuṭṭhā ti tena kāraṇena mayaṃ tuṭṭhā. So hi buddhattaṃ patvā tathā dhammaṃ desessati, yathā mayañca aññe ca devagaṇā sekkhāsekkhabhūmiṃ pāpuṇissāma. Manussāpissa dhammaṃ sutvā ye na sakkhissanti parinibbātuṃ, te dānādīni katvā devaloke paripūressantīti ayaṃ kira nesaṃ adhippāyo. Tattha “tuṭṭhā kalyarūpā” ti kiñcāpi idaṃ padadvayaṃ atthato abhinnaṃ, tathāpi “kimabbhutaṃ daṭṭhu marū pamoditā, kiṃ devasaṅgho atiriva kalyarūpo” ti imassa pañhadvayassa vissajjanatthaṃ vuttanti veditabbaṃ.

690

Idāni yena adhippāyena bodhisatte jāte tuṭṭhā ahesuṃ, taṃ āvikarontehi vuttāya catutthagāthāya sattaggahaṇena devamanussaggahaṇaṃ, pajāgahaṇena sesagatiggahaṇaṃ. Evaṃ dvīhi padehi pañcasupi gatīsu seṭṭhabhāvaṃ dasseti. Tiracchānāpi hi sīhādayo asantāsādiguṇayuttā, tepi ayameva atiseti. Tasmā “pajānamuttamo” ti vutto. Devamanussesu pana ye attahitāya paṭipannādayo cattāro puggalā, tesu ubhayahitapaṭipanno aggapuggalo ayaṃ, naresu ca usabhasadisattā narāsabho. Tenassa thutiṃ bhaṇantā idampi padadvayamāhaṃsu.

691

Pañcamagāthāya taṃ saddan ti taṃ devehi vuttavacanasaddaṃ. Avasarī ti otari. Tada bhavanan ti tadā bhavanaṃ.

692

Chaṭṭhagāthāya tato ti asitassa vacanato anantaraṃ. Ukkāmukhevā ti ukkāmukhe eva, mūsāmukheti vuttaṃ hoti. Sukusalasampahaṭṭhan ti sukusalena suvaṇṇakārena saṅghaṭṭitaṃ, saṅghaṭṭentena tāpitanti adhippāyo. Daddallamānan ti vijjotamānaṃ. Asitavhayassā ti asitanāmassa dutiyena nāmena kaṇhadevilassa isino.

693

Sattamagāthāya tārāsabhaṃ vā ti tārānaṃ usabhasadisaṃ, candanti adhippāyo. Visuddhan ti abbhādiupakkilesarahitaṃ. Saradarivā ti sarade iva. Ānandajāto ti savanamatteneva uppannāya pītiyā pītijāto. Alattha pītin ti disvā punapi pītiṃ labhi.

694

Tato paraṃ bodhisattassa devehi sadā payujjamānasakkāradīpanatthaṃ vuttaaṭṭhamagāthāya anekasākhan ti anekasalākaṃ. Sahassamaṇḍalan ti rattasuvaṇṇamayasahassamaṇḍalayuttaṃ. Chattan ti dibbasetacchattaṃ. Vītipatantī ti sarīraṃ bījamānā patanuppatanaṃ karonti.

695

Navamagāthāya jaṭī ti jaṭilo. Kaṇhasirivhayo ti kaṇhasaddena ca sirisaddena ca avhayamāno. Taṃ kira “sirikaṇho” ti pi avhayanti āmantenti, ālapantīti vuttaṃ hoti. Paṇḍukambale ti rattakambale. Adhikārato cettha “kumāran” ti vattabbaṃ, pāṭhaseso vā kātabbo. Purimagāthāya ca ahatthapāsagataṃ sandhāya “disvā” ti vuttaṃ. Idha pana hatthapāsagataṃ paṭiggahaṇatthaṃ upanītaṃ, tasmā puna vacanaṃ “disvā” ti. Purimaṃ vā dassanapītilābhāpekkhaṃ gāthāvasāne “vipulamalattha pītin” ti vacanato, idaṃ paṭiggahāpekkhaṃ avasāne “sumano paṭiggahe” ti vacanato. Purimañca kumārasambandhameva, idaṃ setacchattasambandhampi. Disvā ti satasahassagghanake gandhārarattakambale suvaṇṇanikkhaṃ viya kumāraṃ “chattaṃ marū” ti ettha vuttappakāraṃ setacchattaṃ dhāriyantaṃ muddhani disvā. Keci pana “idaṃ mānusakaṃ chattaṃ sandhāya vuttan” ti bhaṇanti. Yatheva hi devā, evaṃ manussāpi chattacāmaramorahatthatālavaṇṭavāḷabījanihatthā mahāpurisaṃ upagacchantīti. Evaṃ santepi na tassa vacanena kocipi atisayo atthi, tasmā yathāvuttameva sundaraṃ. Paṭiggahe ti ubhohi hatthehi paṭiggahesi. Isiṃ kira vandāpetuṃ kumāraṃ upanesuṃ. Ath’assa pādā parivattitvā isissa matthake patiṭṭhahiṃsu. So tampi acchariyaṃ disvā udaggacitto sumano paṭiggahesi.

696

Dasamagāthāyaṃ jigīsako ti jigīsanto magganto pariyesanto, upaparikkhantoti vuttaṃ hoti. Lakkhaṇamantapāragū ti lakkhaṇānaṃ vedānañca pāraṃ gato. Anuttarāyan ti anuttaro ayaṃ. So kira attano abhimukhāgatesu mahāsattassa pādatalesu cakkāni disvā tadanusārena sesalakkhaṇāni jigīsanto sabbaṃ lakkhaṇasampattiṃ disvā “addhāyaṃ buddho bhavissatī” ti ñatvā evam āha.

697

Ekādasāyaṃ athattano gamanan ti paṭisandhivasena arūpagamanaṃ. Akalyarūpo gaḷayati assukānī ti taṃ attano arūpūpapattiṃ anussaritvā “na dānāhaṃ assa dhammadesanaṃ sotuṃ lacchāmī” ti atuṭṭharūpo balavasokābhibhavena domanassajāto hutvā assūni pāteti gaḷayati. “Garayatī” ti pi pāṭho. Yadi panesa rūpabhave cittaṃ nameyya, kiṃ tattha na uppajjeyya, yenevaṃ rodatīti? Na na uppajjeyya, akusalatāya panetaṃ vidhiṃ na jānāti. Evaṃ santepi domanassuppattiyevassa ayuttā samāpattilābhena vikkhambhitattāti ce? Na, vikkhambhitattā eva. Maggabhāvanāya samucchinnā hi kilesā na uppajjanti, samāpattilābhīnaṃ pana balavapaccayena uppajjanti. Uppanne kilese parihīnajjhānattā kutassa arūpagamananti ce? Appakasirena punādhigamato. Samāpattilābhino hi uppanne kilese balavavītikkamaṃ anāpajjantā vūpasantamatteyeva kilesavege puna taṃ visesaṃ appakasirenevādhigacchanti, “parihīnavisesā ime” ti pi duviññeyyā honti, tādiso ca eso. No ce kumāre bhavissati antarāyo ti na bhavissati nu kho imasmiṃ kumāre antarāyo.

698

Dvādasāyaṃ na orakāyan ti ayaṃ orako paritto na hoti. Uttaragāthāya vattabbaṃ buddhabhāvaṃ sandhāyāha.

699

Terasāyaṃ sambodhiyaggan ti sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ. Tañhi aviparītabhāvena sammā bujjhanato sambodhi, katthaci āvaraṇābhāvena sabbañāṇuttamato “aggan” ti vuccati. Phusissatī ti pāpuṇissati. Paramavisuddhadassī ti nibbānadassī. Tañhi ekantavisuddhattā paramavisuddhaṃ. Vitthārikassā ti vitthārikaṃ assa. Brahmacariyan ti sāsanaṃ.

700

Cuddasāyaṃ athantarā ti antarāyeva assa, sambodhippattito orato evāti vuttaṃ hoti. Na sossan ti na suṇissaṃ. Asamadhurassā ti asamavīriyassa. Aṭṭo ti āturo. Byasanaṃ gato ti sukhavināsaṃ patto. Aghāvī ti dukkhito, sabbaṃ domanassuppādameva sandhāyāha. Domanassena hi so āturo. Tañcassa sukhabyasanato byasanaṃ, sukhavināsanatoti vuttaṃ hoti. Tena ca so cetasikaaghabhūtena aghāvī.

701

Pannarasāyaṃ vipulaṃ janetvānā ti vipulaṃ janetvā. Ayameva vā pāṭho. Niggamā ti niggato. Evaṃ niggato ca so bhāgineyyaṃ sayan ti sakaṃ bhāgineyyaṃ, attano bhaginiyā puttanti vuttaṃ hoti. Samādapesī ti attano appāyukabhāvaṃ ñatvā kaniṭṭhabhaginiyā ca puttassa nālakassa māṇavakassa upacitapuññataṃ attano balena ñatvā “vuḍḍhippatto pamādampi āpajjeyyā” ti naṃ anukampamāno bhaginiyā gharaṃ gantvā “kahaṃ nālako” ti. “Bahi, bhante, kīḷatī” ti. “Ānetha nan” ti āṇāpetvā taṅkhaṇaṃyeva tāpasapabbajjaṃ pabbājetvā samādapesi ovadi anusāsi. Kathaṃ? “Buddhoti ghosaṃ…pe… brahmacariyan” ti soḷasamagātham āha.

702

Tattha yada parato ti yadā parato. Dhammamaggan ti paramadhammassa nibbānassa maggaṃ, dhammaṃ vā aggaṃ saha paṭipadāya nibbānaṃ. Tasmin ti tassa santike. Brahmacariyan ti samaṇadhammaṃ.

703

Sattarasāyaṃ tādinā ti tassaṇṭhitena, tasmiṃ samaye kilesavikkhambhane samādhilābhe ca sati vikkhambhitakilesena samāhitacittena cāti adhippāyo. Anāgate paramavisuddhadassinā ti “ayaṃ nālako anāgate kāle Bhagavato santike paramavisuddhaṃ nibbānaṃ passissatī” ti evaṃ diṭṭhattā so isi iminā pariyāyena “anāgate paramavisuddhadassī” ti vutto. Tena anāgate paramavisuddhadassinā. Upacitapuññasañcayo ti padumuttarato pabhuti katapuññasañcayo. Patikkhan ti āgamayamāno. Parivasī ti pabbajitvā tāpasavesena vasi. Rakkhitindriyo ti rakkhitasotindriyo hutvā. So kira tato pabhuti udake na nimujji “udakaṃ pavisitvā sotindriyaṃ vināseyya, tato dhammassavanabāhiro bhaveyyan” ti cintetvā.

704

Aṭṭhārasāyaṃ sutvāna ghosan ti so nālako evaṃ parivasanto anupubbena Bhagavatā sambodhiṃ patvā bārāṇasiyaṃ dhammacakke pavattite taṃ “Bhagavatā dhammacakkaṃ pavattitaṃ, sammāsambuddho vata so Bhagavā uppanno” ti ādinā nayena jinavaracakkavattane pavattaghosaṃ attano atthakāmāhi devatāhi āgantvā ārocitaṃ sutvā. Gantvāna disvā isinisabhan ti sattāhaṃ devatāhi moneyyakolāhale kayiramāne sattame divase Isipatanaṃ gantvā “nālako āgamissati, tassa dhammaṃ desessāmī” ti iminā ca abhisandhinā varabuddhāsane nisinnaṃ disvā nisabhasadisaṃ isinisabhaṃ Bhagavantaṃ. Pasanno ti saha dassaneneva pasannacitto hutvā. Moneyyaseṭṭhan ti ñāṇuttamaṃ, maggañāṇanti vuttaṃ hoti. Samāgate asitāvhayassa sāsane ti asitassa isino ovādakāle anuppatte. Tena hi “yadā vivarati dhammamaggaṃ, tadā gantvā samayaṃ paripucchamāno carassu tasmiṃ Bhagavati brahmacariyan” ti anusiṭṭho, ayañca so kālo. Tena vuttaṃ “samāgate asitāvhayassa sāsane” ti. Sesam ettha pākaṭam eva.

Ayaṃ tāva vatthugāthāvaṇṇanā.

705

Pucchāgāthādvaye aññātametan ti viditaṃ mayā etaṃ. Yathātathan ti aviparītaṃ. Ko adhippāyo? Yaṃ asito “sambodhiyaggaṃ phusissatāyaṃ kumāro” ti ñatvā “buddhoti ghosaṃ yada parato suṇosi, sambodhippatto vivarati dhammamaggan” ti maṃ avaca, tadetaṃ mayā asitassa vacanaṃ ajja Bhagavantaṃ sakkhiṃ disvā “yathātathamevā” ti aññātanti. Taṃ tan ti tasmā taṃ. Sabbadhammāna pāragun ti hemavatasutte vuttanayena chahi ākārehi. Sabbadhammānaṃ pāragataṃ.

706

Anagāriyupetassā ti anagāriyaṃ upetassa, pabbajitassāti attho. Bhikkhācariyaṃ jigīsato ti ariyehi āciṇṇaṃ anupakkiliṭṭhaṃ bhikkhācariyaṃ pariyesamānassa. Moneyyan ti munīnaṃ santakaṃ. Uttamaṃ padan ti uttamapaṭipadaṃ. Sesam ettha pākaṭam eva.

707

Ath’assa evaṃ puṭṭho Bhagavā “moneyyaṃ te upaññissan” ti ādinā nayena moneyyapaṭipadaṃ byākāsi. Tattha upaññissan ti upaññāpeyyaṃ, vivareyyaṃ paññāpeyyanti attho. Dukkaraṃ durabhisambhavan ti kātuñca dukkhaṃ kayiramānañca sambhavituṃ sahituṃ dukkhanti vuttaṃ hoti. Ayaṃ pan’ettha adhippāyo ahaṃ te moneyyaṃ paññāpeyyaṃ, yadi naṃ kātuṃ vā abhisambhotuṃ vā sukhaṃ bhaveyya, evaṃ pana dukkaraṃ durabhisambhavaṃ puthujjanakālato pabhuti kiliṭṭhacittaṃ anuppādetvā paṭipajjitabbato. Tathā hi naṃ ekassa buddhassa ekova sāvako karoti ca sambhoti cāti.

Evaṃ Bhagavā moneyyassa dukkarabhāvaṃ durabhisambhavatañca dassento nālakassa ussāhaṃ janetvā tamassa vattukāmo āha “handa te naṃ pavakkhāmi, santhambhassu daḷho bhavā” ti. Tattha handā ti byavasāyatthe nipāto. Te naṃ pavakkhāmī ti tuyhaṃ taṃ moneyyaṃ pavakkhāmi. Santhambhassū ti dukkarakaraṇasamatthena vīriyūpatthambhena attānaṃ upatthambhaya. Daḷho bhavā ti durabhisambhavasahanasamatthāya asithilaparakkamatāya thiro hoti. Kiṃ vuttaṃ hoti? Yasmā tvaṃ upacitapuññasambhāro, tasmāhaṃ ekantabyavasitova hutvā evaṃ dukkaraṃ durabhisambhavampi samānaṃ tuyhaṃ taṃ moneyyaṃ pavakkhāmi, santhambhassu daḷho bhavāti.

708

Evaṃ paramasallekhaṃ moneyyavattaṃ vattukāmo nālakaṃ santhambhane daḷhībhāve ca niyojetvā paṭhamaṃ tāva gāmūpanibaddhakilesappahānaṃ dassento “samānabhāgan” ti upaḍḍhagātham āha. Tattha samānabhāgan ti samabhāgaṃ ekasadisaṃ ninnānākaraṇaṃ. Akkuṭṭhavanditan ti akkosañca vandanañca.

Idāni yathā taṃ samānabhāgaṃ kayirati, taṃ upāyaṃ dassento “manopadosan” ti upaḍḍhagātham āha. Tassattho akkuṭṭho manopadosaṃ rakkheyya, vandito santo anuṇṇato care, raññāpi vandito samāno “maṃ vandatī” ti uddhaccaṃ nāpajjeyya.

709

Idāni araññūpanibaddhakilesappahānaṃ dassento “uccāvacā” ti gātham āha. Tassattho araññasaññite dāyepi iṭṭhāniṭṭhavasena uccāvacā nānappakārā ārammaṇā niccharanti, cakkhādīnaṃ āpāthamāgacchanti, te ca kho aggisikhūpamā pariḷāhajanakaṭṭhena. Yathā vā ḍayhamāne vane aggisikhā nānappakāratāya uccāvacā niccharanti, sadhūmāpi, vidhūmāpi, nīlāpi, pītāpi, rattāpi, khuddakāpi, mahantāpi, evaṃ sīhabyagghamanussāmanussavividhavihaṅgavirutapupphaphalapallavādibhedavasena nānappakāratāya dāye uccāvacā ārammaṇā niccharanti bhiṃsanakāpi, rajanīyāpi, dosanīyāpi, mohanīyāpi. Tenāha “uccāvacā niccharanti, dāye aggisikhūpamā” ti. Evaṃ niccharantesu ca uccāvacesu ārammaṇesu yā kāci uyyānavanacārikaṃ gatā samānā pakatiyā vā vanacāriniyo kaṭṭhahārikādayo rahogataṃ disvā hasitalapitaruditadunnivatthādīhi nāriyo muniṃ palobhenti, tā su taṃ mā palobhayuṃ, tā nāriyo taṃ mā palobhayuṃ. Yathā na palobhenti, tathā karohīti vuttaṃ hoti.

710-11

Evamassa Bhagavā gāme ca araññe ca paṭipattividhiṃ dassetvā idāni sīlasaṃvaraṃ dassento “virato methunā dhammā” ti gāthādvayam āha. Tattha hitvā kāme paropare ti methunadhammato avasesepi sundare ca asundare ca pañca kāmaguṇe hitvā. Tappahānena hi methunavirati susampannā hoti. Tenāha “hitvā kāme paropare” ti. Ayam ettha adhippāyo. “Aviruddho” ti ādīni pana padāni “na haneyya, na ghātaye” ti ettha vuttāya pāṇātipātāveramaṇiyā sampattidassanatthaṃ vuttāni. Tatrāyaṃ saṅkhepavaṇṇanā parapakkhiyesu pāṇesu aviruddho, attapakkhiyesu asāratto, sabbepi sataṇhanittaṇhatāya tasathāvare pāṇe jīvitukāmatāya amaritukāmatāya sukhakāmatāya dukkhapaṭikūlatāya ca “yathā ahaṃ tathā ete” ti attasamānatāya tesu virodhaṃ vinento teneva pakārena “yathā ete tathā ahan” ti paresaṃ samānatāya ca attani anurodhaṃ vinento evaṃ ubhayathāpi anurodhavirodhavippahīno hutvā maraṇapaṭikūlatāya attānaṃ upamaṃ katvā pāṇesu ye keci tase vā thāvare vā pāṇe na haneyya sāhatthikādīhi payogehi, na ghātaye āṇattikādīhīti.

712

Evamassa methunaviratipāṇātipātaviratimukhena saṅkhepato pātimokkhasaṃvarasīlaṃ vatvā “hitvā kāme” ti ādīhi indriyasaṃvarañca dassetvā idāni ājīvapārisuddhiṃ dassento “hitvā icchañcā” ti ādim āha. Tassattho yāyaṃ taṇhā ekaṃ laddhā dutiyaṃ icchati, dve laddhā tatiyaṃ, satasahassaṃ laddhā taduttarimpi icchatīti evaṃ appaṭiladdhavisayaṃ icchanato “icchā” ti vuccati, yo cāyaṃ paṭiladdhavisayalubbhano lobho. Taṃ hitvā icchañca lobhañca yattha satto puthujjano, yasmiṃ cīvarādipaccaye tehi icchālobhehi puthujjano satto laggo paṭibaddho tiṭṭhati, tattha taṃ ubhayampi hitvā paccayatthaṃ ājīvapārisuddhiṃ avirodhento ñāṇacakkhunā cakkhumā hutvā imaṃ moneyyapaṭipadaṃ paṭipajjeyya. Evañhi paṭipanno tareyya narakaṃ imaṃ, duppūraṇaṭṭhena narakasaññitaṃ micchājīvahetubhūtaṃ imaṃ paccayataṇhaṃ tareyya, imāya vā paṭipadāya tareyyāti vuttaṃ hoti.

713

Evaṃ paccayataṇhāpahānamukhena ājīvapārisuddhiṃ dassetvā idāni bhojane mattaññutāmukhena paccayaparibhogasīlaṃ tadanusārena ca yāva arahattappatti, tāva paṭipadaṃ dassento “ūnūdaro” ti gātham āha. Tassattho dhammena samena laddhesu itarītaracīvarādīsu paccayesu āhāraṃ tāva āhārento

“Cattāro pañca ālope, abhutvā udakaṃ pive,
Alaṃ phāsuvihārāya, pahitattassa bhikkhuno” ti. (theragā. 983)

Vuttanayena ūnaudaro assa, na vātabharitabhastā viya uddhumātudaro, bhattasammadapaccayā thinamiddhaṃ parihareyyāti vuttaṃ hoti. Ūnūdaro hontopi ca mitāhāro assa bhojane mattaññū, “neva davāyā” ti ādinā paccavekkhaṇena guṇato dosato ca paricchinnāhāro. Evaṃ mitāhāro samānopi paccayadhutaṅgapariyattiadhigamavasena catubbidhāya appicchatāya appiccho assa. Ekaṃsena hi moneyyapaṭipadaṃ paṭipannena bhikkhunā evaṃ appicchena bhavitabbaṃ. Tattha ekekasmiṃ paccaye tīhi santosehi santussanā paccayappicchatā. Dhutaṅgadharasseva sato “dhutavāti maṃ pare jānantū” ti anicchanatā dhutaṅgappicchatā. Bahussutasseva sato “bahussutoti maṃ pare jānantū” ti anicchanatā pariyattiappicchatā majjhantikattherassa viya. Adhigamasampannasseva sato “adhigato ayaṃ kusalaṃ dhammanti maṃ pare jānantū” ti anicchanatā adhigamappicchatā. Sā ca arahattādhigamato oraṃ veditabbā. Arahattādhigamatthañhi ayaṃ paṭipadāti. Evaṃ appicchopi ca arahattamaggena taṇhāloluppaṃ hitvā alolupo assa. Evaṃ alolupo hi sadā icchāya nicchāto aniccho hoti nibbuto, yāya icchāya chātā honti sattā khuppipāsāturā viya atittā, tāya icchāya aniccho hoti anicchattā ca nicchāto hoti anāturo paramatittippatto. Evaṃ nicchātattā nibbuto hoti vūpasantasabbakilesapariḷāhoti evamettha uppaṭipāṭiyā yojanā veditabbā.

714

Evaṃ yāva arahattappatti, tāvapaṭipadaṃ kathetvā idāni taṃ paṭipadaṃ paṭipannassa bhikkhuno arahattappattiniṭṭhaṃ dhutaṅgasamādānaṃ senāsanavattañca kathento “sa piṇḍacāran” ti gāthādvayam āha. Tattha sa piṇḍacāraṃ caritvā ti so bhikkhu bhikkhaṃ caritvā bhattakiccaṃ vā katvā. Vanantamabhihāraye ti apapañcito gihipapañcena vanaṃ eva gaccheyya. Upaṭṭhito rukkhamūlasmin ti rukkhamūle ṭhito vā hutvā. Āsanūpagato ti āsanaṃ upagato vā hutvā, nisinnoti vuttaṃ hoti. Munī ti moneyyapaṭipadaṃ paṭipanno. Ettha ca “piṇḍacāraṃ caritvā” ti iminā piṇḍapātikaṅgaṃ vuttaṃ. Yasmā pana ukkaṭṭhapiṇḍapātiko sapadānacārī ekāsaniko pattapiṇḍiko khalupacchābhattiko ca hotiyeva, tecīvarikapaṃsukūlampi ca samādiyateva, tasmā imānipi cha vuttāneva honti. “Vanantamabhihāraye” ti iminā pana āraññikaṅgaṃ vuttaṃ, “upaṭṭhito rukkhamūlasmin” ti iminā rukkhamūlikaṅgaṃ, “āsanūpagato” ti iminā nesajjikaṅgaṃ. Yathākkamaṃ pana etesaṃ anulomattā abbhokāsikayathāsanthatikasosānikaṅgāni vuttāniyeva hontīti evametāya gāthāya terasa dhutaṅgāni nālakattherassa kathesi.

715

Sa jhānapasuto dhīro ti so anuppannassa jhānassa uppādanena uppannassa āvajjanasamāpajjanādhiṭṭhānavuṭṭhānapaccavekkhaṇehi ca jhānesu pasuto anuyutto. Dhīro ti dhitisampanno. Vanante ramito siyā ti vane abhirato siyā, gāmantasenāsane nābhirameyyāti vuttaṃ hoti. Jhāyetha rukkhamūlasmiṃ, attānamabhitosayan ti na kevalaṃ lokiyajjhānapasutoyeva siyā, apica kho tasmiṃyeva rukkhamūle sotāpattimaggādisampayuttena lokuttarajjhānenāpi attānaṃ atīva tosento jhāyetha. Paramassāsappattiyā hi lokuttarajjhāneneva cittaṃ atīva tussati, na aññena. Tenāha “attānamabhitosayan” ti. Evamimāya gāthāya jhānapasutatāya vanantasenāsanābhiratiṃ arahattañca kathesi.

716

Idāni yasmā imaṃ dhammadesanaṃ sutvā nālakatthero vanantamabhihāretvā nirāhāropi paṭipadāpūraṇe atīva ussukko ahosi, nirāhārena ca samaṇadhammaṃ kātuṃ na sakkā. Tathā karontassa hi jīvitaṃ nappavattati, kilese pana anuppādentena āhāro pariyesitabbo, ayamettha ñāyo. Tasmā tassa Bhagavā aparāparesupi divasesu piṇḍāya caritabbaṃ, kilesā pana na uppādetabbāti dassanatthaṃ arahattappattiniṭṭhaṃyeva bhikkhācāravattaṃ kathento “tato ratyā vivasāne” ti ādikā cha gāthāyo abhāsi. Tattha tato ti “sa piṇḍacāraṃ caritvā, vanantamabhihāraye” ti ettha vuttapiṇḍacāravanantābhihārato uttaripi. Ratyā vivasāne ti rattisamatikkame, dutiyadivaseti vuttaṃ hoti. Gāmantamabhihāraye ti ābhisamācārikavattaṃ katvā yāva bhikkhācāravelā, tāva vivekamanubrūhetvā gatapaccāgatavatte vuttanayena kammaṭṭhānaṃ manasi karonto gāmaṃ gaccheyya. Avhānaṃ nābhinandeyyā ti “bhante, amhākaṃ ghare bhuñjitabban” ti nimantanaṃ, “deti nu kho na deti nu kho sundaraṃ nu kho deti asundaraṃ nu kho detī” ti evarūpaṃ vitakkaṃ bhojanañca paṭipadāpūrako bhikkhu nābhinandeyya, nappaṭiggaṇheyyāti vuttaṃ hoti. Yadi pana balakkārena pattaṃ gahetvā pūretvā denti, paribhuñjitvā samaṇadhammo kātabbo, dhutaṅgaṃ na kuppati, tadupādāya pana taṃ gāmaṃ na pavisitabbaṃ. Abhihārañca gāmato ti sace gāmaṃ paviṭṭhassa pātisatehipi bhattaṃ abhiharanti, tampi nābhinandeyya, tato ekasitthampi nappaṭiggaṇheyya, aññadatthu gharapaṭipāṭiyā piṇḍapātameva careyyāti.

717

Na munī gāmamāgamma, kulesu sahasā care ti so ca monatthāya paṭipannako muni gāmaṃ gato samāno kulesu sahasā na care, sahasokitādiananulomikaṃ gihisaṃsaggaṃ na āpajjeyyāti vuttaṃ hoti. Ghāsesanaṃ chinnakatho, na vācaṃ payutaṃ bhaṇe ti chinnakatho viya hutvā obhāsaparikathānimittaviññattipayuttaṃ ghāsesanavācaṃ na bhaṇeyya. Sace ākaṅkheyya, gilāno samāno gelaññapaṭibāhanatthāya bhaṇeyya. Senāsanatthāya vā viññattiṃ ṭhapetvā obhāsaparikathānimittapayuttaṃ, avasesapaccayatthāya pana agilāno neva kiñci bhaṇeyyāti.

718-9

Alatthaṃ yadidan ti imissā pana gāthāya ayamattho gāmaṃ piṇḍāya paviṭṭho appamattakepi kismiñci laddhe “alatthaṃ yaṃ idaṃ sādhū” ti cintetvā aladdhe “nālatthaṃ kusalan” ti tampi “sundaran” ti cintetvā ubhayeneva lābhālābhena so tādī nibbikāro hutvā rukkhaṃvupanivattati, yathāpi puriso phalagavesī rukkhaṃ upagamma phalaṃ laddhāpi aladdhāpi ananunīto appaṭihato majjhattoyeva hutvā gacchati, evaṃ kulaṃ upagamma lābhaṃ laddhāpi aladdhāpi majjhattova hutvā gacchatīti. Sa pattapāṇī ti gāthā uttānatthāva.

720

Uccāvacā ti imissā gāthāya sambandho evaṃ bhikkhācāravattasampanno hutvāpi tāvatakeneva tuṭṭhiṃ anāpajjitvā paṭipadaṃ ārodheyya. Paṭipattisārañhi sāsanaṃ. Sā cāyaṃ uccāvacā…pe… mutan ti. Tassattho sā cāyaṃ maggapaṭipadā uttamanihīnabhedato uccāvacā buddhasamaṇena pakāsitā. Sukhāpaṭipadā hi khippābhiññā uccā, dukkhāpaṭipadā dandhābhiññā avacā. Itarā dve ekenaṅgena uccā, ekena avacā. Paṭhamā eva vā uccā, itarā tissopi avacā. Tāya cetāya uccāya avacāya vā paṭipadāya na pāraṃ diguṇaṃ yanti. “Duguṇan” ti vā pāṭho, ekamaggena dvikkhattuṃ nibbānaṃ na yantīti attho. Kasmā? Yena maggena ye kilesā pahīnā, tesaṃ puna appahātabbato. Etena parihānadhammābhāvaṃ dīpeti. Nayidaṃ ekaguṇaṃ mutan ti tañca idaṃ pāraṃ ekakkhattuṃyeva phusanārahampi na hoti. Kasmā? Ekena maggena sabbakilesappahānābhāvato. Etena ekamaggeneva arahattābhāvaṃ dīpeti.

721

Idāni paṭipadānisaṃsaṃ dassento “yassa ca visatā” ti gātham āha. Tassattho yassa ca evaṃ paṭipannassa bhikkhuno tāya paṭipadāya pahīnattā aṭṭhasatataṇhāvicaritabhāvena visatattā visatā taṇhā natthi, tassa kilesasotacchedena chinnasotassa kusalākusalappahānena kiccākiccappahīnassa rāgajo vā dosajo vā appamattakopi pariḷāho na vijjatī ti.

722

Idāni yasmā imā gāthāyo sutvā nālakattherassa cittaṃ udapādi “yadi ettakaṃ moneyyaṃ sukaraṃ na dukkaraṃ, sakkā appakasirena pūretun” ti, tasmāssa Bhagavā “dukkarameva moneyyan” ti dassento puna “moneyyaṃ te upaññissan” ti ādim āha. Tattha upaññissan ti upaññāpeyyaṃ, kathayissanti vuttaṃ hoti. Khuradhārā upamā assāti khuradhārūpamo. Bhave ti bhaveyya. Ko adhippāyo? Moneyyaṃ paṭipanno bhikkhu khuradhāraṃ upamaṃ katvā paccayesu vatteyya. Yathā madhudiddhaṃ khuradhāraṃ lihanto, chedato, jivhaṃ rakkhati, evaṃ dhammena laddhe paccaye paribhuñjanto cittaṃ kilesuppattito rakkheyyāti vuttaṃ hoti. Paccayā hi parisuddhena ñāyena laddhuñca anavajjaparibhogena paribhuñjituñca na sukhena sakkāti Bhagavā paccayanissitameva bahuso bhaṇati. Jivhāya tālumāhacca, udare saññato siyā ti jivhāya tāluṃ uppīḷetvāpi rasataṇhaṃ vinodento kiliṭṭhena maggena uppannapaccaye asevanto udare saṃyato siyā.

723

Alīnacitto ca siyā ti niccaṃ kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ bhāvanāya aṭṭhitakāritāya akusītacitto ca bhaveyya. Na cāpi bahu cintaye ti ñātijanapadāmaravitakkavasena ca bahuṃ na cinteyya. Nirāmagandho asito, brahmacariyaparāyaṇo ti nikkileso ca hutvā taṇhādiṭṭhīhi kismiñci bhave anissito sikkhāttayasakalasāsanabrahmacariyaparāyaṇo eva bhaveyya.

724-5

Ekāsanassā ti vivittāsanassa. Āsanamukhena cettha sabbairiyāpathā vuttā. Yato sabbairiyāpathesu ekībhāvassa sikkheyyāti vuttaṃ hotīti veditabbaṃ. Ekāsanassāti ca sampadānavacanametaṃ. Samaṇūpāsanassa cā ti samaṇehi upāsitabbassa aṭṭhatiṃsārammaṇabhāvanānuyogassa, samaṇānaṃ vā upāsanabhūtassa aṭṭhatiṃsārammaṇabhedasseva. Idampi sampadānavacanameva, upāsanatthanti vuttaṃ hoti. Ettha ca ekāsanena kāyaviveko, samaṇūpāsanena cittaviveko vutto hotīti veditabbo. Ekattaṃ monamakkhātan ti evamidaṃ kāyacittavivekavasena “ekattaṃ monan” ti akkhātaṃ. Eko ce abhiramissasī ti idaṃ pana uttaragāthāpekkhaṃ padaṃ, “atha bhāhisi dasadisā” ti iminā assa sambandho.

Bhāhisī ti bhāsissasi pakāsessasi. Imaṃ paṭipadaṃ bhāvento sabbadisāsu kittiyā pākaṭo bhavissasīti vuttaṃ hoti. Sutvā dhīrānan ti ādīnaṃ pana catunnaṃ padānaṃ ayamattho yena ca kittighosena bhāhisi dasadisā taṃ dhīrānaṃ jhāyīnaṃ kāmacāginaṃ nighosaṃ sutvā atha tvaṃ tena uddhaccaṃ anāpajjitvā bhiyyo hiriñca saddhañca kareyyāsi, tena ghosena harāyamāno “niyyānikapaṭipadā ayan” ti saddhaṃ uppādetvā uttari paṭipattimeva brūheyyāsi. Māmako ti evañhi sante mama sāvako hotīti.

726

Taṃ nadīhī ti yaṃ taṃ mayā “hiriñca saddhañca bhiyyo kubbethā” ti vadatā “uddhaccaṃ na kātabban” ti vuttaṃ, taṃ iminā nadīnidassanenāpi jānātha, tabbipariyāyañca sobbhesu ca padaresu ca jānātha. Sobbhesū ti mātikāsu. Padaresū ti darīsu. Kathaṃ? Saṇantā yanti kusobbhā, tuṇhī yanti mahodadhī ti. Kusobbhā hi sobbhapadarādibhedā sabbāpi kunnadiyo saṇantā saddaṃ karontā uddhatā hutvā yanti, gaṅgādibhedā pana mahānadiyo tuṇhī yanti, evaṃ “moneyyaṃ pūremī” ti uddhato hoti amāmako, māmako pana hiriñca saddhañca uppādetvā nīcacittova hoti.

727-9

Kiñca bhiyyo yadūnakaṃ…pe… paṇḍito ti. Tattha siyā sace aḍḍhakumbhūpamo bālo saṇantatāya, rahado pūrova paṇḍito santatāya, atha kasmā buddhasamaṇo evaṃ dhammadesanābyāvaṭo hutvā bahuṃ bhāsatīti iminā sambandhena “yaṃ samaṇo” ti gātham āha. Tassattho yaṃ buddhasamaṇo bahuṃ bhāsati upetaṃ atthasañhitaṃ, atthupetaṃ dhammupetañca hitena ca saṃhitaṃ, taṃ na uddhaccena, apica kho jānaṃ so dhammaṃ deseti divasampi desento nippapañcova hutvā. Tassa hi sabbaṃ vacīkammaṃ ñāṇānuparivatti. Evaṃ desento ca “idamassa hitaṃ idamassa hitan” ti nānappakārato jānaṃ so bahu bhāsati, na kevalaṃ bahubhāṇitāya. Avasānagāthāya sambandho evaṃ tāva sabbaññutaññāṇena samannāgato buddhasamaṇo jānaṃ so dhammaṃ deseti, jānaṃ so bahu bhāsati. Tena desitaṃ pana dhammaṃ nibbedhabhāgiyeneva ñāṇena yo ca jānaṃ saṃyatatto, jānaṃ na bahu bhāsati, sa muni monamarahati, sa muni monamajjhagāti. Tassattho taṃ dhammaṃ jānanto saṃyatatto guttacitto hutvā yaṃ bhāsitaṃ sattānaṃ hitasukhāvahaṃ na hoti, taṃ jānaṃ na bahu bhāsati. So evaṃvidho monatthaṃ paṭipannako muni moneyyapaṭipadāsaṅkhātaṃ monaṃ arahati. Na kevalañca arahatiyeva, apica kho pana sa muni arahattamaggañāṇasaṅkhātaṃ monaṃ ajjhagā icceva veditabboti arahattanikūṭena desanaṃ niṭṭhāpesi.

Taṃ sutvā nālakatthero tīsu ṭhānesu appiccho ahosi dassane savane pucchāyāti. So hi desanāpariyosāne pasannacitto Bhagavantaṃ vanditvā vanaṃ paviṭṭho, puna “aho vatāhaṃ Bhagavantaṃ passeyyan” ti lolabhāvaṃ na janesi. Ayamassa dassane appicchatā. Tathā “aho vatāhaṃ puna dhammadesanaṃ suṇeyyan” ti lolabhāvaṃ na janesi. Ayamassa savane appicchatā. Tathā “aho vatāhaṃ puna moneyyapaṭipadaṃ puccheyyan” ti lolabhāvaṃ na janesi. Ayamassa pucchāya appicchatā.

So evaṃ appiccho samāno pabbatapādaṃ pavisitvā ekavanasaṇḍe dve divasāni na vasi, ekarukkhamūle dve divasāni na nisīdi, ekagāme dve divasāni piṇḍāya na pāvisi. Iti vanato vanaṃ, rukkhato rukkhaṃ, gāmato gāmaṃ āhiṇḍanto anurūpapaṭipadaṃ paṭipajjitvā aggaphale patiṭṭhāsi. Atha yasmā moneyyapaṭipadaṃ ukkaṭṭhaṃ katvā pūrento bhikkhu satteva māsāni jīvati, majjhimaṃ katvā pūrento satta vassāni, mandaṃ katvā pūrento soḷasa vassāni. Ayañca ukkaṭṭhaṃ katvā pūresi, tasmā satta māse ṭhatvā attano āyusaṅkhāraparikkhayaṃ ñatvā nhāyitvā nivāsetvā kāyabandhanaṃ bandhitvā diguṇaṃ saṅghāṭiṃ pārupitvā dasabalābhimukho pañcapatiṭṭhitaṃ vanditvā añjaliṃ paggahetvā hiṅgulakapabbataṃ nissāya ṭhitakova anupādisesāya nibbānadhātuyā parinibbāyi. Tassa parinibbutabhāvaṃ ñatvā Bhagavā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ tattha gantvā sarīrakiccaṃ katvā dhātuyo gāhāpetvā cetiyaṃ patiṭṭhāpetvā agamāsīti.