带插入元音动词之分析

Namo tassa Bhagavato Arahato Sammāsambuddhassa

Ganthārambhakathā

Dhīrehi magganāyena yena Buddhena desitaṃ
sitaṃ dhammam idh’aññāya ñāyate amataṃ padaṃ,

taṃ namitvā mahāvīraṃ sabbaññuṃ lokanāyakaṃ
mahākāruṇikaṃ seṭṭhaṃ visuddhaṃ suddhidāyakaṃ,

Saddhammañ c’assa pūjetvā suddhaṃ santam asaṅkhataṃ
atakkāvacaraṃ suṭṭhu vibhattaṃ madhuraṃ sivaṃ,

Saṅghassa c’añjaliṃ katvā puññakkhettassa tādino
sīlasamādhipaññādi-visuddhaguṇajotino

namassanādipuññassa katassa ratanattaye
tejasāhaṃ pahantvāna antarāye asesato

lokanītiviyattassa satthu saddhammanītino
sāsanatthaṃ pavakkhāmi saddanītim anākulaṃ. 6

Āsavakkhayalābhena hoti sāsanasampadā,
āsavakkhayalābho ca saccādhigamahetuko,

saccādhigamanaṃ tañ ca paṭipattissitaṃ mataṃ,
paṭipatti ca sā kāmaṃ pariyattiparāyaṇā, 8

pariyattābhiyuttānaṃ viditvā saddalakkhaṇaṃ
yasmā na hoti sammoho akkharesu padesu ca,

yasmā cāmohabhāvena akkharesu padesu ca
pāḷiyatthaṃ vijānanti viññū sugatasāsane,

pāḷiyatthāvabodhena yoniso satthu sāsane
sappaññā paṭipajjanti paṭipattim atandikā,

yoniso paṭipajjitvā dhammaṃ lokuttaraṃ varaṃ
pāpuṇanti visuddhāya sīlādipaṭipattiyā,

tasmā tadatthikā suddhaṃ nayaṃ nissāya viññunaṃ
bhaññamānaṃ mayā saddanītiṃ gaṇhantu sādhukaṃ. 13

Dhātu dhātūhi nipphannarūpāni ca, salakkhaṇo
sandhi, nāmādibhedo ca, padānaṃ tu vibhatti ca,

pāḷinayādayo cc evam ettha nānappakārato
sāsanassopakārāya bhavissati vibhāvanā. 15

Savikaraṇākhyātavibhāga

Tattha dhātū ti ken’aṭṭhena dhātu? Sakattham pi dhāretī ti dhātu, atthātisayayogato parattham pi dhāretī ti dhātu, vīsatiyā upasaggesu yena kenaci upasaggena atthavisesakāraṇena paṭibaddhā atthavisesam pi dhāretī ti dhātu, “ayaṃ imissā attho, ayam ito paccayo paro” ti ādinā anekappakārena paṇḍitehi dhāriyati esā ti pi dhātu, vidahanti viduno etāya saddanipphattiṃ ayalohādimayaṃ ayalohādidhātūhi viyā ti pi dhātu. Evaṃ tāva dhātusaddass’attho veditabbo.

Dhātusaddo jinamate itthiliṅgattane mato;
satthe pulliṅgabhāvasmiṃ Kaccāyanamate dvisu. 16

atha vā jinamate “tato Gotamidhātūnī” ti ettha dhātusaddo liṅgavipallāse vattati “pabbatāni vanāni cā” ti ettha pabbatasaddo viya, na pan’ettha vattabbaṃ “aṭṭhivācakattā napuṃsakaniddeso” ti aṭṭhivācakatte pi “dhātuyo” ti itthiliṅgadassanato.

Bhūvādayo saddā dhātavo, seyyathidaṃ bhū i ku ke takka¹ taka taki suka icc ādayo. Gaṇato te aṭṭhavidhā:

1. bhūvādigaṇo
2. rudhādigaṇo
3. divādigaṇo
4. svādigaṇo
5. kiyādigaṇo
6. gahādigaṇo
7. tanādigaṇo
8. curādigaṇo cā ti.

Idāni tesaṃ vikaraṇasaññite paccaye dassessāma. Anekavidhā hi paccayā nānappakāresu nāmanāma-kitanāma-samāsanāma-taddhitanām’ākhyātesu pavattanato, saṅkhepato pana duvidhā va: nāmapaccayo ākhyātapaccayo cā ti. Tatrāpi ākhyātapaccayā duvidhā: vikaraṇapaccaya-novikaraṇapaccayavasena. Tattha vikaraṇapaccayo akārādi-sattarasavidho, aggahitaggahaṇena pannarasavidho ca, novikaraṇapaccayo pana kha-cha-sādinekavidho. Ye rūpanipphattiyā upakārakā, atthavisesassa jotakā vā ajotakā vā, lopanīyā vā alopanīyā vā, te saddā paccayā.

Paṭicca kāraṇaṃ taṃ taṃ entī ti paccayātha vā
paṭicca saddanipphatti ito etī ti paccayā. 17

Nāmikappaccayānaṃ yo vibhāgo āvihessati
Nāmakappe yato, tasmā na taṃ vitthārayāmase;

yo novikaraṇānaṃ tu paccayānaṃ vibhāgato,
so pan’Ākhyātakappamhi vitthārenāgamissatī ti. 19

Iccānekavidhesu paccayesu vikaraṇapaccayā nāma ime ti sallakkhetabbā. Kathaṃ?

1. Bhūvādigaṇato apaccayo hoti kattari,
2. rudhādigaṇato akār-ivaṇṇ-ekār-okārapaccayā honti kattari pubbamajjhaṭṭhāne niggahītāgamo ca,
3. divādigaṇato yapaccayo hoti kattari,
4. svādigaṇato ṇu-ṇā-uṇāpaccayā honti kattari,
5. kiyādigaṇato nāpaccayo hoti kattari,
6. gahādigaṇato ppa-ṇhāpaccayā honti kattari,
7. tanādigaṇato o-yirapaccayā honti kattari,
8. curādigaṇato ṇe-ṇayapaccayā honti kattari.

akāro ca, ivaṇṇo ca, e-okārā ca, yo tathā,
ṇu ṇā uṇā ca, nā, ppa-ṇhā, yirā², ṇe-ṇayapaccayā

aggahitaggahaṇena evaṃ pannaraseritā
vikaraṇavhayā ete paccayā ti vibhāvaye. 21

Ye evaṃ niddiṭṭhehi vikaraṇapaccayehi tadaññehi ca sappaccayā aṭṭhavidhā dhātugaṇā suttantesu bahūpakārā, tesv āyaṃ bhūvādigaṇo.

Bhū sattāyaṃ. Bhūdhātu vijjamānatāyaṃ vattati. Sakammikākammikāsu dhātūsu ayaṃ akammikā dhātu, na pana “dhammabhūto” ti ādīsu pattiatthavācikā aparā bhūdhātu viya sakammikā, esā hi pari-abhiādīhi upasaggehi yuttā yeva sakammikā bhavati, na upa³-parā-pātuādīhi upasagga-nipātehi yuttā pi, ato imissā siddhāni rūpāni dvidhā ñeyyāni: akammakapadāni sakammakapadāni cā ti.

Suddhakattukriyāpadaniddesa

Tatra bhavati ubbhavati samubbhavati pabhavati parābhavati sambhavati vibhavati bhoti sambhoti vibhoti pātubhavati pātubbhavati pātubhoti imāni akammakapadāni. Ettha pātu iti nipāto, so “āvibhavati tirobhavatī” ti ādīsu āvi-tironipātā viya bhūdhātuto nipphannākhyātasaddassa n’eva visesakaro na ca sakammakattasādhako, u icc ādayo upasaggā, te pana visesakarā na sakammakattasādhakā. Yesam attho kammena sambandhanīyo na hoti, tāni padāni akammakāni. Akammakapadānaṃ yathārahaṃ sakammakākammakavasena attho kathetabbo. Paribhoti paribhavati, abhibhoti abhibhavati, adhibhoti adhibhavati, atibhoti atibhavati, anubhoti anubhavati, samanubhoti samanubhavati, abhisambhoti abhisambhavati imāni sakammakapadāni. Ettha pari icc ādayo upasaggā, te bhūdhātuto nipphannākhyātasaddassa visesakarā c’eva sakammakattasādhakā ca. Yesam attho kammena sambandhanīyo, tāni padāni sakammakāni. Sakammakapadānaṃ sakammakavasena attho kathetabbo, kvaci ⁴ akammakavasena pi. Evaṃ suddhakattukriyāpadāni bhavanti. Uddeso’yaṃ.

Tatra bhavatī ti hoti vijjati paññāyati sarūpaṃ labhati; ubbhavatī ti uppajjati sarūpaṃ labhati; samubbhavatī ti samuppajjati sarūpaṃ labhati; pabhavatī ti hoti sambhavati, atha vā pabhavatī ti yato kutoci sandati, na vicchijjati, avicchinnaṃ hoti, taṃ taṃ ṭhānaṃ visarati; parābhavatī ti parābhavo hoti byasanaṃ āpajjati avuddhiṃ pāpuṇāti; sambhavatī ti suṭṭhu bhavati vuddhiṃ virūḷhiṃ vepullaṃ āpajjati; vibhavatī ti ucchijjati vinassati vipajjati, visesato vā bhavati sampajjati; bhoti sambhoti vibhotī ti imāni bhavati sambhavati vibhavatī ti imehi yathākkamaṃ samānaniddesāni; pātubhavatī ti pakāsati dissati paññāyati pākaṭaṃ hoti; pātubbhavati pātubhotī ti imāni pātubhavatī ti iminā samānaniddesāni. Evaṃ akammakapadānaṃ yathārahaṃ sakammakākammakavasena atthakathanaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ, evam uttaratrāpi aññesam pi akammakapadānaṃ.

Paribhotidukādīsu pana sattasu dukesu yathākkamaṃ dve dve padāni samānatthāni, tasmā dve dve padāni yeva gahetvā niddisissāma. Tatra paribhoti paribhavatī ti paraṃ hiṃsati pīḷeti, atha vā hīḷeti avajānāti; abhibhoti abhibhavatī ti paraṃ ajjhottharati maddati; adhibhoti adhibhavatī ti paraṃ abhimadditvā bhavati attano vasaṃ vattāpeti; atibhoti atibhavatī ti paraṃ atikkamitvā bhavati; anubhoti anubhavatī ti sukhadukkhaṃ vedeti paribhuñjati sukhadukkhapaṭisaṃvedī hoti; samanubhoti samanubhavatī ti sukhadukkhaṃ suṭṭhu vedeti suṭṭhu paribhuñjati suṭṭhu sukhadukkhapaṭisaṃvedī hoti; abhisambhoti abhisambhavatī ti paraṃ ajjhottharati maddati. Evaṃ sakammakapadānaṃ sakammakavasena atthakathanaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ, katthaci pana “gacchatī” ti “pavattatī” ti evaṃ akammakavasena pi; evam uttaratrāpi aññesaṃ sakammakapadānaṃ.

apaccayo paro hoti bhūvādigaṇato sati
suddhakattukriyākhyāne sabbadhātukanissite. 22

Ayaṃ suddhakattukriyāpadānaṃ niddeso.

Hetukattukriyāpadaniddesa