二重随观经注

Evaṃ me sutan ti Dvayatānupassanāsuttaṃ. Kā uppatti? Imassa suttassa attajjhāsayato uppatti. Attajjhāsayena hi Bhagavā imaṃ suttaṃ desesi. Ayam ettha saṅkhepo, vitthāro pan’assa atthavaṇṇanāyam eva āvibhavissati.

Tattha evaṃ me sutan ti ādīni vuttanayān’eva. Pubbārāme ti Sāvatthinagarassa puratthimadisāyaṃ ārāme. Migāramātu pāsāde ti ettha Visākhā upāsikā attano sasurena Migārena seṭṭhinā mātuṭṭhāne ṭhapitattā “Migāramātā” ti vuccati, tāya Migāramātuyā navakoṭi-agghanakaṃ mahālatā-piḷandhanaṃ vissajjetvā kārāpito pāsādo heṭṭhā ca upari ca pañca pañca gabbhasatāni katvā sahassa-kūṭāgāragabbho, so “Migāramātu pāsādo” ti vuccati. Tasmiṃ Migāramātu pāsāde.

Tena kho pana samayena Bhagavā ti yaṃ samayaṃ Bhagavā Sāvatthiṃ nissāya Pubbārāme Migāramātu pāsāde viharati, tena samayena. Tadahuposathe ti tasmiṃ ahu uposathe, uposathadivase ti vuttaṃ hoti. Pannarase ti idaṃ uposathaggahaṇena sampattāvasesuposatha-paṭikkhepa-vacanaṃ. Puṇṇāya puṇṇamāya rattiyā ti pannarasa-divasattā divasa-gaṇanāya abbhādi-upakkilesa-virahattā rattiguṇa-sampattiyā ca puṇṇattā puṇṇāya, paripuṇṇacandattā puṇṇamāya ca rattiyā. Bhikkhusaṅghaparivuto ti bhikkhusaṅghena parivuto. Abbhokāse nisinno hotī ti Migāramātu ratana-pāsāda-pariveṇe abbhokāse upari appaṭicchanne okāse paññatta-varabuddhāsane nisinno hoti.

Tuṇhībhūtaṃ tuṇhībhūtan ti atīva tuṇhībhūtaṃ, yato yato vā anuviloketi, tato tato tuṇhībhūtaṃ, tuṇhībhūtaṃ vācāya, puna tuṇhībhūtaṃ kāyena. Bhikkhusaṅghaṃ anuviloketvā ti taṃ parivāretvā nisinnaṃ aneka-sahassa-bhikkhu-parimāṇaṃ tuṇhībhūtaṃ tuṇhībhūtaṃ bhikkhusaṅghaṃ “ettakā ettha sotāpannā, ettakā sakadāgāmino, ettakā anāgāmino, ettakā āraddhavipassakā kalyāṇaputhujjanā, imassa bhikkhusaṅghassa kīdisī dhammadesanā sappāyā” ti sappāya-dhammadesanā-paricchedanatthaṃ ito c’ito ca viloketvā.

Ye te, bhikkhave, kusalā dhammā ti ye te ārogyaṭṭhena anavajjaṭṭhena iṭṭhaphalaṭṭhena kosalla-sambhūtaṭṭhena ca kusalā sattatiṃsa-bodhipakkhiya-dhammā, tajjotakā vā pariyattidhammā. Ariyā niyyānikā sambodhagāmino ti upagantabbaṭṭhena ariyā, lokato niyyānaṭṭhena niyyānikā, sambodhasaṅkhātaṃ arahattaṃ gamanaṭṭhena sambodhagāmino. Tesaṃ vo bhikkhave…pe… savanāya, tesaṃ bhikkhave kusalānaṃ…pe… sambodhagāmīnaṃ kā upanisā, kiṃ kāraṇaṃ, kiṃ payojanaṃ tumhākaṃ savanāya, kim atthaṃ tumhe te dhamme suṇāthā ti vuttaṃ hoti.

Yāvad eva dvayatānaṃ dhammānaṃ yathābhūtaṃ ñāṇāyā ti ettha yāvad evā ti paricchedāvadhāraṇa-vacanaṃ. Dve avayavā etesan ti dvayā, dvayā eva dvayatā, tesaṃ dvayatānaṃ. “Dvayānan” ti pi pāṭho. Yathābhūtaṃ ñāṇāyā ti aviparītañāṇāya. Kiṃ vuttaṃ hoti? Yad etaṃ lokiya-lokuttarādi-bhedena dvidhā vavatthitānaṃ dhammānaṃ vipassanā-saṅkhātaṃ yathābhūtañāṇaṃ, etad atthāya na ito bhiyyo ti. Savanena hi ettakaṃ hoti, tad uttari visesādhigamo bhāvanāyā ti.

Kiñ ca dvayataṃ vadethā ti ettha pana sace vo bhikkhave siyā “kiñ ca tumhe, bhante, dvayataṃ vadethā” ti ayam adhippāyo. Padattho pana “kiñ ca dvayatābhāvaṃ vadethā” ti.

(1)

Tato Bhagavā dvayataṃ dassento “idaṃ dukkhan” ti evamādim āha. Tattha dvayatānaṃ catusaccadhammānaṃ “idaṃ dukkhaṃ, ayaṃ dukkhasamudayo” ti evaṃ lokiyassa ekassa avayavassa sahetukassa vā dukkhassa dassanena ayaṃ ekānupassanā, itarā lokuttarassa dutiyassa avayavassa sa-upāyassa vā nirodhassa dassanena dutiyānupassanā. Paṭhamā c’ettha tatiya-catuttha-visuddhīhi hoti, dutiyā pañcama-visuddhiyā.

Evaṃ sammā dvayatānupassino ti iminā vuttanayena sammā dvayadhamme anupassantassa satiyā avippavāsena appamattassa, kāyika-cetasika-vīriyātāpena ātāpino, kāye ca jīvite ca nirapekkhattā pahitattassa. Pāṭikaṅkhan ti icchitabbaṃ. Diṭṭhe va dhamme aññā ti asmiṃ yeva attabhāve arahattaṃ. Sati vā upādisese anāgāmitā ti “upādisesan” ti punabbhavavasena upādātabba-kkhandha-sesaṃ vuccati, tasmiṃ vā sati anāgāmibhāvo paṭikaṅkho ti dasseti. Tattha kiñcāpi heṭṭhimaphalāni pi evaṃ dvayatānupassino va honti, uparimaphalesu pana ussāhaṃ janento evam āha.

Idam avocā ti ādi saṅgītikārānaṃ vacanaṃ. Tattha idan ti “ye te, bhikkhave” ti ādi-vutta-nidassanaṃ. Etan ti idāni “ye dukkhan” ti evam ādivattabba-gāthābandha-nidassanaṃ. Imā ca gāthā catusaccadīpakattā vuttattha-dīpikā eva, evaṃ sante pi gāthārucikānaṃ, pacchā āgatānaṃ, pubbe vuttaṃ asamatthatāya anuggahetvā “idāni yadi vadeyya sundaran” ti ākaṅkhantānaṃ, vikkhittacittānañ ca atthāya vuttā. Visesattha-dīpikā vā ti avipassake vipassake ca dassetvā tesaṃ vaṭṭa-vivaṭṭa-dassanato, tasmā visesattha-dassanattham eva vuttā. Esa nayo ito param pi gāthāvacanesu.

730

Tattha yattha cā ti nibbānaṃ dasseti. Nibbāne hi dukkhaṃ sabbaso uparujjhati, sabbappakāraṃ uparujjhati, sahetukaṃ uparujjhati, asesañ ca uparujjhati. Tañ ca maggan ti tañ ca aṭṭhaṅgikaṃ maggaṃ.

731

Cetovimuttihīnā te, atho paññāvimuttiyā ti ettha arahattaphalasamādhi rāgavirāgā cetovimutti, arahattaphalapaññā avijjāvirāgā paññāvimuttī ti veditabbā. Taṇhācaritena vā appanājhānabalena kilese vikkhambhetvā adhigataṃ arahattaphalaṃ rāgavirāgā cetovimutti, diṭṭhicaritena upacārajjhānamattaṃ nibbattetvā vipassitvā adhigataṃ arahattaphalaṃ avijjāvirāgā paññāvimutti. Anāgāmiphalaṃ vā kāmarāgaṃ sandhāya rāgavirāgā cetovimutti, arahattaphalaṃ sabbappakārato avijjāvirāgā paññāvimuttī ti. Antakiriyāyā ti vaṭṭadukkhassa antakaraṇatthāya. Jātijarūpagā ti jātijaraṃ upagatā, jātijarāya vā upagatā, na parimuccanti jātijarāyā ti evaṃ veditabbā. Sesam ettha ādito pabhuti pākaṭam eva.

Gāthāpariyosāne ca saṭṭhimattā bhikkhū taṃ desanaṃ uggahetvā vipassitvā tasmiṃ yeva āsane arahattaṃ pāpuṇiṃsu. Yathā c’ettha, evaṃ sabbavāresu.

(2)

Ato eva Bhagavā “siyā aññena pi pariyāyenā” ti ādinā nayena nānappakārato dvayatānupassanaṃ āha. Tattha dutiyavāre upadhipaccayā ti sāsavakammapaccayā. Sāsavakammañ hi idha “upadhī” ti adhippetaṃ. Asesavirāganirodhā ti asesaṃ virāgena nirodhā, asesavirāgasaṅkhātā vā nirodhā.

734

Upadhinidānā ti kammapaccayā. Dukkhassa jātippabhavānupassī ti “vaṭṭadukkhassa jātikāraṇaṃ upadhī” ti anupassanto. Sesam ettha pākaṭam eva. Evaṃ ayam pi vāro cattāri saccāni dīpetvā arahattanikūṭen’eva vutto. Yathā cāyaṃ, evaṃ sabbavārā.

(3)

Tattha tatiyavāre avijjāpaccayā ti bhavagāmi-kammasambhāra-avijjāpaccayā. Dukkhaṃ pana sabbattha vaṭṭadukkham eva.

735

Jātimaraṇasaṃsāran ti khandhanibbattiṃ jātiṃ khandhabhedaṃ maraṇaṃ khandhapaṭipāṭiṃ saṃsārañ ca. Vajantī ti gacchanti upenti. Itthabhāvaññathābhāvan ti imaṃ manussabhāvaṃ ito avasesa-añña-nikāya-bhāvañ ca. Gatī ti paccayabhāvo.

736

Avijjā h’āyan ti avijjā hi ayaṃ. Vijjāgatā ca ye sattā ti ye ca arahattamaggavijjāya kilese vijjhitvā gatā khīṇāsavasattā. Sesam uttānattham eva.

(4)

Catutthavāre saṅkhārapaccayā ti puññāpuññāneñjābhisaṅkhāra-paccayā.

738

Etam ādīnavaṃ ñatvā ti yad idaṃ dukkhaṃ saṅkhārapaccayā, etaṃ ādīnavan ti ñatvā. Sabbasaṅkhārasamathā ti sabbesaṃ vuttappakārānaṃ saṅkhārānaṃ maggañāṇena samathā, upahatatāya phalasamatthatāyā ti vuttaṃ hoti. Saññānan ti kāmasaññādīnaṃ maggen’eva uparodhanā. Etaṃ ñatvā yathātathan ti etaṃ dukkhakkhayaṃ aviparītaṃ ñatvā.

739

Sammaddasā ti sammādassanā. Sammadaññāyā ti saṅkhataṃ aniccādito, asaṅkhatañ ca niccādito ñatvā. Mārasaṃyogan ti tebhūmakavaṭṭaṃ. Sesam uttānattham eva.

(5)

Pañcamavāre viññāṇapaccayā ti kammasahajāta-abhisaṅkhāraviññāṇa-paccayā.

741

Nicchāto ti nittaṇho. Parinibbuto ti kilesaparinibbānena parinibbuto hoti. Sesaṃ pākaṭam eva.

(6)

Chaṭṭhavāre phassapaccayā ti abhisaṅkhāraviññāṇa-sampayutta-phassapaccayā ti attho. Evaṃ ettha pada-paṭipāṭiyā vattabbāni nāmarūpa-saḷāyatanāni avatvā phasso vutto. Tāni hi rūpamissakattā kammasampayuttān’eva na honti, idañ ca vaṭṭadukkhaṃ kammato vā sambhaveyya kammasampayutta-dhammato vā ti.

742

Bhavasotānusārinan ti taṇhānusārinaṃ.

743

Pariññāyā ti tīhi pariññāhi parijānitvā. Aññāyā ti arahattamaggapaññāya ñatvā. Upasame ratā ti phalasamāpattivasena nibbāne ratā. Phassābhisamayā ti phassanirodhā. Sesaṃ pākaṭam eva.

(7)

Sattamavāre vedanāpaccayā ti kammasampayutta-vedanāpaccayā.

744

Adukkhamasukhaṃ sahā ti adukkhamasukhena saha.

745

Etaṃ dukkhan ti ñatvānā ti etaṃ sabbaṃ vedayitaṃ “dukkhakāraṇan” ti ñatvā, vipariṇāma-ṭṭhiti-aññāṇa-dukkhatāhi vā dukkhaṃ ñatvā. Mosadhamman ti nassanadhammaṃ. Palokinan ti jarāmaraṇehi palujjanadhammaṃ. Phussa phussā ti udayabbayañāṇena phusitvā phusitvā. Vayaṃ passan ti ante bhaṅgam eva passanto. Evaṃ tattha vijānatī ti evaṃ tā vedanā vijānāti, tattha vā dukkhabhāvaṃ vijānāti. Vedanānaṃ khayā ti tato paraṃ maggañāṇena kammasampayuttānaṃ vedanānaṃ khayā. Sesam uttānam eva.

(8)

Aṭṭhamavāre taṇhāpaccayā ti kammasambhāra-taṇhāpaccayā.

747

Etam ādīnavaṃ ñatvā, taṇhaṃ dukkhassa sambhavan ti etaṃ dukkhassa sambhavaṃ taṇhāya ādīnavaṃ ñatvā. Sesam uttānam eva.

(9)

Navamavāre upādānapaccayā ti kammasambhāra-upādānapaccayā.

748

Bhavo ti vipākabhavo khandhapātubhāvo. Bhūto dukkhan ti bhūto sambhūto vaṭṭadukkhaṃ nigacchati. Jātassa maraṇan ti yatrāpi “bhūto sukhaṃ nigacchatī” ti bālā maññanti, tatrāpi dukkham eva dassento āha “jātassa maraṇaṃ hotī” ti.

749

Dutiyagāthāya yojanā: aniccādīhi sammadaññāya paṇḍitā upādānakkhayā jātikkhayaṃ nibbānaṃ abhiññāya na gacchanti punabbhavan ti.

(10)

Dasamavāre ārambhapaccayā ti kammasampayutta-vīriyapaccayā.

751

Anārambhe vimuttino ti anārambhe nibbāne vimuttassa. Sesam uttānam eva.

(11)

Ekādasamavāre āhārapaccayā ti kammasampayuttāhārapaccayā. Aparo nayo catubbidhā sattā rūpūpagā vedanūpagā saññūpagā saṅkhārūpagā ti. Tattha ekādasavidhāya kāmadhātuyā sattā rūpūpagā kabaḷīkārāhāra-sevanato. Rūpadhātuyā sattā aññatra asaññehi vedanūpagā phassāhāra-sevanato. Heṭṭhā tividhāya arūpadhātuyā sattā saññūpagā saññābhinibbatta-manosañcetanāhāra-sevanato. Bhavagge sattā saṅkhārūpagā saṅkhārābhinibbatta-viññāṇāhāra-sevanato. Evam pi “yaṃ kiñci dukkhaṃ sambhoti, sabbaṃ āhārapaccayā” ti veditabbaṃ.

755

Ārogyan ti nibbānaṃ. Saṅkhāya sevī ti cattāro paccaye paccavekkhitvā sevamāno, “pañcakkhandhā dvādasāyatanāni aṭṭhārasadhātuyo” ti evaṃ vā lokaṃ saṅkhāya “aniccaṃ dukkhaṃ anattā” ti ñāṇena sevamāno. Dhammaṭṭho ti catusaccadhamme ṭhito. Saṅkhyaṃ nopetī ti “devo” ti vā “manusso” ti vā ādikaṃ saṅkhyaṃ na gacchati. Sesam uttānam eva.

(12)

Dvādasamavāre iñjitapaccayā ti taṇhā-māna-diṭṭhi-kamma-kilesa-iñjitesu yato kutoci kammasambhāriñjitapaccayā.

757

Ejaṃ vossajjā ti taṇhaṃ cajitvā. Saṅkhāre uparundhiyā ti kammaṃ kammasampayutte ca saṅkhāre nirodhetvā. Sesam uttānam eva.

(13)

Terasamavāre nissitassa calitan ti taṇhāya taṇhā-diṭṭhi-mānehi vā khandhe nissitassa Sīhasutte (saṃ. ni. 3.78) devānaṃ viya bhayacalanaṃ hoti. Sesam uttānam eva.

(14)

Cuddasamavāre rūpehī ti rūpabhavehi rūpasamāpattīhi vā. Arūpā ti arūpabhavā arūpasamāpattiyo vā. Nirodho ti nibbānaṃ.

761

Maccuhāyino ti maraṇamaccu kilesamaccu devaputtamaccuhāyino, tividham pi taṃ maccuṃ hitvā gāmino ti vuttaṃ hoti. Sesam uttānam eva.

(15)

Pannarasamavāre yan ti nāmarūpaṃ sandhāyāha. Tañ hi lokena dhuva-subha-sukhatta-vasena “idaṃ saccan” ti upanijjhāyitaṃ diṭṭham ālokitaṃ. Tadam ariyānan ti idaṃ ariyānaṃ, anunāsika-ikāra-lopaṃ katvā vuttaṃ. Etaṃ musā ti etaṃ dhuvādi-vasena gahitam pi musā, na tādisaṃ hotī ti. Puna yan ti nibbānaṃ sandhāyāha. Tañ hi lokena rūpavedanādīnam abhāvato “idaṃ musā natthi kiñcī” ti upanijjhāyitaṃ. Tadam ariyānaṃ etaṃ saccan ti taṃ idaṃ ariyānaṃ etaṃ nikkilesa-saṅkhātā subhabhāvā, pavatti-dukkha-paṭipakkha-saṅkhātā sukhabhāvā, accantasanti-saṅkhātā niccabhāvā ca anapagamanena paramatthato “saccan” ti yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya sudiṭṭhaṃ.

762

Anattani attamānin ti anattani nāmarūpe attamāniṃ. Idaṃ saccan ti maññatī ti idaṃ nāmarūpaṃ dhuvādi-vasena “saccan” ti maññati.

763

Yena yena hī ti yena yena rūpe vā vedanāya vā “mama rūpaṃ, mama vedanā” ti ādinā nayena maññanti. Tato tan ti tato maññitākārā taṃ nāmarūpaṃ hoti aññathā. Kiṃ kāraṇaṃ? Tañ hi tassa musā hoti, yasmā taṃ yathāmaññitākārā musā hoti, tasmā aññathā hotī ti attho. Kasmā pana musā hotī ti? Mosadhammañ hi ittaraṃ, yasmā yaṃ ittaraṃ parittapaccupaṭṭhānaṃ, taṃ mosadhammaṃ nassanadhammaṃ hoti, tathārūpañ ca nāmarūpan ti.

764

Saccābhisamayā ti saccāvabodhā. Sesam uttānam eva.

(16)

Soḷasamavāre yan ti chabbidham iṭṭhārammaṇaṃ sandhāyāha. Tañ hi lokena salabha-maccha-makkaṭādīhi padīpa-baḷisa-lepādayo viya “idaṃ sukhan” ti upanijjhāyitaṃ. Tadam ariyānaṃ etaṃ dukkhan ti taṃ idaṃ ariyānaṃ

“Kāmā hi citrā madhurā manoramā, virūparūpena mathenti cittan” ti (su. ni. 50; cūḷani. khaggavisāṇasuttaniddesa 136)

ādinā nayena “etaṃ dukkhan” ti yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya sudiṭṭhaṃ. Puna yan ti nibbānam eva sandhāyāha. Tañ hi lokena kāmaguṇābhāvā “dukkhan” ti upanijjhāyitaṃ. Tadam ariyānan ti taṃ idaṃ ariyānaṃ paramatthasukhato “etaṃ sukhan” ti yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya sudiṭṭhaṃ.

765

Kevalā ti anavasesā. Iṭṭhā ti icchitā patthitā. Kantā ti piyā. Manāpā ti manavuḍḍhikarā. Yāvat’atthī ti vuccatī ti yāvatā ete cha ārammaṇā atthī ti vuccanti. Vacanabyattayo veditabbo.

766

Ete vo ti ettha vo ti nipātamattaṃ.

767

Sukhan ti diṭṭham ariyehi, sakkāyass’uparodhanan ti “sukham” iti ariyehi pañcakkhandhanirodho diṭṭho, nibbānan ti vuttaṃ hoti. Paccanīkam idaṃ hotī ti paṭilomam idaṃ dassanaṃ hoti. Passatan ti passantānaṃ, paṇḍitānan ti vuttaṃ hoti.

768

Yaṃ pare ti ettha “yan” ti vatthukāme sandhāyāha. Puna yaṃ pare ti ettha nibbānaṃ.

769

Passā ti sotāraṃ ālapati. Dhamman ti nibbānadhammaṃ. Sampamūḷh’etth’aviddasū ti sampamūḷhā ettha aviddasū bālā. Kiṃkāraṇaṃ sampamūḷhā? Nivutānaṃ tamo hoti, andhakāro apassataṃ, bālānaṃ avijjāya nivutānaṃ otthaṭānaṃ andhabhāvakaraṇo tamo hoti, yena nibbānadhammaṃ daṭṭhuṃ na sakkonti.

770

Satañ ca vivaṭaṃ hoti, āloko passatām ivā ti satañ ca sappurisānaṃ paññādassanena passataṃ āloko va vivaṭaṃ hoti nibbānaṃ. Santike na vijānanti, magā dhammass’akovidā ti yaṃ attano sarīre taca-pañcaka-mattaṃ paricchinditvā anantaram eva adhigantabbato, attano khandhānaṃ vā nirodhamattato santike nibbānaṃ, taṃ evaṃ santike santam pi na vijānanti magabhūtā janā maggāmaggadhammassa saccadhammassa vā akovidā.

771

Sabbathā “bhavarāga…pe… susambudho”. Tattha māradheyyānupannehī ti tebhūmakavaṭṭaṃ anupannehi.

772

Pacchimagāthāya sambandho: “evaṃ asusambudhaṃ ko nu aññatra-m-ariyehī” ti. Tass’attho ṭhapetvā ariye ko nu añño nibbānapadaṃ jānituṃ arahati, yaṃ padaṃ catutthena ariyamaggena sammadaññāya anantaram eva anāsavā hutvā kilesa-parinibbānena parinibbanti, sammadaññāya vā anāsavā hutvā ante anupādisesāya nibbānadhātuyā parinibbantī ti arahattanikūṭena desanaṃ niṭṭhāpesi.

Attamanā ti tuṭṭhamanā. Abhinandun ti abhinandiṃsu. Imasmiñ ca pana veyyākaraṇasmin ti imasmiṃ soḷasame veyyākaraṇe. Bhaññamāne ti bhaṇiyamāne. Sesaṃ pākaṭam eva. Evaṃ sabbesu pi soḷasasu veyyākaraṇesu saṭṭhimatte saṭṭhimatte katvā saṭṭhi-adhikānaṃ navannaṃ bhikkhusatānaṃ anupādāya āsavehi cittāni vimucciṃsu. Soḷasakkhattuṃ cattāri cattāri katvā catusaṭṭhi saccān’ettha veneyyavasena nānappakārato desitānī ti.