摩根提耶经注

Māgaṇḍiyasuttavaṇṇanā

Disvāna taṇhan ti Māgaṇḍiyasuttaṃ. Kā uppatti? Ekaṃ samayaṃ Bhagavā Sāvatthiyaṃ viharanto paccūsasamaye buddhacakkhunā lokaṃ volokento kurūsu Kammāsadhammanigamavāsino Māgaṇḍiyassa nāma brāhmaṇassa sapajāpatikassa arahattūpanissayaṃ disvā tāvad eva Sāvatthito tattha gantvā Kammāsadhammassa avidūre aññatarasmiṃ vanasaṇḍe nisīdi suvaṇṇobhāsaṃ muñcamāno. Māgaṇḍiyo pi taṅkhaṇaṃ tattha mukhadhovanatthaṃ gato suvaṇṇobhāsaṃ disvā “kiṃ idan” ti ito c’ito ca pekkhamāno Bhagavantaṃ disvā attamano ahosi. Tassa kira dhītā suvaṇṇavaṇṇā, taṃ bahū khattiyakumārādayo vārayantā na labhanti. Brāhmaṇo evaṃladdhiko hoti “samaṇass’eva naṃ suvaṇṇavaṇṇassa dassāmī” ti. So Bhagavantaṃ disvā “ayaṃ me dhītāya samānavaṇṇo, imassa naṃ dassāmī” ti cittaṃ uppādesi. Tasmā disvāva attamano ahosi. So vegena gharaṃ gantvā brāhmaṇiṃ āha “bhoti bhoti mayā dhītāya samānavaṇṇo puriso diṭṭho, alaṅkarohi dārikaṃ, tassa naṃ dassāmā” ti. Brāhmaṇiyā dārikaṃ gandhodakena nhāpetvā vatthapupphālaṅkārādīhi alaṅkarontiyā eva Bhagavato bhikkhācāravelā sampattā. Atha Bhagavā Kammāsadhammaṃ piṇḍāya pāvisi.

Te pi kho dhītaraṃ gahetvā Bhagavato nisinnokāsaṃ agamaṃsu. Tattha Bhagavantaṃ adisvā brāhmaṇī ito c’ito ca vilokentī Bhagavato nisajjaṭṭhānaṃ tiṇasanthārakaṃ addasa. Buddhānañ ca adhiṭṭhānabalena nisinnokāso padanikkhepo ca abyākulā honti. Sā brāhmaṇaṃ āha “esa, brāhmaṇa, tassa tiṇasanthāro” ti? “Āma, bhotī” ti. “Tena hi, brāhmaṇa, amhākaṃ āgamanakammaṃ na sampajjissatī” ti. “Kasmā bhotī” ti? “Passa, brāhmaṇa, abyākulo tiṇasanthāro, n’eso kāmabhogino paribhutto” ti. Brāhmaṇo “mā, bhoti maṅgale pariyesiyamāne avamaṅgalaṃ abhaṇī” ti āha. Puna pi brāhmaṇī ito c’ito ca vicarantī Bhagavato padanikkhepaṃ disvā brāhmaṇaṃ āha “ayaṃ tassa padanikkhepo” ti? “Āma, bhotī” ti. “Passa, brāhmaṇa, padanikkhepaṃ, nāyaṃ satto kāmesu gadhito” ti. “Kathaṃ tvaṃ bhoti jānāsī” ti ca vuttā attano ñāṇabalaṃ dassentī āha

“Rattassa hi ukkuṭikaṃ padaṃ bhave, duṭṭhassa hoti anukaḍḍhitaṃ padaṃ,
Mūḷhassa hoti sahasānupīḷitaṃ, vivaṭṭacchadassa idam īdisaṃ padan” ti. (a. ni. aṭṭha. 1.1.260-261, dha. pa. aṭṭha. 1.2 sāmāvatīvatthu, visuddhi. 1.45),

Ayañ carahi tesaṃ kathā vippakatā, atha Bhagavā katabhattakicco tam eva vanasaṇḍaṃ āgato. Brāhmaṇī Bhagavato varalakkhaṇakhacitaṃ byāmappabhāparikkhittaṃ rūpaṃ disvā brāhmaṇaṃ āha “esa tayā, brāhmaṇa, diṭṭho” ti? “Āma bhotī” ti. “Āgatakammaṃ na sampajjissat’eva, evarūpo nāma kāme paribhuñjissatīti n’etaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjatī” ti. Tesaṃ evaṃ vadantānañ ñeva Bhagavā tiṇasanthārake nisīdi. Atha brāhmaṇo dhītaraṃ vāmena hatthena gahetvā kamaṇḍaluṃ dakkhiṇena hatthena gahetvā Bhagavantaṃ upasaṅkamitvā “bho, pabbajita, tvañ ca suvaṇṇavaṇṇo ayañ ca dārikā, anucchavikā esā tava, imāhaṃ bhoto bhariyaṃ posāvanatthāya dammī” ti vatvā Bhagavato santikaṃ gantvā dātukāmo aṭṭhāsi. Bhagavā brāhmaṇaṃ anālapitvā aññena saddhiṃ sallapamāno viya “disvāna taṇhan” ti imaṃ gāthaṃ abhāsi.

842

Tass’attho ajapālanigrodhamūle nānārūpāni nimminitvā abhikāmam āgataṃ Māradhītaraṃ disvāna Taṇhaṃ Aratiṃ Ragañ ca chandamattam pi me methunasmiṃ nāhosi, kim ev’idaṃ imissā dārikāya muttakarīsapuṇṇaṃ rūpaṃ disvā bhavissati sabbathā pādā pi naṃ samphusituṃ na icche, kuto nena saṃvasitun ti.

843

Tato Māgaṇḍiyo “pabbajitā nāma mānusake kāme pahāya dibbakāmatthāya pabbajanti, ayañ ca dibbe pi kāme na icchati, idam pi itthiratanaṃ, kā nu assa diṭṭhī” ti pucchituṃ dutiyaṃ gātham āha. Tattha etādisaṃ ce ratanan ti dibbitthiratanaṃ sandhāya bhaṇati, nārin ti attano dhītaraṃ sandhāya. Diṭṭhigataṃ sīlavataṃ nu jīvitan ti diṭṭhiñ ca sīlañ ca vatañ ca jīvitañ ca. Bhavūpapattiñ ca vadesi kīdisan ti attano bhavūpapattiñ ca kīdisaṃ vadasī ti.

844

Ito parā dve gāthā visajjanapucchānayena pavattattā pākaṭasambandhā yeva. Tāsu paṭhamagāthāya saṅkhepattho tassa mayhaṃ, Māgaṇḍiya, dvāsaṭṭhidiṭṭhigata dhammesu nicchinitvā “idam eva saccaṃ, mogham aññan” ti evaṃ idaṃ vadāmī ti samuggahitaṃ na hoti natthi na vijjati. Kiṃkāraṇā? Ahañ hi passanto diṭṭhīsu ādīnavaṃ kañci diṭṭhiṃ aggahetvā saccāni pavicinanto ajjhattaṃ rāgādīnaṃ santibhāvena ajjhattasanti saṅkhātaṃ nibbānam eva addasan ti.

845

Dutiyagāthāya saṅkhepattho yāni māni diṭṭhigatāni tehi tehi sattehi vinicchinitvā gahitattā vinicchayā ti ca attano paccayehi abhisaṅkhatabhāvādinā nayena pakappitāni cā ti vuccanti. Te tvaṃ Muni diṭṭhigatadhamme aggahetvā ajjhattasantī ti yam etam atthaṃ brūsi, ācikkha me, kathaṃ nu dhīrehi paveditaṃ kathaṃ pakāsitaṃ dhīrehi taṃ padan ti.

846

Ath’assa Bhagavā yathā yena upāyena taṃ padaṃ dhīrehi pakāsitaṃ, taṃ upāyaṃ sapaṭipakkhaṃ dassento “na diṭṭhiyā” ti gātham āha. Tattha “na diṭṭhiyā” ti ādīhi diṭṭhi-suti-aṭṭhasamāpattiñāṇa-bāhirasīlabbatāni paṭikkhipati. “Suddhim āhā” ti ettha vuttaṃ āha-saddaṃ sabbattha nakārena saddhiṃ yojetvā purisabyattayaṃ katvā “diṭṭhiyā suddhiṃ nāhaṃ kathemī” ti evam attho veditabbo. Yathā c’ettha, evaṃ uttarapadesu pi. Tattha ca adiṭṭhiyā nāhā ti dasavatthukaṃ sammādiṭṭhiṃ vinā na kathemi. Tathā assutiyā ti navaṅgaṃ savanaṃ vinā. Añāṇā ti kammassa katasaccānulomikañāṇaṃ¹ vinā. Asīlatā ti pātimokkhasaṃvaraṃ vinā. Abbatā ti dhutaṅgavataṃ vinā. No pi tenā ti tesu ekamekena diṭṭhiādimattenāpi no kathemī ti evam attho veditabbo. Ete ca nissajja anuggahāyā ti ete ca purime diṭṭhiādibhede kaṇhapakkhiye dhamme samugghātakaraṇena nissajja, pacchime adiṭṭhiādibhede sukkapakkhiye atammayatāpajjanena anuggahāya. Santo anissāya bhavaṃ na jappe ti imāya paṭipattiyā rāgādivūpasamena santo cakkhādīsu kañci dhammaṃ anissāya ekam pi bhavaṃ apihetuṃ apatthetuṃ samattho siyā, ayam assa ajjhattasantī ti adhippāyo.

847

Evaṃ vutte vacanatthaṃ asallakkhento Māgaṇḍiyo “no ce kirā” ti gātham āha. Tattha diṭṭhādīni vuttanayān’eva. Kaṇhapakkhiyāni yeva pana sandhāya ubhayatrāpi āha. Āha-saddaṃ pana nocekira-saddena yojetvā “no ce kirāha no ce kira kathesī” ti evaṃ attho daṭṭhabbo. Momuhan ti atimūḷhaṃ, mohanaṃ vā. Paccentī ti jānanti.

848

Ath’assa Bhagavā taṃ diṭṭhiṃ nissāya pucchaṃ paṭikkhipanto “diṭṭhiñ ca nissāyā” ti gātham āha. Tass’attho tvaṃ, Māgaṇḍiya, diṭṭhiṃ nissāya punappunaṃ pucchamāno yāni te diṭṭhigatāni samuggahitāni, tesv eva samuggahītesu evaṃ pamohaṃ āgato, ito ca mayā vutta-ajjhattasantito paṭipattito dhammadesanato vā aṇum pi yuttasaññaṃ na passasi, tena kāraṇena tvaṃ imaṃ dhammaṃ momuhato passasī ti.

849

Evaṃ samuggahitesu pamohena Māgaṇḍiyassa vivādāpattiṃ dassetvā idāni tesu aññesu ca dhammesu vigatappamohassa attano nibbivādataṃ dassento “samo visesī” ti gātham āha. Tass’attho yo evaṃ tividhamānena vā diṭṭhiyā vā maññati, so tena mānena tāya diṭṭhiyā tena vā puggalena vivadeyya. Yo pana amhādiso imāsu tīsu vidhāsu avikampamāno, samo visesī ti na tassa hoti, na ca hīno ti pāṭhaseso.

850

Kiñca bhiyyo saccan ti so ti gāthā. Tass’attho so evarūpo pahīnamānadiṭṭhiko mādiso bāhitapāpattādinā nayena brāhmaṇo “idam eva saccan” ti kiṃ vadeyya kiṃ vatthuṃ bhaṇeyya, kena vā kāraṇena bhaṇeyya, “mayhaṃ saccaṃ, tuyhaṃ musā” ti vā kena mānena diṭṭhiyā puggalena vā vivadeyya? Yasmiṃ mādise khīṇāsave “sadiso’ham asmī” ti pavattiyā samaṃ vā, itaradvayabhāvena pavattiyā visamaṃ vā maññitaṃ natthi, so samānādīsu kena vādaṃ paṭisaṃyujeyya paṭipphareyyā ti. Nanu ekaṃsen’eva evarūpo puggalo okaṃ pahāyā ti gāthā?

851

Tattha okaṃ pahāyā ti rūpavatthādiviññāṇassa okāsaṃ tatra chandarāgappahānena chaḍḍetvā. Aniketasārī ti rūpanimittaniketādīni taṇhāvasena asaranto. Gāme akubbaṃ muni santhavānī ti gāme gihisanthavāni akaronto. Kāmehi ritto ti kāmesu chandarāgābhāvena sabbakāmehi puthubhūto. Apurekkharāno ti āyatiṃ attabhāvaṃ anabhinibbattento. Kathaṃ na viggayha janena kayirā ti janena saddhiṃ viggāhikakathaṃ na katheyya. So evarūpo yehi vivitto ti gāthā.

852

Tattha yehī ti yehi diṭṭhigatehi. Vivitto vicareyyā ti ritto careyya. Na tāni uggayha vadeyya nāgo ti “āguṃ na karotī” ti ādinā (cūḷani. bhadrāvudhamāṇavapucchāniddesa 70, pārāyanānugītigāthāniddesa 102) nayena nāgo tāni diṭṭhigatāni uggahetvā na vadeyya. Jalambujan ti jalasaññite ambumhi jātaṃ kaṇṭakanāḷaṃ vārijaṃ, paduman ti vuttaṃ hoti. Yathā jalena paṅkena ca nūpalittan ti taṃ padumaṃ yathā jalena ca paṅkena ca anupalittaṃ hoti, evaṃ muni santivādo agiddho ti evaṃ ajjhattasantivādo muni gedhābhāvena agiddho. Kāme ca loke ca anūpalitto ti duvidhe pi kāme apāyādike ca loke dvīhi pi lepehi anupalitto hoti.

853

Kiñca bhiyyo na vedagū ti gāthā. Tattha na vedagū diṭṭhiyāyako ti catumaggavedagū mādiso diṭṭhiyāyako na hoti, diṭṭhiyā gacchanto vā, taṃ sārato paccento vā na hoti. Tattha vacanattho yāyatī ti yāyako, karaṇavacanena diṭṭhiyā yātī ti diṭṭhiyāyako. Upayogatthe sāmivacanena diṭṭhiyā yātī ti pi diṭṭhiyāyako. Na mutiyā sa mānam etī ti mutarūpādibhedāya mutiyā pi so mānaṃ na eti. Na hi tammayo so ti taṇhādiṭṭhivasena tammayo hoti tapparāyaṇo, ayaṃ pana na tādiso. Na kammunā no pi sutena neyyo ti puññābhisaṅkhārādinā kammunā vā sutasuddhiādinā sutena vā so netabbo na hoti. Anūpanīto sa nivesanesū ti so dvinnam pi upayānaṃ pahīnattā sabbesu taṇhādiṭṭhinivesanesu anūpanīto. Tassa ca evaṃvidhassa saññāvirattassā ti gāthā.

854

Tattha saññāvirattassā ti nekkhammasaññāpubbaṅgamāya bhāvanāya pahīnakāmādisaññassa. Iminā padena ubhatobhāgavimutto samathayāniko adhippeto. Paññāvimuttassā ti vipassanāpubbaṅgamāya bhāvanāya sabbakilesehi vimuttassa. Iminā sukkhavipassako adhippeto. Saññañ ca diṭṭhiñ ca ye aggahesuṃ, te ghaṭṭayantā vicaranti loke ti ye kāmasaññādikaṃ saññaṃ aggahesuṃ, te visesato gahaṭṭhā kāmādhikaraṇaṃ, ye ca diṭṭhiṃ aggahesuṃ, te visesato pabbajitā dhammādhikaraṇaṃ aññamaññaṃ ghaṭṭentā vicarantī ti. Sesam ettha yaṃ avuttaṃ, taṃ vuttānusāren’eva veditabbaṃ. Desanāpariyosāne brāhmaṇo ca brāhmaṇī ca pabbajitvā arahattaṃ pāpuṇiṃsū ti.