Cūḷasaṅgāmo

Anuvijjakassa paṭipattivaṇṇanā

365

Cūḷasaṅgāme saṅgāmāvacarena bhikkhunā ti saṅgāmo vuccati adhikaraṇavinicchayatthāya saṅghasannipāto. Tatra hi attapaccatthikā ceva sāsanapaccatthikā ca uddhammaṃ ubbinayaṃ satthu sāsanaṃ dīpentā samosaranti vesālikā vajjiputtakā viya. Yo bhikkhu tesaṃ paccatthikānaṃ laddhiṃ madditvā sakavādadīpanatthāya tattha avacarati, ajjhogāhetvā vinicchayaṃ pavatteti, so saṅgāmāvacaro nāma yasatthero viya. Tena saṅgāmāvacarena bhikkhunā saṅghaṃ upasaṅkamantena nīcacittena saṅgho upasaṅkamitabbo. Nīcacittenā ti mānaddhajaṃ nipātetvā nihatamānacittena. Rajoharaṇasamenā ti pādapuñchanasamena; yathā rajoharaṇassa saṃkiliṭṭhe vā asaṃkiliṭṭhe vā pāde puñchiyamāne neva rāgo na doso; evaṃ iṭṭhāniṭṭhesu arajjantena adussantenāti attho. Yathāpatirūpe āsane ti yathāpatirūpaṃ āsanaṃ ñatvā attano pāpuṇanaṭṭhāne therānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ piṭṭhiṃ adassetvā nisīditabbaṃ. Anānākathikenā ti nānāvidhaṃ taṃ taṃ anatthakathaṃ akathentena. Atiracchānakathikenā ti diṭṭhasutamutampi rājakathādikaṃ tiracchānakathaṃ akathentena. Sāmaṃ vā dhammo bhāsitabbo ti saṅghasannipātaṭṭhāne kappiyākappiyanissitā vā rūpārūpaparicchedasamathācāravipassanācāraṭṭhānanisajjavattādinissitā vā kathā dhammo nāma. Evarūpo dhammo sayaṃ vā bhāsitabbo, paro vā ajjhesitabbo. Yo bhikkhu tathārūpiṃ kathaṃ kathetuṃ pahoti, so vattabbo – “āvuso saṅghamajjhamhi pañhe uppanne tvaṃ katheyyāsī”ti. Ariyo vā tuṇhībhāvo nātimaññitabbo ti ariyā tuṇhī nisīdantā na bālaputhujjanā viya nisīdanti. Aññataraṃ kammaṭṭhānaṃ gahetvāva nisīdanti. Iti kammaṭṭhānamanasikāravasena tuṇhībhāvo ariyo tuṇhībhāvo nāma, so nātimaññitabbo, kiṃ kammaṭṭhānānuyogenāti nāvajānitabbo; attano patirūpaṃ kammaṭṭhānaṃ gahetvāva nisīditabbanti attho.

Na upajjhāyo pucchitabbo ti “ko nāmo tuyhaṃ upajjhāyo”ti na pucchitabbo. Esa nayo sabbattha. Na jātī ti “khattiyajātiyo tvaṃ brāhmaṇajātiyo”ti evaṃ jāti na pucchitabbā. Na āgamo ti “dīghabhāṇakosi tvaṃ majjhimabhāṇako”ti evaṃ āgamo na pucchitabbo. Kulapadeso ti khattiyakulādivaseneva veditabbo. Atrassa pemaṃ vā doso vā ti atra puggale etesaṃ kāraṇānaṃ aññataravasena pemaṃ vā bhaveyya doso vā.

No parisakappikenā ti parisakappakena parisānuvidhāyakena na bhavitabbaṃ; yaṃ parisāya ruccati, tadeva cetetvā kappetvā na kathetabbanti attho. Na hatthamuddā dassetabbā ti kathetabbe ca akathetabbe ca saññājananatthaṃ hatthavikāro na kātabbo.

Atthaṃ anuvidhiyantenā ti vinicchayapaṭivedhameva sallakkhentena “idaṃ suttaṃ upalabbhati, imasmiṃ vinicchaye idaṃ vakkhāmī”ti evaṃ paritulayantena nisīditabbanti attho. Na ca āsanā vuṭṭhātabban ti na āsanā vuṭṭhāya sannipātamaṇḍale vicaritabbaṃ, vinayadhare uṭṭhite sabbā parisā uṭṭhahati. Na vītihātabban ti na vinicchayo hāpetabbo. Na kummaggo sevitabbo ti na āpatti dīpetabbā. Asāhasikena bhavitabban ti na sahasākārinā bhavitabbaṃ; sahasā duruttavacanaṃ na kathetabbanti attho. Vacanakkhamenā ti duruttavācaṃ khamanasīlena. Hitaparisakkinā ti hitesinā hitagavesinā karuṇā ca karuṇāpubbabhāgo ca upaṭṭhāpetabboti ayaṃ padadvayepi adhippāyo. Anasuruttenā ti na asuruttena. Asuruttaṃ vuccati viggāhikakathāsaṅkhātaṃ asundaravacanaṃ; taṃ na kathetabbanti attho. Attā pariggahetabbo ti “vinicchinituṃ vūpasametuṃ sakkhissāmi nu kho no”ti evaṃ attā pariggahetabbo; attano pamāṇaṃ jānitabbanti attho. Paro pariggahetabbo ti “lajjiyā nu kho ayaṃ parisā, sakkā saññāpetuṃ udāhu no”ti evaṃ paro pariggahetabbo.

Codako pariggahetabbo ti “dhammacodako nu kho no”ti evaṃ pariggahetabbo. Cuditako pariggahetabbo ti “dhammacuditako nu kho no”ti evaṃ pariggahetabbo. Adhammacodako pariggahetabbo ti tassa pamāṇaṃ jānitabbaṃ. Sesesupi eseva nayo. Vuttaṃ ahāpentenā ti codakacuditakehi vuttavacanaṃ ahāpentena. Avuttaṃ apakāsentenā ti anosaṭaṃ vatthuṃ appakāsentena. Mando hāsetabbo ti mando momūho paggaṇhitabbo, “nanu tvaṃ kulaputto”ti uttejetvā anuyogavattaṃ kathāpetvā tassa anuyogo gaṇhitabbo. Bhīrū assāsetabbo ti yassa saṅghamajjhaṃ vā gaṇamajjhaṃ vā anosaṭapubbattā sārajjaṃ uppajjati, tādiso “mā bhāyi, vissaṭṭho kathehi, mayaṃ te upatthambhā bhavissāmā”ti vatvāpi anuyogavattaṃ kathāpetabbo. Caṇḍo nisedhetabbo ti apasādetabbo tajjetabbo. Asuci vibhāvetabbo ti alajjiṃ pakāsetvā āpattiṃ desāpetabbo. Ujumaddavenā ti yo bhikkhu uju sīlavā kāyavaṅkādirahito, so maddaveneva upacaritabbo. Dhammesu ca puggalesu cā ti ettha yo dhammagaruko hoti na puggalagaruko, ayameva dhammesu ca puggalesu ca majjhattoti veditabbo.

366

Suttaṃ saṃsandanatthāyā tiādīsu tena ca pana evaṃ sabrahmacārīnaṃ piyamanāpagarubhāvanīyena anuvijjakena samudāhaṭesu suttādīsu suttaṃ saṃsandanatthāya; āpattānāpattīnaṃ saṃsandanatthanti veditabbaṃ. Opammaṃ nidassanatthāyā ti opammaṃ atthadassanatthāya. Attho viññāpanatthāyā ti attho jānāpanatthāya. Paṭipucchā ṭhapanatthāyā ti pucchā puggalassa ṭhapanatthāya. Okāsakammaṃ codanatthāyā ti vatthunā vā āpattiyā vā codanatthāya. Codanā sāraṇatthāyā ti dosādosaṃ sarāpanatthāya. Sāraṇā savacanīyatthāyā ti dosādosasāraṇā savacanīyakaraṇatthāya. Savacanīyaṃ palibodhatthāyā ti savacanīyaṃ “imamhā āvāsā paraṃ mā pakkamī”ti evaṃ palibodhatthāya. Palibodho vinicchayatthāyā ti vinicchayaṃ pāpanatthāya. Vinicchayo santīraṇatthāyā ti dosādosaṃ santīraṇatthāya tulanatthāya. Santīraṇaṃ ṭhānāṭṭhānagamanatthāyā ti āpattianāpattigarukalahukāpattijānanatthāya. Saṅgho sampariggahasampaṭicchanatthāyā ti vinicchayasampaṭiggahaṇatthāya ca; suvinicchitadubbinicchitabhāvajānanatthāya cāti attho. Paccekaṭṭhāyino avisaṃvādakaṭṭhāyino ti issariyādhipaccajeṭṭhakaṭṭhāne ca avisaṃvādakaṭṭhāne ca ṭhitā; na te apasādetabbāti attho.

Idāni ye mandā mandabuddhino evaṃ vadeyyuṃ “vinayo nāma kimatthāyā”ti tesaṃ vacanokāsapidahanatthamattaṃ dassetuṃ vinayo saṃvaratthāyā tiādimāha. Tattha vinayo saṃvaratthāyā ti sakalāpi vinayapaññatti kāyavacīdvārasaṃvaratthāya. Ājīvavisuddhipariyosānassa sīlassa upanissayo hoti; paccayo hotīti attho. Esa nayo sabbattha. Apicettha avippaṭisāro ti pāpapuññānaṃ katākatavasena cittavippaṭisārābhāvo. Pāmujjan ti dubbalā taruṇapīti. Pītī ti balavā bahalapīti. Passaddhī ti kāyacittadarathapaṭippassaddhi. Sukhan ti kāyikacetasikasukhaṃ. Tañhi duvidhampi samādhissa upanissayapaccayo hoti. Samādhī ti cittekaggatā. Yathābhūtañāṇadassanan ti taruṇavipassanā; udayabbayañāṇassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Cittekaggatā hi taruṇavipassanāya upanissayapaccayo hoti. Nibbidā ti sikhāpattā vuṭṭhānagāminibalavavipassanā. Virāgo ti ariyamaggo. Vimuttī ti arahattaphalaṃ. Catubbidhopi hi ariyamaggo arahattaphalassa upanissayapaccayo hoti. Vimuttiñāṇadassanan ti paccavekkhaṇāñāṇaṃ. Vimuttiñāṇadassanaṃ anupādāparinibbānatthāyā ti apaccayaparinibbānatthāya. Apaccayaparinibbānassa hi taṃ paccayo hoti, tasmiṃ anuppatte avassaṃ parinibbāyitabbatoti. Etadatthā kathā ti ayaṃ vinayakathā nāma etadatthā. Mantanā ti vinayamantanā eva. Upanisā ti ayaṃ “vinayo saṃvaratthāyā”tiādikā paramparapaccayatāpi etadatthāya. Sotāvadhānan ti imissā paramparapaccayakathāya sotāvadhānaṃ. Imaṃ kathaṃ sutvā yaṃ uppajjati ñāṇaṃ, tampi etadatthāya. Yadidaṃ anupādā cittassa vimokkho ti yo ayaṃ catūhi upādānehi anupādiyitvā cittassa arahattaphalasaṅkhāto vimokkho, sopi etadatthāya; apaccayaparinibbānatthāya evāti attho.

367

Anuyogavattagāthāsu paṭhamagāthā vuttatthā eva.

Vatthuṃ vipattiṃ āpattiṃ, nidānaṃ ākāraakovido pubbāparaṃ na jānātī ti “vatthun”tiādīni “na jānātī”ti padena sambandho. “Akovido”ti padassa “sa ve tādisako”ti iminā sambandho. Tasmā ayamettha yojanā – yo bhikkhu pārājikādīnaṃ vatthuṃ na jānāti, catubbidhaṃ vipattiṃ na jānāti, sattavidhaṃ āpattiṃ na jānāti, “idaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ asukasmiṃ nāma nagare paññattan”ti evaṃ nidānaṃ na jānāti, “idaṃ purimavacanaṃ idaṃ pacchimavacanan”ti pubbāparaṃ na jānāti, “idaṃ kataṃ idaṃ akatan”ti katākataṃ na jānāti. Samena cā ti teneva pubbāparaṃ ajānanassa samena aññāṇena, “katākataṃ na jānātī”ti vuttaṃ hoti; evaṃ tāva najānāti-padena saddhiṃ sambandho veditabbo. Yaṃ panetaṃ “ākāraakovido”ti vuttaṃ, tattha ākāraakovido ti kāraṇākāraṇe akovido. Iti yvāyaṃ vatthuādīnipi na jānāti, ākārassa ca akovido, sa ve tādisako bhikkhu apaṭikkhoti vuccati.

Kammañca adhikaraṇañcā ti imesampi padānaṃ “na jānātī”ti padeneva sambandho. Ayaṃ pan’ettha yojanā – tatheva iti yvāyaṃ kammañca na jānāti, adhikaraṇañca na jānāti, sattappakāre samathe cāpi akovido, rāgādīhi pana ratto duṭṭho ca mūḷho ca, bhayena bhayā gacchati, sammohena mohā gacchati, rattattā pana duṭṭhattā ca chandā dosā ca gacchati, paraṃ saññāpetuṃ asamatthatāya na ca saññattikusalo, kāraṇākāraṇadassane asamatthatāya nijjhattiyā ca akovido attano sadisāya parisāya laddhattā laddhapakkho, hiriyā paribāhirattā ahiriko, kāḷakehi kammehi samannāgatattā kaṇhakammo, dhammādariyapuggalādariyānaṃ abhāvato anādaro, sa ve tādisako bhikkhu apaṭikkhoti vuccati, na paṭikkhitabbo na oloketabbo, na sammannitvā issariyādhipaccajeṭṭhakaṭṭhāne ṭhapetabboti attho. Sukkapakkhagāthānampi yojanānayo vuttanayen’eva veditabboti.