舍利弗经注

Sāriputtasuttavaṇṇanā

Na me diṭṭho ti Sāriputtasuttaṃ, “Therapañhasuttan” ti pi vuccati. Kā uppatti? Imassa suttassa uppatti Rājagahakassa seṭṭhissa candanaghaṭikāya paṭilābhaṃ ādiṃ katvā tāya candanaghaṭikāya katassa pattassa ākāse ussāpanaṃ āyasmato Piṇḍolabhāradvājassa iddhiyā pattaggahaṇaṃ, tasmiṃ vatthusmiṃ sāvakānaṃ iddhipaṭikkhepo, titthiyānaṃ Bhagavatā saddhiṃ pāṭihāriyaṃ kattukāmatā, pāṭihāriyakaraṇaṃ, Bhagavato Sāvatthigamanaṃ, titthiyānubandhanaṃ, Sāvatthiyaṃ Pasenadino Buddhūpagamanaṃ Gaṇḍambapātubhāvo, catunnaṃ parisānaṃ titthiyajayatthaṃ pāṭihāriya-karaṇussukka-nivāraṇaṃ, yamakapāṭihāriyakaraṇaṃ, katapāṭihāriyassa Bhagavato tāvatiṃsabhavanagamanaṃ, tattha temāsaṃ dhammadesanā, āyasmatā Mahāmoggallānattherena yācitassa devalokato Saṅkassanagare orohaṇanti imāni vatthūni antarantare ca jātakāni vitthāretvā yāva dasasahassacakkavāḷadevatāhi pūjiyamāno Bhagavā majjhe maṇimayena sopānena Saṅkassanagare oruyha sopānakaḷevare aṭṭhāsi

“Ye jhānappasutā dhīrā, nekkhammūpasame ratā,
Devā pi tesaṃ pihayanti, sambuddhānaṃ satīmatan” ti. (dha. pa. 181)

Imissā Dhammapadagāthāya vuccamānāya vuttā. Sopānakaḷevare ṭhitaṃ pana Bhagavantaṃ sabbapaṭhamaṃ āyasmā Sāriputto vandi, tato Uppalavaṇṇā bhikkhunī, athāparo janakāyo. Tatra Bhagavā cintesi “imissaṃ parisati Moggallāno iddhiyā aggo ti pākaṭo, Anuruddho dibbacakkhunā, Puṇṇo dhammakathikattena, Sāriputtaṃ panāyaṃ parisā na kenaci guṇena evaṃ aggo ti jānāti, yaṃ nūnāhaṃ Sāriputtaṃ paññāguṇena pakāseyyan” ti. Atha theraṃ pañhaṃ pucchi. Thero Bhagavatā pucchitaṃ pucchitaṃ puthujjanapañhaṃ, sekkhapañhaṃ, asekkhapañhañ ca, sabbaṃ vissajjesi. Tadā naṃ jano “paññāya aggo” ti aññāsi. Atha Bhagavā “Sāriputto na idān’eva paññāya aggo, atīte pi paññāya aggo” ti jātakaṃ ānesi.

Atīte parosahassā isayo vanamūlaphalāhārā pabbatapāde vasanti. Tesaṃ ācariyassa ābādho uppajji, upaṭṭhānāni vattanti. Jeṭṭhantevāsī “sappāyabhesajjaṃ āharissāmi, ācariyaṃ appamattā upaṭṭhahathā” ti vatvā manussapathaṃ agamāsi. Tasmiṃ anāgate yeva ācariyo kālam akāsi. Taṃ “idāni kālaṃ karissatī” ti antevāsikā samāpattim ārabbha pucchiṃsu. So ākiñcaññāyatanasamāpattiṃ sandhāyāha “natthi kiñcī” ti, antevāsino “natthi ācariyassa adhigamo” ti aggahesuṃ. Atha jeṭṭhantevāsī bhesajjaṃ ādāya āgantvā taṃ kālakataṃ disvā “ācariyaṃ kiñci pucchitthā” ti āha. “Āma pucchimhā, ‘natthi kiñcī’ ti āha, na kiñci ācariyena adhigatan” ti. Natthi kiñcī ti vadanto ācariyo ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ pavedesi, sakkātabbo ācariyo ti.

“Parosahassam pi samāgatānaṃ, kandeyyuṃ te vassasataṃ apaññā,
Eko pi seyyo puriso sapañño, yo bhāsitassa vijānāti atthan” ti. (jā. 1.1.99),

Kathite ca pana Bhagavatā jātake āyasmā Sāriputto attano saddhivihārikānaṃ pañcannaṃ bhikkhusatānam atthāya sappāya-senāsana-gocara-sīlavatādīni pucchituṃ “na me diṭṭho ito pubbe” ti imaṃ thutigāthaṃ ādiṃ katvā aṭṭha gāthāyo abhāsi. Tam atthaṃ vissajjento Bhagavā tato parā sesagāthā ti.

962

Tattha ito pubbe ti ito Saṅkassanagare otaraṇato pubbe. Vagguvado ti sundaravado. Tusitā gaṇimāgato ti tusitakāyā cavitvā mātukucchiṃ āgatattā tusitā āgato, gaṇācariyattā gaṇī. Santuṭṭhaṭṭhena vā tusitasaṅkhātā devalokā gaṇiṃ āgato tusitānaṃ vā arahantānaṃ gaṇiṃ āgato ti.

963

Dutiyagāthāya sadevakassa lokassa yathā dissatī ti sadevakassa lokassa viya manussānam pi dissati. Yathā vā dissatī ti tacchato aviparītato dissati cakkhumā ti uttamacakkhu. Eko ti pabbajjāsaṅkhātādīhi eko. Ratin ti nekkhammaratiādiṃ.

964

Tatiyagāthāya bahūnam idha baddhānan ti idha bahūnaṃ khattiyādīnaṃ sissānaṃ. Sissā hi ācariye paṭibaddhavuttittā “baddhā” ti vuccanti atthi pañhena āgaman ti atthiko pañhena āgato’mhi, atthikānaṃ vā pañhena āgamanaṃ, pañhena atthi āgamanaṃ vā ti.

965

Catutthagāthāya vijigucchato ti jātiādīhi aṭṭīyato rittam āsanan ti vivittaṃ mañcapīṭhaṃ. Pabbatānaṃ guhāsu vā ti pabbataguhāsu vā rittam āsanaṃ bhajato ti sambandhitabbaṃ.

966

Pañcamagāthāya uccāvacesū ti hīnapaṇītesu. Sayanesū ti vihārādīsu senāsanesu. Kīvanto tattha bheravā ti kittakā tattha bhayakāraṇā. “Kuvanto” ti pi pāṭho, kūjanto ti c’assa attho. Na pana pubbenāparaṃ sandhiyati.

967

Chaṭṭhagāthāya katī parissayā ti kittakā upaddavā. Agataṃ disan ti nibbānaṃ. Tañ hi agatapubbattā agataṃ tathā niddisitabbato disā cā ti. Tena vuttaṃ “agataṃ disan” ti. Abhisambhave ti abhibhaveyya. Pantamhī ti pariyante.

968

Sattamagāthāya kyāssa byappathayo assū ti kīdisāni tassa vacanāni assu.

969

Aṭṭhamagāthāya ekodi nipako ti ekaggacitto paṇḍito.

970

Evaṃ āyasmatā Sāriputtena tīhi gāthāhi Bhagavantaṃ thometvā pañcahi gāthāhi pañcasatānaṃ sissānam atthāya senāsana-gocara-sīlavatādīni pucchito Bhagavā tam atthaṃ pakāsetuṃ “vijigucchamānassā” ti ādinā nayena vissajjanam āraddho. Tattha paṭhamagāthāya tāvattho jātiādīhi vijigucchamānassa rittāsanaṃ sayanaṃ sevato ce sambodhikāmassa Sāriputta, bhikkhuno yad idaṃ phāsu yo phāsuvihāro yathānudhammaṃ yo ca anudhammo, taṃ te pavakkhāmi yathā pajānaṃ yathā pajānanto vadeyya, evaṃ vadāmī ti.

971

Dutiyagāthāya pariyantacārī ti sīlādīsu catūsu pariyantesu caramāno. Ḍaṃsādhipātānan ti piṅgalamakkhikānañ ca sesamakkhikānañ ca. Sesamakkhikā hi tato tato adhipatitvā khādanti, tasmā “adhipātā” ti vuccanti. Manussaphassānan ti corādiphassānaṃ.

972

Tatiyagāthāya paradhammikā nāma satta sahadhammikavajjā sabbe pi bāhirakā. Kusalānuesī ti kusaladhamme anvesamāno.

973

Catutthagāthāya ātaṅkaphassenā ti rogaphassena. Sītaṃ atuṇhan ti sītañ ca uṇhañ ca. So tehi phuṭṭho bahudhā ti so tehi ātaṅkādīhi anekehi ākārehi phuṭṭho samāno pi. Anoko ti abhisaṅkhāraviññāṇādīnaṃ anokāsabhūto.

974

Evaṃ “bhikkhuno vijigucchato” ti ādīhi tīhi gāthāhi puṭṭham atthaṃ vissajjetvā idāni “kyāssa byappathayo” ti ādinā nayena puṭṭhaṃ vissajjento “theyyaṃ na kāre” ti ādim āha. Tattha phasse ti phareyya. Yad āvilattaṃ manaso vijaññā ti yaṃ cittassa āvilattaṃ vijāneyya, taṃ sabbaṃ “kaṇhassa pakkho” ti vinodayeyya.

975

Mūlampi tesaṃ palikhañña tiṭṭhe ti tesaṃ kodhātimānānaṃ yaṃ avijjādikaṃ mūlaṃ, tam pi palikhaṇitvā tiṭṭheyya. Addhā bhavanto abhisambhaveyyā ti evaṃ piyappiyaṃ abhibhavanto ekaṃsen’eva abhibhaveyya, na tatra sithilaṃ parakkameyyā ti adhippāyo.

976

Paññaṃ purakkhatvā ti paññaṃ pubbaṅgamaṃ katvā. Kalyāṇapītī ti kalyāṇāya pītiyā samannāgato. Caturo sahetha paridevadhamme ti anantaragāthāya vuccamāne paridevanīyadhamme saheyya.

977

Kiṃ sū asissāmī ti kiṃ bhuñjissāmi. Kuvaṃ vā asissan ti kuhiṃ vā asissāmi. Dukkhaṃ vata settha kv ajja sessan ti imaṃ rattiṃ dukkhaṃ sayiṃ, ajja āgamanarattiṃ kattha sayissaṃ. Ete vitakke ti ete piṇḍapātanissite dve, senāsananissite dve ti cattāro vitakke. Aniketacārī ti apalibodhacārī nittaṇhacārī.

978

Kāle ti piṇḍapātakāle piṇḍapātasaṅkhātaṃ annaṃ vā cīvarakāle cīvarasaṅkhātaṃ vasanaṃ vā laddhā dhammena samenā ti adhippāyo. Mattaṃ so jaññā ti paṭiggahaṇe ca paribhoge ca so pamāṇaṃ jāneyya. Idhā ti sāsane, nipātamattam eva vā etaṃ. Tosanatthan ti santosatthaṃ, etad atthaṃ mattaṃ jāneyyā ti vuttaṃ hoti. So tesu gutto ti so bhikkhu tesu paccayesu gutto. Yatacārī ti saṃyatavihāro, rakkhitiriyāpatho rakkhitakāyavacīmanodvāro cāti vuttaṃ hoti. “Yaticārī” ti pi pāṭho, so yevattho. Rusito ti rosito, ghaṭṭito ti vuttaṃ hoti.

979

Jhānānuyutto ti anupannuppādanena uppannāsevanena ca jhāne anuyutto. Upekkham ārabbha samāhitatto ti catutthajjhānupekkhaṃ uppādetvā samāhitacitto. Takkāsayaṃ kukkucciy’ūpachinde ti kāmavitakkādiṃ takkañ ca, kāmasaññādiṃ tassa takkassa āsayañ ca, hatthakukkuccādiṃ kukkucciyañ ca upacchindeyya.

980

Cudito vacībhi satimābhinande ti upajjhāyādīhi vācāhi codito samāno satimā hutvā taṃ codanaṃ abhinandeyya. Vācaṃ pamuñce kusalan ti ñāṇasamuṭṭhitaṃ vācaṃ pamuñceyya. Nātivelan ti ativelaṃ pana vācaṃ kālavelañ ca sīlavelañ ca atikkantaṃ nappamuñceyya. Janavādadhammāyā ti janavādakathāya. Na cetayeyyā ti cetanaṃ na uppādeyya.

981

Athāparan ti atha idāni ito param pi. Pañca rajānī ti rūparāgādīni pañca rajāni. Yesaṃ satīmā vinayāya sikkhe ti yesaṃ upaṭṭhitassati hutvā vinayanatthaṃ tisso sikkhā sikkheyya. Evaṃ sikkhanto hi rūpesu…pe… phassesu sahetha rāgaṃ, na aññe ti.

982

Tato so tesaṃ vinayāya sikkhanto anukkamena etesu dhammesū ti gāthā. Tattha etesū ti rūpādīsu. Kālena so sammā dhammaṃ parivīmaṃsamāno ti so bhikkhu yvāyaṃ “uddhate citte samādhissa kālo” ti ādinā nayena kālo vutto, tena kālena sabbaṃ saṅkhatadhammaṃ aniccādinayena parivīmaṃsamāno. Ekodibhūto vihane tamaṃ so ti so ekaggacitto sabbaṃ mohāditamaṃ vihaneyya. Natthi ettha saṃsayo. Sesaṃ sabbattha pākaṭam eva.

Evaṃ Bhagavā arahattanikūṭena desanaṃ niṭṭhāpesi. Desanāpariyosāne pañcasatā bhikkhū arahattaṃ pattā, tiṃsakoṭisaṅkhyānañ ca devamanussānaṃ dhammābhisamayo ahosī ti.