说头陀支品

Dhutaṅganiddeso

CST22

1

Idāni yehi appicchatā-santuṭṭhitâdīhi guṇehi vuttappakārassa sīlassa vodānaṃ hoti, te guṇe sampādetuṃ, yasmā samādinnasīlena yoginā dhutaṅgasamādānaṃ kātabbaṃ, evañ hi’ssa appicchatā-santuṭṭhitā-sallekha-pavivekâpacaya-vīriyârambha-subharatâdi-guṇa-salila-vikkhālita-malaṃ sīlañ c’eva suparisuddhaṃ bhavissati, vatāni ca sampajjissanti, iti anavajja-sīlabbataguṇa-parisuddha-sabba-samācāro porāṇe ariyavaṃsattaye patiṭṭhāya catutthassa bhāvanârāmatā-saṅkhātassa ariyavaṃsassa adhigamâraho bhavissati, tasmā dhutaṅgakathaṃ ārabhissāma.

2

Bhagavatā hi pariccattalokâmisānaṃ kāye ca jīvite ca anapekkhānaṃ anulomapaṭipadaṃ yeva ārādhetukāmānaṃ kulaputtānaṃ terasa dhutaṅgāni anuññātāni. Seyyathidaṃ:

1. paṃsukūlikaṅgaṃ,
2. tecīvarikaṅgaṃ,
3. piṇḍapātikaṅgaṃ,
4. sapadānacārikaṅgaṃ,
5. ekāsanikaṅgaṃ,
6. pattapiṇḍikaṅgaṃ,
7. khalupacchābhattikaṅgaṃ,
8. āraññikaṅgaṃ,
9. rukkhamūlikaṅgaṃ,
10. abbhokāsikaṅgaṃ,
11. sosānikaṅgaṃ,
12. yathāsanthatikaṅgaṃ,
13. nesajjikaṅgan ti.

3

Tattha,

Atthato lakkhaṇâdīhi samādāna-vidhānato
pabhedato bhedato ca tassa tass’ānisaṃsato

Kusalattikato c’eva dhutâdīnaṃ vibhāgato
samāsa-byāsato câpi viññātabbo vinicchayo.

CST23

4

Tattha atthato ti tāva, rathika¹-susāna-saṅkāra-kūṭâdīnaṃ yattha katthaci paṃsūnaṃ upari ṭhitattā abbhuggataṭṭhena tesu tesu paṃsukūlam ivā ti paṃsukūlaṃ. Atha vā paṃsu viya kucchitabhāvaṃ ulatī ti paṃsukūlaṃ, kucchitabhāvaṃ gacchatī ti vuttaṃ hoti. Evaṃladdhanibbacanassa paṃsukūlassa dhāraṇaṃ paṃsukūlaṃ. Taṃ sīlam assā ti paṃsukūliko. Paṃsukūlikassa aṅgaṃ paṃsukūlikaṅgaṃ. Aṅgan ti kāraṇaṃ vuccati. Tasmā yena samādānena so paṃsukūliko hoti, tass’etaṃ adhivacanan ti veditabbaṃ.

Eten’eva nayena saṅghāṭi-uttarāsaṅga-antaravāsaka-saṅkhātaṃ ticīvaraṃ sīlam assā ti tecīvariko. Tecīvarikassa aṅgaṃ tecīvarikaṅgaṃ.

5

Bhikkhāsaṅkhātānaṃ pana āmisapiṇḍānaṃ pāto ti piṇḍapāto, parehi dinnānaṃ piṇḍānaṃ patte nipatanan ti vuttaṃ hoti. Taṃ piṇḍapātaṃ uñchati, taṃ taṃ kulaṃ upasaṅkamanto gavesatī ti piṇḍapātiko. Piṇḍāya vā patituṃ vatam etassā ti piṇḍapātī. Patitun ti carituṃ. Piṇḍapātī eva piṇḍapātiko. Piṇḍapātikassa aṅgaṃ piṇḍapātikaṅgaṃ.

6

Dānaṃ vuccati avakhaṇḍanaṃ. Apetaṃ dānato ti apadānaṃ, anavakhaṇḍanan ti attho. Saha apadānena sapadānaṃ, avakhaṇḍanarahitaṃ anugharan ti vuttaṃ hoti. Sapadānaṃ carituṃ idam assa sīlan ti sapadānacārī. Sapadānacārī eva sapadānacāriko. Tassa aṅgaṃ sapadānacārikaṅgaṃ.

7

Ekâsane bhojanaṃ ekâsanaṃ. Taṃ sīlam assā ti ekâsaniko. Tassa aṅgaṃ ekāsanikaṅgaṃ.

Dutiyabhājanassa paṭikkhittattā kevalaṃ ekasmiṃ yeva patte piṇḍo pattapiṇḍo. Idāni pattapiṇḍagahaṇe pattapiṇḍasaññaṃ katvā, pattapiṇḍo sīlam assā ti pattapiṇḍiko. Tassa aṅgaṃ pattapiṇḍikaṅgaṃ.

8

Khalū ti paṭisedhanatthe nipāto. Pavāritena satā pacchā laddhaṃ bhattaṃ pacchābhattaṃ nāma. Tassa pacchābhattassa bhojanaṃ pacchābhattabhojanaṃ. Tasmiṃ pacchābhattabhojane pacchābhattasaññaṃ katvā, pacchābhattaṃ sīlam assā ti pacchābhattiko. Na pacchābhattiko khalupacchābhattiko. Samādānavasena paṭikkhittâtirittabhojanass’etaṃ nāmaṃ. Aṭṭhakathāyaṃ pana vuttaṃ: khalū ti eko sakuṇo, so mukhena phalaṃ gahetvā tasmiṃ patite puna aññaṃ na khādati, tādiso ayan ti khalupacchābhattiko. Tassa aṅgaṃ khalupacchābhattikaṅgaṃ.

9

Araññe nivāso sīlam assā ti āraññiko. Tassa aṅgaṃ āraññikaṅgaṃ.

Rukkhamūle nivāso rukkhamūlaṃ. Taṃ sīlam assā ti rukkhamūliko. Rukkhamūlikassa aṅgaṃ rukkhamūlikaṅgaṃ.

Abbhokāsika-sosānikaṅgesu pi es’eva nayo.

10

Yad eva santhataṃ yathāsanthataṃ. Idaṃ tuyhaṃ pāpuṇātī ti evaṃ paṭhamaṃ uddiṭṭhasenāsanass’etaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Tasmiṃ yathāsanthate viharituṃ sīlam assā ti yathāsanthatiko. Tassa aṅgaṃ yathāsanthatikaṅgaṃ.

Sayanaṃ paṭikkhipitvā nisajjāya viharituṃ sīlam assā ti nesajjiko. Tassa aṅgaṃ nesajjikaṅgaṃ.

11

Sabbān’eva pan’etāni tena tena samādānena dhutakilesattā dhutassa bhikkhuno aṅgāni, kilesadhunanato vā dhutan ti laddhavohāraṃ ñāṇaṃ aṅgaṃ etesan ti dhutaṅgāni. Atha vā dhutāni ca tāni paṭipakkhaniddhunanato aṅgāni ca paṭipattiyā ti pi dhutaṅgāni. Evaṃ tāv’ettha atthato viññātabbo vinicchayo.

12

Sabbān’eva pan’etāni samādānacetanālakkhaṇāni. Vuttam pi c’etaṃ:

“Yo samādiyati, so puggalo. Yena samādiyati, cittacetasikā ete dhammā. Yā samādānacetanā, taṃ dhutaṅgaṃ. Yaṃ paṭikkhipati, taṃ vatthū” ti.

Sabbān’eva ca loluppa-viddhaṃsana-rasāni, nilloluppabhāva-paccupaṭṭhānāni, appicchatâdi-ariyadhamma-padaṭṭhānāni. Evam ettha lakkhaṇâdīhi veditabbo vinicchayo.

13

Samādāna-vidhānato ti ādīsu pana pañcasu sabbān’eva dhutaṅgāni, dharamāne Bhagavati, Bhagavato va santike samādātabbāni, parinibbute mahāsāvakassa santike, tasmiṃ asati khīṇāsavassa, anāgāmissa, sakadāgāmissa, sotāpannassa, tipiṭakassa, dvipiṭakassa, ekapiṭakassa, ekasaṅgītikassa, aṭṭhakathâcariyassa, tasmiṃ asati dhutaṅgadharassa, tasmim pi asati cetiyaṅgaṇaṃ sammajjitvā ukkuṭikaṃ nisīditvā Sammāsambuddhassa santike vadantena viya samādātabbāni. Api ca sayam pi samādātuṃ vaṭṭati eva. Ettha ca Cetiyapabbate dvebhātikattherānaṃ jeṭṭhakabhātu dhutaṅgappicchatāya vatthu kathetabbaṃ. Ayaṃ tāva sādhāraṇakathā.

Paṃsukūlikaṅgakathā

CST24

14

Idāni ekekassa samādāna-vidhāna-ppabheda-bhedânisaṃse vaṇṇayissāma. Paṃsukūlikaṅgaṃ tāva, “gahapatidānacīvaraṃ paṭikkhipāmi, paṃsukūlikaṅgaṃ samādiyāmī” ti imesu dvīsu vacanesu aññatarena samādinnaṃ hoti. Idaṃ tāv’ettha samādānaṃ.

15

Evaṃ samādinnadhutaṅgena pana tena sosānikaṃ, pāpaṇikaṃ, rathiyacoḷaṃ, saṅkāracoḷaṃ, sotthiyaṃ, nhānacoḷaṃ, titthacoḷaṃ, gatapaccāgataṃ, aggiḍaḍḍhaṃ, gokhāyitaṃ, upacikākhāyitaṃ, undūrakhāyitaṃ, antacchinnaṃ, dasācchinnaṃ, dhajâhaṭaṃ, thūpacīvaraṃ, samaṇacīvaraṃ, ābhisekikaṃ, iddhimayaṃ, panthikaṃ, vātâhaṭaṃ, devadattiyaṃ, sāmuddiyan ti etesu aññataraṃ cīvaraṃ gahetvā phāletvā dubbalaṭṭhānaṃ pahāya thiraṭṭhānāni dhovitvā cīvaraṃ katvā porāṇaṃ gahapaticīvaraṃ apanetvā paribhuñjitabbaṃ.

16

Tattha sosānikan ti susāne patitakaṃ. Pāpaṇikan ti āpaṇadvāre patitakaṃ. Rathiyacoḷan ti puññatthikehi vātapānantarena rathikāya chaḍḍitacoḷakaṃ. Saṅkāracoḷan ti saṅkāraṭṭhāne chaḍḍitacoḷakaṃ. Sotthiyan ti gabbhamalaṃ puñchitvā chaḍḍitavatthaṃ. Tissâmaccamātā kira satagghanakena vatthena gabbhamalaṃ puñchāpetvā, paṃsukūlikā gaṇhissantī ti Tālaveḷimagge chaḍḍāpesi, bhikkhū jiṇṇakaṭṭhānattham eva gaṇhanti.

17

Nhānacoḷan ti yaṃ bhūtavejjehi sasīsaṃ nhāpitā kāḷakaṇṇicoḷan ti chaḍḍetvā gacchanti. Titthacoḷan ti nhānatitthe chaḍḍitapilotikā. Gatapaccāgatan ti yaṃ manussā susānaṃ gantvā paccāgatā nhatvā chaḍḍenti. Aggiḍaḍḍhan ti agginā ḍaḍḍhappadesaṃ, tañ hi manussā chaḍḍenti. Gokhāyitâdīni pākaṭān’eva, tādisāni pi hi manussā chaḍḍenti. Dhajâhaṭan ti nāvaṃ ārohantā dhajaṃ bandhitvā ārūhanti, taṃ tesaṃ dassanâtikkame gahetuṃ vaṭṭati. Yam pi yuddhabhūmiyaṃ dhajaṃ bandhitvā ṭhapitaṃ, taṃ dvinnam pi senānaṃ gatakāle gahetuṃ vaṭṭati.

18

Thūpacīvaran ti vammikaṃ parikkhipitvā balikammaṃ kataṃ. Samaṇacīvaran ti bhikkhusantakaṃ. Ābhisekikan ti rañño abhisekaṭṭhāne chaḍḍitacīvaraṃ. Iddhimayan ti ehi-bhikkhu-cīvaraṃ. Panthikan ti antarāmagge patitakaṃ. Yaṃ pana sāmikānaṃ satisammosena patitaṃ, taṃ thokaṃ rakkhitvā gahetabbaṃ. Vātâhaṭan ti vātena paharitvā dūre pātitaṃ, taṃ pana sāmike apassantena gahetuṃ vaṭṭati. Devadattiyan ti Anuruddhattherassa viya devatāhi dinnakaṃ. Sāmuddiyan ti samuddavīcīhi thale ussāritaṃ.

19

Yaṃ pana saṅghassa demā ti dinnaṃ, coḷakabhikkhāya vā caramānehi laddhaṃ, na taṃ paṃsukūlaṃ. Bhikkhudattiye pi yaṃ vassaggena gāhetvā vā dīyati, senāsanacīvaraṃ vā hoti, na taṃ paṃsukūlaṃ, no gāhāpetvā dinnam eva paṃsukūlaṃ. Tatra pi yaṃ dāyakehi bhikkhussa pādamūle nikkhittaṃ, tena pana bhikkhunā paṃsukūlikassa hatthe ṭhapetvā dinnaṃ, taṃ ekatosuddhikaṃ nāma. Yaṃ bhikkhuno hatthe ṭhapetvā dinnaṃ, tena pana pādamūle ṭhapitaṃ, tam pi ekatosuddhikaṃ. Yaṃ bhikkhuno pi pādamūle ṭhapitaṃ, tenâpi tath’eva dinnaṃ, taṃ ubhatosuddhikaṃ. Yaṃ hatthe ṭhapetvā laddhaṃ, hatthe yeva ṭhapitaṃ, taṃ anukkaṭṭhacīvaraṃ nāma. Iti imaṃ paṃsukūlabhedaṃ ñatvā paṃsukūlikena cīvaraṃ paribhuñjitabban ti idam ettha vidhānaṃ.

20

Ayaṃ pana pabhedo. Tayo paṃsukūlikā: ukkaṭṭho majjhimo mudū ti. Tattha sosānikaṃ yeva gaṇhanto ukkaṭṭho hoti, pabbajitā gaṇhissantī ti ṭhapitakaṃ gaṇhanto majjhimo, pādamūle ṭhapetvā dinnakaṃ gaṇhanto mudū ti.

Tesu yassa kassaci attano ruciyā² gihidinnakaṃ sāditakkhaṇe dhutaṅgaṃ bhijjati. Ayam ettha bhedo.

21

Ayaṃ pan’ānisaṃso,

“Paṃsukūlacīvaraṃ nissāya pabbajjā” ti (mahāva. 128)

vacanato nissayânurūpapaṭipattisabbhāvo, paṭhame ariyavaṃse patiṭṭhānaṃ, ārakkhadukkhâbhāvo, aparâyattavuttitā, corabhayena abhayatā, paribhogataṇhāya abhāvo, samaṇasāruppaparikkhāratā,

“Appāni c’eva sulabhāni ca tāni ca anavajjānī” ti (a. ni. 4.27; itivu. 101)

Bhagavatā saṃvaṇṇitapaccayatā, pāsādikatā, appicchatâdīnaṃ phalanipphatti, sammāpaṭipattiyā anubrūhanaṃ, pacchimāya janatāya diṭṭhânugati-āpādanan ti.

22

Mārasenavighātāya paṃsukūladharo yati
sannaddhakavaco yuddhe khattiyo viya sobhati.

Pahāya kāsikâdīni varavatthāni dhāritaṃ
yaṃ Lokagarunā, ko taṃ paṃsukūlaṃ na dhāraye?

Tasmā hi attano bhikkhu paṭiññaṃ samanussaraṃ
yogācārânukūlamhi paṃsukūle rato siyā ti.

Ayaṃ tāva paṃsukūlikaṅge samādāna-vidhāna-ppabheda-bhedânisaṃsa-vaṇṇanā.

Tecīvarikaṅgakathā

CST25

23

Tadanantaraṃ pana tecīvarikaṅgaṃ, “catutthakacīvaraṃ paṭikkhipāmi, tecīvarikaṅgaṃ samādiyāmī” ti imesaṃ aññataravacanena samādinnaṃ hoti.

Tena pana tecīvarikena cīvaradussaṃ labhitvā, yāva aphāsukabhāvena kātuṃ vā na sakkoti, vicārakaṃ vā na labhati, sūci-ādīsu vā’ssa kiñci na sampajjati, tāva nikkhipitabbaṃ, nikkhittapaccayā doso natthi. Rajitakālato pana paṭṭhāya nikkhipituṃ na vaṭṭati, dhutaṅgacoro nāma hoti. Idam assa vidhānaṃ.

24

Pabhedato pana ayam pi tividho hoti. Tattha ukkaṭṭhena rajanakāle paṭhamaṃ antaravāsakaṃ vā uttarāsaṅgaṃ vā rajitvā taṃ nivāsetvā itaraṃ rajitabbaṃ, taṃ pārupitvā saṅghāṭi rajitabbā, saṅghāṭiṃ pana nivāsetuṃ na vaṭṭati. Idam assa gāmantasenāsane vattaṃ, āraññake pana dve ekato dhovitvā rajituṃ vaṭṭati. Yathā pana kañci disvā sakkoti kāsāvaṃ ākaḍḍhitvā upari kātuṃ, evaṃ āsanne ṭhāne nisīditabbaṃ. Majjhimassa rajanasālāyaṃ rajanakāsāvaṃ nāma hoti, taṃ nivāsetvā vā pārupitvā vā rajanakammaṃ kātuṃ vaṭṭati. Mudukassa sabhāgabhikkhūnaṃ cīvarāni nivāsetvā vā pārupitvā vā rajanakammaṃ kātuṃ vaṭṭati. Tatraṭṭhakapaccattharaṇam pi tassa vaṭṭati, pariharituṃ pana na vaṭṭati, sabhāgabhikkhūnaṃ cīvaram pi antarantarā paribhuñjituṃ vaṭṭati. Dhutaṅgatecīvarikassa pana catutthaṃ vattamānaṃ aṃsakāsāvam eva vaṭṭati, tañ ca kho vitthārato vidatthi, dīghato tihattham eva vaṭṭati.

Imesaṃ pana tiṇṇam pi catutthakacīvaraṃ sāditakkhaṇe yeva dhutaṅgaṃ bhijjati. Ayam ettha bhedo.

25

Ayaṃ pan’ānisaṃso: tecīvariko bhikkhu santuṭṭho hoti kāyaparihārikena cīvarena, ten’assa pakkhino viya samādāy’eva gamanaṃ, appasamārambhatā, vatthasannidhiparivajjanaṃ, sallahukavuttitā, atirekacīvaraloluppappahānaṃ, kappiye mattakāritāya sallekhavuttitā, appicchatâdīnaṃ phalanipphattī ti evamādayo guṇā sampajjantī ti.

26

Atirekavatthataṇhaṃ pahāya sannidhivivajjito dhīro
santosasukharasaññū ticīvaradharo bhavati yogī.

Tasmā sapattacaraṇo pakkhîva sacīvaro va yogivaro
sukham anuvicaritukāmo cīvaraniyame ratiṃ kayirā ti.

Ayaṃ tecīvarikaṅge samādāna-vidhāna-ppabheda-bhedânisaṃsa-vaṇṇanā.

Piṇḍapātikaṅgakathā

CST26

27

Piṇḍapātikaṅgam pi, “atirekalābhaṃ paṭikkhipāmi, piṇḍapātikaṅgaṃ samādiyāmī” ti imesaṃ aññataravacanena samādinnaṃ hoti.

Tena pana piṇḍapātikena “saṅghabhattaṃ, uddesabhattaṃ, nimantanabhattaṃ, salākabhattaṃ, pakkhikaṃ, uposathikaṃ, pāṭipadikaṃ, āgantukabhattaṃ, gamikabhattaṃ, gilānabhattaṃ, gilānupaṭṭhākabhattaṃ, vihārabhattaṃ, dhurabhattaṃ, vārakabhattan³” ti etāni cuddasa bhattāni na sāditabbāni. Sace pana “saṅghabhattaṃ gaṇhathā” ti ādinā nayena avatvā, “amhākaṃ gehe saṅgho bhikkhaṃ gaṇhātu, tumhe pi bhikkhaṃ gaṇhathā” ti vatvā dinnāni honti, tāni sādituṃ vaṭṭanti. Saṅghato nirāmisasalākā pi vihāre pakkabhattam pi vaṭṭati yevā ti. Idam assa vidhānaṃ.

28

Pabhedato pana ayam pi tividho hoti. Tattha ukkaṭṭho purato pi pacchato pi āhaṭabhikkhaṃ gaṇhati, pattadvāre⁴ ṭhatvā pattaṃ gaṇhantānam pi deti, paṭikkamanaṃ āharitvā dinnabhikkham pi gaṇhati, taṃ divasaṃ pana nisīditvā bhikkhaṃ na gaṇhati. Majjhimo taṃ divasaṃ nisīditvā pi gaṇhati, svātanāya pana nâdhivāseti. Muduko svātanāya pi punadivasāya pi bhikkhaṃ adhivāseti. Te ubho pi serivihārasukhaṃ na labhanti, ukkaṭṭho va labhati.

Ekasmiṃ kira gāme ariyavaṃso hoti. Ukkaṭṭho itare āha: “āyām’āvuso, dhammasavanāyā” ti, tesu eko “eken’amhi, bhante, manussena nisīdāpito” ti āha, aparo “mayā, bhante, svātanāya ekassa bhikkhā adhivāsitā” ti. Evaṃ te ubho parihīnā, itaro pāto va piṇḍāya caritvā gantvā dhammarasaṃ paṭisaṃvedesi.

Imesaṃ pana tiṇṇam pi saṅghabhattâdi-atirekalābhaṃ sāditakkhaṇe va dhutaṅgaṃ bhijjati. Ayam ettha bhedo.

29

Ayaṃ pan’ānisaṃso:

“Piṇḍiyâlopabhojanaṃ nissāya pabbajjā” ti (a. ni. 4.27; itivu. 101)

vacanato nissayânurūpapaṭipattisabbhāvo, dutiye ariyavaṃse patiṭṭhānaṃ, aparâyattavuttitā,

“Appāni c’eva sulabhāni ca tāni ca anavajjānī” ti

Bhagavatā saṃvaṇṇitapaccayatā, kosajjanimmaddanatā, parisuddhâjīvatā, sekhiyapaṭipattipūraṇaṃ, aparapositā, parânuggahakiriyā, mānappahānaṃ, rasataṇhānivāraṇaṃ, gaṇabhojana-paramparabhojana-cārittasikkhāpadehi anāpattitā, appicchatâdīnaṃ anulomavuttitā, sammāpaṭipattibrūhanaṃ, pacchimajanatânukampanan ti.

30

Piṇḍiyâlopasantuṭṭho, aparâyattajīviko,
pahīnâhāraloluppo hoti cātuddiso yati.

Vinodayati kosajjaṃ ājīvassa visujjhati,
tasmā hi nâtimaññeyya bhikkhācariyāya sumedhaso.

Evarūpassa hi,

“Piṇḍapātikassa bhikkhuno attabharassa anaññaposino
devā pi pihayanti tādino, no ce lābhasilokanissito” ti.

Ayaṃ piṇḍapātikaṅge samādāna-vidhāna-ppabheda-bhedânisaṃsa-vaṇṇanā.

Sapadānacārikaṅgakathā

CST27

31

Sapadānacārikaṅgam pi, “loluppacāraṃ paṭikkhipāmi, sapadānacārikaṅgaṃ samādiyāmī” ti imesaṃ aññataravacanena samādinnaṃ hoti.

Tena pana sapadānacārikena gāmadvāre ṭhatvā parissayâbhāvo sallakkhetabbo. Yassā racchāya vā gāme vā parissayo hoti, taṃ pahāya aññattha carituṃ vaṭṭati. Yasmiṃ gharadvāre vā racchāya vā gāme vā kiñci na labhati, agāmasaññaṃ katvā gantabbaṃ. Yattha kiñci labhati, taṃ pahāya gantuṃ na vaṭṭati. Iminā ca bhikkhunā kālataraṃ pavisitabbaṃ, evañ hi aphāsukaṭṭhānaṃ pahāya aññattha gantuṃ sakkhissati. Sace pan’assa vihāre dānaṃ dentā antarāmagge vā āgacchantā manussā pattaṃ gahetvā piṇḍapātaṃ denti, vaṭṭati. Iminā ca maggaṃ gacchantenâpi bhikkhācāravelāyaṃ sampattagāmaṃ anatikkamitvā caritabbam eva, tattha alabhitvā vā thokaṃ labhitvā vā gāmapaṭipāṭiyā caritabban ti. Idam assa vidhānaṃ.

32

Pabhedato pana ayam pi tividho hoti. Tattha ukkaṭṭho purato āhaṭabhikkham pi pacchato āhaṭabhikkham pi paṭikkamanaṃ āharitvā diyyamānam pi na gaṇhati, pattadvāre⁵ pana pattaṃ vissajjeti. Imasmiñ hi dhutaṅge Mahākassapattherena sadiso nāma natthi, tassa pi pattavissaṭṭhaṭṭhānam eva paññāyati. Majjhimo purato vā pacchato vā āhaṭam pi paṭikkamanaṃ āhaṭam pi gaṇhati, pattadvāre pi pattaṃ vissajjeti, na pana bhikkhaṃ āgamayamāno nisīdati. Evaṃ so ukkaṭṭhapiṇḍapātikassa anulometi. Muduko taṃ divasaṃ nisīditvā āgameti.

Imesaṃ pana tiṇṇam pi loluppacāre uppannamatte dhutaṅgaṃ bhijjati. Ayam ettha bhedo.

33

Ayaṃ pan’ānisaṃso: kulesu niccanavakatā, candûpamatā, kulamaccherappahānaṃ, samânukampitā, kulûpakâdīnavâbhāvo, avhānânabhinandanā, abhihārena anatthikatā, appicchatâdīnaṃ anulomavuttitā ti.

34

Candûpamo niccanavo kulesu
amaccharī sabbasamânukampo
kulûpakâdīnava-vippamutto
hotîdha bhikkhu sapadānacārī.

Loluppacārañ ca pahāya tasmā
okkhittacakkhu yugamattadassī
ākaṅkhamāno bhuvi sericāraṃ
careyya dhīro sapadānacāran ti.

Ayaṃ sapadānacārikaṅge samādāna-vidhāna-ppabheda-bhedânisaṃsa-vaṇṇanā.

Ekāsanikaṅgakathā

CST28

35

Ekāsanikaṅgam pi, “nānāsanabhojanaṃ paṭikkhipāmi, ekāsanikaṅgaṃ samādiyāmī” ti imesaṃ aññataravacanena samādinnaṃ hoti.

Tena pana ekāsanikena āsanasālāyaṃ nisīdantena therâsane anisīditvā “idaṃ mayhaṃ pāpuṇissatī” ti patirūpaṃ āsanaṃ sallakkhetvā nisīditabbaṃ. Sac’assa vippakate bhojane ācariyo vā upajjhāyo vā āgacchati, uṭṭhāya vattaṃ kātuṃ vaṭṭati. Tipiṭaka-Cūḷâbhayatthero panâha “āsanaṃ vā rakkheyya bhojanaṃ vā, ayañ ca vippakatabhojano, tasmā vattaṃ karotu, bhojanaṃ pana mā bhuñjatū” ti. Idam assa vidhānaṃ.

36

Pabhedato pana ayam pi tividho hoti. Tattha ukkaṭṭho appaṃ vā hotu bahu vā, yamhi bhojane hatthaṃ otāreti, tato aññaṃ gaṇhituṃ na labhati. Sace pi manussā “therena na kiñci bhuttan” ti sappi-ādīni āharanti, bhesajjattham eva vaṭṭanti, na āhāratthaṃ. Majjhimo yāva patte bhattaṃ na khīyati, tāva aññaṃ gaṇhituṃ labhati. Ayañ hi bhojanapariyantiko nāma hoti. Muduko yāva āsanā na vuṭṭhāti tāva bhuñjituṃ labhati. So hi udakapariyantiko vā hoti, yāva pattadhovanaṃ na gaṇhāti tāva bhuñjanato, āsanapariyantiko vā yāva na vuṭṭhāti tāva bhuñjanato.

Imesaṃ pana tiṇṇam pi nānâsanabhojanaṃ bhuttakkhaṇe dhutaṅgaṃ bhijjati. Ayam ettha bhedo.

37

Ayaṃ pan’ānisaṃso: appâbādhatā, appâtaṅkatā, lahuṭṭhānaṃ, balaṃ, phāsuvihāro, anatirittapaccayā anāpatti, rasataṇhāvinodanaṃ, appicchatâdīnaṃ anulomavuttitā ti.

38

Ekāsanabhojane rataṃ na yatiṃ bhojanapaccayā rujā
visahanti, rase alolupo parihāpeti na kammam attano.

Iti phāsuvihārakāraṇe sucisallekharatûpasevite
janayetha visuddhamānaso ratim ekāsanabhojane yatī ti.

Ayaṃ ekāsanikaṅge samādāna-vidhāna-ppabheda-bhedânisaṃsa-vaṇṇanā.

Pattapiṇḍikaṅgakathā

CST29

39

Pattapiṇḍikaṅgam pi, “dutiyakabhājanaṃ paṭikkhipāmi, pattapiṇḍikaṅgaṃ samādiyāmī” ti imesaṃ aññataravacanena samādinnaṃ hoti.

Tena pana pattapiṇḍikena yāgupānakāle bhājane ṭhapetvā byañjane laddhe byañjanaṃ vā paṭhamaṃ khāditabbaṃ, yāgu vā pātabbā. Sace pana yāguyaṃ pakkhipati, pūtimacchakâdimhi byañjane pakkhitte yāgu paṭikūlā hoti, appaṭikūlam eva ca katvā bhuñjituṃ vaṭṭati. Tasmā tathārūpaṃ byañjanaṃ sandhāya idaṃ vuttaṃ. Yaṃ pana madhusakkarâdikaṃ appaṭikūlaṃ hoti, taṃ pakkhipitabbaṃ, gaṇhantena ca pamāṇayuttam eva gaṇhitabbaṃ. Āmakasākaṃ hatthena gahetvā khādituṃ vaṭṭati, tathā pana akatvā patte yeva pakkhipitabbaṃ. Dutiyakabhājanassa pana paṭikkhittattā aññaṃ rukkhapaṇṇam pi na vaṭṭatī ti. Idam assa vidhānaṃ.

40

Pabhedato pana ayam pi tividho hoti. Tattha ukkaṭṭhassa aññatra ucchukhādanakālā kacavaram pi chaḍḍetuṃ na vaṭṭati, odanapiṇḍa-maccha-maṃsa-pūve pi bhinditvā khādituṃ na vaṭṭati. Majjhimassa ekena hatthena bhinditvā khādituṃ vaṭṭati, hatthayogī nām’esa. Muduko pana pattayogī nāma hoti, tassa yaṃ sakkā hoti patte pakkhipituṃ, taṃ sabbaṃ hatthena vā dantehi vā bhinditvā khādituṃ vaṭṭati.

Imesaṃ pana tiṇṇam pi dutiyakabhājanaṃ sāditakkhaṇe dhutaṅgaṃ bhijjati. Ayam ettha bhedo.

41

Ayaṃ pan’ānisaṃso: nānārasataṇhāvinodanaṃ, atricchatāya pahānaṃ, āhāre payojanamattadassitā, thālakâdi-pariharaṇa-khedâbhāvo⁶, avikkhittabhojitā, appicchatâdīnaṃ anulomavuttitā ti.

42

Nānābhājanavikkhepaṃ hitvā okkhittalocano,
khaṇanto viya mūlāni rasataṇhāya subbato,

Sarūpaṃ viya santuṭṭhiṃ dhārayanto sumānaso
paribhuñjeyya āhāraṃ, ko añño pattapiṇḍiko ti?

Ayaṃ pattapiṇḍikaṅge samādāna-vidhāna-ppabheda-bhedânisaṃsa-vaṇṇanā.

Khalupacchābhattikaṅgakathā

CST30

43

Khalupacchābhattikaṅgam pi, “atirittabhojanaṃ paṭikkhipāmi, khalupacchābhattikaṅgaṃ samādiyāmī” ti imesaṃ aññataravacanena samādinnaṃ hoti.

Tena pana khalupacchābhattikena pavāretvā puna bhojanaṃ kappiyaṃ kāretvā na bhuñjitabbaṃ. Idam assa vidhānaṃ.

44

Pabhedato pana ayam pi tividho hoti. Tattha ukkaṭṭho, yasmā paṭhamapiṇḍe pavāraṇā nāma natthi, tasmiṃ pana ajjhohariyamāne aññaṃ paṭikkhipato hoti, tasmā evaṃ pavārito paṭhamapiṇḍaṃ ajjhoharitvā dutiyapiṇḍaṃ na bhuñjati. Majjhimo yasmiṃ bhojane pavārito, tad eva bhuñjati. Muduko pana yāva āsanā na vuṭṭhāti tāva bhuñjati.

Imesaṃ pana tiṇṇam pi pavāritānaṃ kappiyaṃ kārāpetvā bhuttakkhaṇe dhutaṅgaṃ bhijjati. Ayam ettha bhedo.

45

Ayaṃ pan’ānisaṃso: anatirittabhojanâpattiyā dūrabhāvo, odarikattâbhāvo, nirāmisasannidhitā, puna pariyesanāya abhāvo, appicchatâdīnaṃ anulomavuttitā ti.

46

Pariyesanāya khedaṃ na yāti na karoti sannidhiṃ dhīro
odarikattaṃ pajahati khalupacchābhattiko yogī.

Tasmā Sugatapasatthaṃ santosaguṇâdi-vuḍḍhisañjananaṃ
dose vidhunitukāmo bhajeyya yogī dhutaṅgam idan ti.

Ayaṃ khalupacchābhattikaṅge samādāna-vidhāna-ppabheda-bhedânisaṃsa-vaṇṇanā.

Āraññikaṅgakathā

CST31

47

Āraññikaṅgam pi, “gāmantasenāsanaṃ paṭikkhipāmi, āraññikaṅgaṃ samādiyāmī” ti imesaṃ aññataravacanena samādinnaṃ hoti.

Tena pana āraññikena gāmantasenāsanaṃ pahāya araññe aruṇaṃ uṭṭhāpetabbaṃ.

48

Tattha saddhiṃ upacārena gāmo yeva gāmantasenāsanaṃ. Gāmo nāma yo koci ekakuṭiko vā anekakuṭiko vā parikkhitto vā aparikkhitto vā samanusso vā amanusso vā antamaso atirekacātumāsaniviṭṭho yo koci sattho pi. Gāmûpacāro nāma parikkhittassa gāmassa, sace Anurādhapurasseva dve indakhīlā honti, abbhantarime indakhīle ṭhitassa thāmamajjhimassa purisassa leḍḍupāto. Tassa lakkhaṇaṃ yathā taruṇamanussā attano balaṃ dassentā bāhaṃ pasāretvā leḍḍuṃ khipanti, evaṃ khittassa leḍḍussa patanaṭṭhānabbhantaran ti Vinayadharā, Suttantikā pana kākanivāraṇaniyamena khittassā ti vadanti. Aparikkhittagāme yaṃ sabbapaccantimassa gharassa dvāre ṭhito mātugāmo bhājanena udakaṃ chaḍḍeti, tassa patanaṭṭhānaṃ gharûpacāro. Tato vuttanayena eko leḍḍupāto gāmo, dutiyo gāmûpacāro.

49

Araññaṃ pana, Vinayapariyāye tāva,

“Ṭhapetvā gāmañ ca gāmûpacārañ ca, sabbam etaṃ araññan” ti (pārā. 92)

vuttaṃ, Abhidhammapariyāye

“Nikkhamitvā bahi indakhīlā, sabbam etaṃ araññan” ti (vibha. 529)

vuttaṃ. Imasmiṃ pana, Suttantikapariyāye

“Āraññakaṃ nāma senāsanaṃ pañcadhanusatikaṃ pacchiman” ti

idaṃ lakkhaṇaṃ, taṃ āropitena ācariyadhanunā parikkhittassa gāmassa indakhīlato, aparikkhittassa paṭhamaleḍḍupātato paṭṭhāya yāva vihāraparikkhepā minitvā vavatthapetabbaṃ.

50

Sace pana vihāro aparikkhitto hoti, yaṃ sabbapaṭhamaṃ senāsanaṃ vā bhattasālā vā dhuvasannipātaṭṭhānaṃ vā bodhi vā cetiyaṃ vā dūre ce pi senāsanato hoti, taṃ paricchedaṃ katvā minitabban ti Vinayaṭṭhakathāsu vuttaṃ. Majjhimaṭṭhakathāyaṃ pana, vihārassa pi gāmass’eva upacāraṃ nīharitvā ubhinnaṃ leḍḍupātānaṃ antarā minitabban ti vuttaṃ. Idam ettha pamāṇaṃ.

51

Sace pi āsanne gāmo hoti, vihāre ṭhitehi mānusakānaṃ saddo suyyati, pabbatanadī-ādīhi pana antaritattā na sakkā ujuṃ gantuṃ, yo tassa pakatimaggo hoti, sace pi nāvāya sañcaritabbo, tena maggena pañcadhanusatikaṃ gahetabbaṃ. Yo pana āsannagāmassa aṅgasampādanatthaṃ tato tato maggaṃ pidahati, ayaṃ dhutaṅgacoro hoti.

52

Sace pana āraññikassa bhikkhuno upajjhāyo vā ācariyo vā gilāno hoti, tena araññe sappāyaṃ alabhantena gāmantasenāsanaṃ netvā upaṭṭhātabbo. Kālass’eva pana nikkhamitvā aṅgayuttaṭṭhāne aruṇaṃ uṭṭhāpetabbaṃ. Sace aruṇuṭṭhānavelāyaṃ tesaṃ ābādho vaḍḍhati, tesaṃ yeva kiccaṃ kātabbaṃ, na dhutaṅgasuddhikena bhavitabban ti. Idam assa vidhānaṃ.

53

Pabhedato pana ayam pi tividho hoti. Tattha ukkaṭṭhena sabbakālaṃ araññe aruṇaṃ uṭṭhāpetabbaṃ. Majjhimo cattāro vassike māse gāmante vasituṃ labhati. Muduko hemantike pi.

Imesaṃ pana tiṇṇam pi yathāparicchinne kāle araññato āgantvā gāmantasenāsane dhammassavanaṃ suṇantānaṃ aruṇe uṭṭhite pi dhutaṅgaṃ na bhijjati, sutvā gacchantānaṃ antarāmagge uṭṭhite pi na bhijjati. Sace pana uṭṭhite pi dhammakathike, muhuttaṃ nipajjitvā gamissāmā ti niddāyantānaṃ aruṇaṃ uṭṭhahati, attano vā ruciyā gāmantasenāsane aruṇaṃ uṭṭhapenti, dhutaṅgaṃ bhijjatī ti. Ayam ettha bhedo.

54

Ayaṃ pan’ānisaṃso: āraññiko bhikkhu araññasaññaṃ manasikaronto bhabbo aladdhaṃ vā samādhiṃ paṭiladdhuṃ, laddhaṃ vā rakkhituṃ. Satthā pi’ssa attamano hoti. Yath’āha:

“Tenâhaṃ, Nāgita, tassa bhikkhuno attamano homi araññavihārenā” ti (a. ni. 6.42; 8.86)

Pantasenāsanavāsino c’assa asappāyarūpâdayo cittaṃ na vikkhipanti, vigatasantāso hoti, jīvitanikantiṃ jahati, pavivekasukharasaṃ assādeti, paṃsukūlikâdibhāvo pi c’assa patirūpo hotī ti.

55

Pavivitto asaṃsaṭṭho pantasenāsane rato
ārādhayanto Nāthassa vanavāsena mānasaṃ,

Eko araññe nivasaṃ yaṃ sukhaṃ labhate yati,
rasaṃ tassa na vindanti api devā sa-Indakā.

Paṃsukūlañ ca eso va kavacaṃ viya dhārayaṃ
araññasaṅgāmagato avasesadhutâyudho

Samattho na cirass’eva jetuṃ Māraṃ savāhiniṃ,
tasmā araññavāsamhi ratiṃ kayirātha paṇḍito ti.

Ayaṃ āraññikaṅge samādāna-vidhāna-ppabheda-bhedânisaṃsa-vaṇṇanā.

Rukkhamūlikaṅgakathā

CST32

56

Rukkhamūlikaṅgam pi, “channaṃ paṭikkhipāmi, rukkhamūlikaṅgaṃ samādiyāmī” ti imesaṃ aññataravacanena samādinnaṃ hoti.

Tena pana rukkhamūlikena sīmantarikarukkhaṃ, cetiyarukkhaṃ, niyyāsarukkhaṃ, phalarukkhaṃ, vaggulirukkhaṃ, susirarukkhaṃ, vihāramajjhe ṭhitarukkhan ti ime rukkhe vivajjetvā vihārapaccante ṭhitarukkho gahetabbo ti. Idam assa vidhānaṃ.

57

Pabhedato pana ayam pi tividho hoti. Tattha ukkaṭṭho yathārucitaṃ rukkhaṃ gahetvā paṭijaggāpetuṃ na labhati, pādena paṇṇasaṭaṃ apanetvā vasitabbaṃ. Majjhimo taṃ ṭhānaṃ sampattehi yeva paṭijaggāpetuṃ labhati. Mudukena ārāmikasamaṇuddese pakkositvā sodhāpetvā samaṃ kārāpetvā vālukaṃ⁷ okirāpetvā pākāraparikkhepaṃ kārāpetvā dvāraṃ yojāpetvā vasitabbaṃ. Mahadivase pana rukkhamūlikena tattha anisīditvā aññattha paṭicchanne ṭhāne nisīditabbaṃ.

Imesaṃ pana tiṇṇam pi channe vāsaṃ kappitakkhaṇe dhutaṅgaṃ bhijjati. Jānitvā channe aruṇaṃ uṭṭhāpitamatte ti Aṅguttarabhāṇakā. Ayam ettha bhedo.

58

Ayaṃ pan’ānisaṃso:

“Rukkhamūlasenāsanaṃ nissāya pabbajjā” ti (mahāva. 128)

vacanato nissayânurūpapaṭipattisabbhāvo,

“Appāni c’eva sulabhāni ca tāni ca anavajjānī” ti (a. ni. 4.27; itivu. 101)

Bhagavatā saṃvaṇṇitapaccayatā, abhiṇhaṃ tarupaṇṇavikāradassanena aniccasaññāsamuṭṭhāpanatā, senāsanamacchera-kammârāmatānaṃ abhāvo, devatāhi sahavāsitā, appicchatâdīnaṃ anulomavuttitā ti.

59

Vaṇṇito Buddhaseṭṭhena nissayo ti ca bhāsito,
nivāso pavivittassa rukkhamūlasamo kuto?

Āvāsamaccherahare devatāparipālite
pavivitte vasanto hi rukkhamūlamhi subbato

Abhirattāni nīlāni paṇḍūni patitāni ca
passanto tarupaṇṇāni niccasaññaṃ panūdati.

Tasmā hi Buddhadāyajjaṃ bhāvanâbhiratâlayaṃ
vivittaṃ nâtimaññeyya rukkhamūlaṃ vicakkhaṇo ti.

Ayaṃ rukkhamūlikaṅge samādāna-vidhāna-ppabheda-bhedânisaṃsa-vaṇṇanā.

Abbhokāsikaṅgakathā

CST33

60

Abbhokāsikaṅgam pi, “channañ ca rukkhamūlañ ca paṭikkhipāmi, abbhokāsikaṅgaṃ samādiyāmī” ti imesaṃ aññataravacanena samādinnaṃ hoti.

Tassa pana abbhokāsikassa dhammassavanāya vā uposathatthāya vā uposathâgāraṃ pavisituṃ vaṭṭati. Sace paviṭṭhassa devo vassati, deve vassamāne anikkhamitvā vassûparame nikkhamitabbaṃ. Bhojanasālaṃ vā aggisālaṃ vā pavisitvā vattaṃ kātuṃ, bhojanasālāya there bhikkhū bhattena āpucchituṃ, uddisantena vā uddisāpentena vā channaṃ pavisituṃ, bahi dunnikkhittāni mañcapīṭhâdīni anto pavesetuñ ca vaṭṭati. Sace maggaṃ gacchantena vuḍḍhatarānaṃ parikkhāro gahito hoti, deve vassante maggamajjhe ṭhitaṃ sālaṃ pavisituṃ vaṭṭati. Sace na kiñci gahitaṃ hoti, sālāya⁸ ṭhassāmī ti vegena gantuṃ na vaṭṭati, pakatigatiyā gantvā paviṭṭhena pana yāva vassûparamā ṭhatvā gantabban ti. Idam assa vidhānaṃ. Rukkhamūlikassâpi es’eva nayo.

61

Pabhedato pana ayam pi tividho hoti. Tattha ukkaṭṭhassa rukkhaṃ vā pabbataṃ vā gehaṃ vā upanissāya vasituṃ na vaṭṭati, abbhokāse yeva cīvarakuṭiṃ katvā vasitabbaṃ. Majjhimassa rukkha-pabbata-gehāni upanissāya anto appavisitvā vasituṃ vaṭṭati. Mudukassa acchannamariyādaṃ pabbhāram pi sākhāmaṇḍapo pi pīṭhapaṭo pi khettarakkhakâdīhi chaḍḍitā tatraṭṭhakakuṭikā pi vaṭṭatī ti.

Imesaṃ pana tiṇṇam pi vāsatthāya channaṃ vā rukkhamūlaṃ vā paviṭṭhakkhaṇe dhutaṅgaṃ bhijjati. Jānitvā tattha aruṇaṃ uṭṭhāpitamatte ti Aṅguttarabhāṇakā. Ayam ettha bhedo.

62

Ayaṃ pan’ānisaṃso: āvāsapalibodhupacchedo, thinamiddhapanūdanaṃ,

“Migā viya asaṅgacārino, aniketā viharanti bhikkhavo” ti (saṃ. ni. 1.224)

pasaṃsāya anurūpatā, nissaṅgatā, cātuddisatā, appicchatâdīnaṃ anulomavuttitā ti.

63

Anagāriyabhāvassa anurūpe adullabhe
tārāmaṇivitānamhi candadīpappabhāsite

Abbhokāse vasaṃ bhikkhu migabhūtena cetasā
thinamiddhaṃ vinodetvā bhāvanârāmataṃ sito

Pavivekarasassādaṃ na cirass’eva vindati
yasmā, tasmā hi sappañño abbhokāsarato siyā ti.

Ayaṃ abbhokāsikaṅge samādāna-vidhāna-ppabheda-bhedânisaṃsa-vaṇṇanā.

Sosānikaṅgakathā

CST34

64

Sosānikaṅgam pi, “na-susānaṃ paṭikkhipāmi, sosānikaṅgaṃ samādiyāmī” ti imesaṃ aññataravacanena samādinnaṃ hoti.

Tena pana sosānikena, yaṃ manussā gāmaṃ nivesantā, “idaṃ susānan” ti vavatthapenti, na tattha vasitabbaṃ. Na hi matasarīre ajjhāpite taṃ susānaṃ nāma hoti. Jhāpitakālato pana paṭṭhāya sace pi dvādasa vassāni chaḍḍitaṃ, taṃ susānam eva.

65

Tasmiṃ pana vasantena caṅkama-maṇḍapâdīni kāretvā mañcapīṭhaṃ paññapetvā pānīya-paribhojanīyaṃ upaṭṭhāpetvā dhammaṃ vācentena na vasitabbaṃ. Garukaṃ hi idaṃ dhutaṅgaṃ. Tasmā uppannaparissaya-vighātatthāya saṅghattheraṃ vā rājayuttakaṃ vā jānāpetvā appamattena vasitabbaṃ. Caṅkamantena addhakkhikena āḷāhanaṃ olokentena caṅkamitabbaṃ. Susānaṃ gacchantenâpi mahāpathā ukkamma uppathamaggena gantabbaṃ. Divā yeva ārammaṇaṃ vavatthapetabbaṃ. Evañ hi’ssa taṃ rattiṃ bhayānakaṃ na bhavissati. Amanussā rattiṃ viravitvā viravitvā āhiṇḍantā pi na kenaci paharitabbā. Ekadivasam pi susānaṃ agantuṃ na vaṭṭati. Majjhimayāmaṃ susāne khepetvā pacchimayāme paṭikkamituṃ vaṭṭatī ti Aṅguttarabhāṇakā. Amanussānaṃ piyaṃ tilapiṭṭha-māsabhatta-maccha-maṃsa-khīra-tela-guḷâdi-khajja-bhojjaṃ na sevitabbaṃ. Kulagehaṃ na pavisitabban ti. Idam assa vidhānaṃ.

66

Pabhedato pana ayam pi tividho hoti. Tattha ukkaṭṭhena yattha dhuvaḍāha-dhuvakuṇapa-dhuvarodanāni atthi, tatth’eva vasitabbaṃ. Majjhimassa tīsu ekasmim pi sati vaṭṭati. Mudukassa vuttanayena susānalakkhaṇaṃ pattamatte vaṭṭati.

Imesaṃ pana tiṇṇam pi na-susānamhi vāsaṃ kappanena dhutaṅgaṃ bhijjati. Susānaṃ agatadivase ti Aṅguttarabhāṇakā. Ayam ettha bhedo.

67

Ayaṃ pan’ānisaṃso: maraṇassatipaṭilābho, appamādavihāritā, asubhanimittâdhigamo, kāmarāgavinodanaṃ, abhiṇhaṃ kāyasabhāvadassanaṃ, saṃvegabahulatā, ārogyamadâdippahānaṃ, bhayabheravasahanatā, amanussānaṃ garubhāvanīyatā, appicchatâdīnaṃ anulomavuttitā ti.

68

Sosānikañ hi maraṇânusatippabhāvā
niddāgatam pi na phusanti pamādadosā,
sampassato ca kuṇapāni bahūni tassa
kāmânubhāvavasagam⁹ pi na hoti cittaṃ.

Saṃvegam eti vipulaṃ na madaṃ upeti,
sammā atho ghaṭati nibbutim esamāno,
sosānikaṅgam iti nekaguṇâvahattā
nibbānaninnahadayena nisevitabban ti.

Ayaṃ sosānikaṅge samādāna-vidhāna-ppabheda-bhedânisaṃsa-vaṇṇanā.

Yathāsanthatikaṅgakathā

CST35

69

Yathāsanthatikaṅgam pi, “senāsanaloluppaṃ paṭikkhipāmi, yathāsanthatikaṅgaṃ samādiyāmī” ti imesaṃ aññataravacanena samādinnaṃ hoti.

Tena pana yathāsanthatikena yad assa senāsanaṃ “idaṃ tuyhaṃ pāpuṇātī” ti gāhitaṃ hoti, ten’eva tuṭṭhabbaṃ, na añño uṭṭhāpetabbo. Idam assa vidhānaṃ.

70

Pabhedato pana ayam pi tividho hoti. Tattha ukkaṭṭho attano pattasenāsanaṃ, dūre ti vā accāsanne ti vā amanussa-dīghajātikâdīhi upaddutan ti vā uṇhan ti vā sītalan ti vā pucchituṃ na labhati. Majjhimo pucchituṃ labhati, gantvā pana oloketuṃ na labhati. Muduko gantvā oloketvā sac’assa taṃ na ruccati, aññaṃ gahetuṃ labhati.

Imesaṃ pana tiṇṇam pi senāsanaloluppe uppannamatte dhutaṅgaṃ bhijjatī ti. Ayam ettha bhedo.

71

Ayaṃ pan’ānisaṃso:

“Yaṃ laddhaṃ tena tuṭṭhabban” ti (jā. 1.1.136; pāci. 793)

vuttovādakaraṇaṃ, sabrahmacārīnaṃ hitesitā, hīnapaṇīta-vikappa-pariccāgo, anurodha-virodha-ppahānaṃ, atricchatāya dvārapidahanaṃ, appicchatâdīnaṃ anulomavuttitā ti.

72

Yaṃ laddhaṃ tena santuṭṭho yathāsanthatiko yati
nibbikappo sukhaṃ seti tiṇasantharakesu pi.

Na so rajjati seṭṭhamhi, hīnaṃ laddhā na kuppati,
sabrahmacārinavake hitena anukampati.

Tasmā ariyasatâciṇṇaṃ munipuṅgavavaṇṇitaṃ,
anuyuñjetha medhāvī yathāsanthatarāmatan ti.

Ayaṃ yathāsanthatikaṅge samādāna-vidhāna-ppabheda-bhedânisaṃsa-vaṇṇanā.

Nesajjikaṅgakathā

CST36

73

Nesajjikaṅgam pi, “seyyaṃ paṭikkhipāmi, nesajjikaṅgaṃ samādiyāmī” ti imesaṃ aññataravacanena samādinnaṃ hoti.

Tena pana nesajjikena rattiyā tīsu yāmesu ekaṃ yāmaṃ uṭṭhāya caṅkamitabbaṃ. Iriyāpathesu hi nipajjitum eva na vaṭṭati. Idam assa vidhānaṃ.

74

Pabhedato pana ayam pi tividho hoti. Tattha ukkaṭṭhassa n’eva apassenaṃ, na dussapallatthikā, na āyogapaṭṭo vaṭṭati. Majjhimassa imesu tīsu yaṃ kiñci vaṭṭati. Mudukassa apassenam pi dussapallatthikā pi āyogapaṭṭo pi bibbohanam¹⁰ pi pañcaṅgo pi sattaṅgo pi vaṭṭati. Pañcaṅgo pana¹¹ piṭṭhi-apassayena saddhiṃ kato. Sattaṅgo nāma piṭṭhi-apassayena ca ubhato passesu apassayehi ca saddhiṃ kato. Taṃ kira Miḷâbhayattherassa¹² akaṃsu. Thero anāgāmī hutvā parinibbāyi.

Imesaṃ pana tiṇṇam pi seyyaṃ kappitamatte dhutaṅgaṃ bhijjati. Ayam ettha bhedo.

75

Ayaṃ pan’ānisaṃso:

“Seyyasukhaṃ passasukhaṃ middhasukhaṃ anuyutto viharatī” ti (dī. ni. 3.320; ma. ni. 1.186)

vuttassa cetaso vinibandhassa upacchedanaṃ, sabba-kammaṭṭhānânuyoga-sappāyatā, pāsādika-iriyāpathatā, vīriyārambhânukūlatā, sammāpaṭipattiyā anubrūhanan ti.

76

Ābhujitvāna pallaṅkaṃ, paṇidhāya ujuṃ tanuṃ
nisīdanto vikampeti Mārassa hadayaṃ yati.

Seyyasukhaṃ middhasukhaṃ hitvā āraddhavīriyo
nisajjâbhirato bhikkhu sobhayanto tapovanaṃ

Nirāmisaṃ pītisukhaṃ yasmā samadhigacchati,
tasmā samanuyuñjeyya dhīro nesajjikaṃ vatan ti.

Ayaṃ nesajjikaṅge samādāna-vidhāna-ppabheda-bhedânisaṃsa-vaṇṇanā.

Dhutaṅgapakiṇṇakakathā

CST37

77

Idāni,

Kusalattikato c’eva dhutâdīnaṃ vibhāgato
samāsa-byāsato câpi viññātabbo vinicchayo ti.

imissā gāthāya vasena vaṇṇanā hoti.

78

Tattha kusalattikato ti sabbān’eva hi dhutaṅgāni sekkha-puthujjana-khīṇāsavānaṃ vasena siyā kusalāni, siyā abyākatāni, natthi dhutaṅgaṃ akusalan ti. Yo pana vadeyya,

“Pāpiccho icchâpakato āraññiko hotī” ti (a. ni. 5.181; pari. 325)

ādivacanato akusalam pi dhutaṅgan ti, so vattabbo: na mayaṃ “akusalacittena araññe na vasatī” ti vadāma. Yassa hi araññe nivāso, so āraññiko, so ca pāpiccho vā bhaveyya appiccho vā. Imāni pana

tena tena samādānena dhutakilesattā dhutassa bhikkhuno aṅgāni, kilesadhunanato vā dhutan ti laddhavohāraṃ ñāṇaṃ aṅgam etesan ti dhutaṅgāni. Atha vā dhutāni ca tāni paṭipakkhaniddhunanato aṅgāni ca paṭipattiyā ti pi dhutaṅgānī ti (II.11)

vuttaṃ, na ca akusalena koci dhuto nāma hoti, yass’etāni aṅgāni bhaveyyuṃ, na ca akusalaṃ kiñci dhunāti, yesaṃ taṃ aṅgan ti katvā dhutaṅgānī ti vucceyyuṃ, nâpi akusalaṃ cīvaraloluppâdīni c’eva niddhunāti paṭipattiyā ca aṅgaṃ hoti. Tasmā suvuttam idaṃ: “natthi akusalaṃ dhutaṅgan” ti.

79

Yesam pi kusalattikavinimuttaṃ dhutaṅgaṃ, tesaṃ atthato dhutaṅgam eva natthi, asantaṃ kassa dhunanato dhutaṅgaṃ nāma bhavissati?

“Dhutaguṇe samādāya vattatī” ti (pārā. 30)

vacanavirodho pi ca nesaṃ āpajjati. Tasmā taṃ na gahetabban ti.

Ayaṃ tāva kusalattikato vaṇṇanā.

80

Dhutâdīnaṃ vibhāgato ti dhuto veditabbo, dhutavādo veditabbo, dhutadhammā veditabbā, dhutaṅgāni veditabbāni, kassa dhutaṅgasevanā sappāyā ti veditabbaṃ.

81

Tattha dhuto ti dhutakileso vā puggalo, kilesadhunano vā dhammo. Dhutavādo ti ettha pana atthi dhuto na dhutavādo, atthi na dhuto dhutavādo, atthi n’eva dhuto na dhutavādo, atthi dhuto c’eva dhutavādo ca.

82

Tattha yo dhutaṅgena attano kilese dhuni, paraṃ pana dhutaṅgena na ovadati, nânusāsati, Bākulatthero¹³ viya, ayaṃ dhuto na dhutavādo. Yath’āha:

“Tayidaṃ āyasmā Bākulo dhuto na dhutavādo” ti.

Yo pana na dhutaṅgena attano kilese dhuni, kevalaṃ aññe dhutaṅgena ovadati anusāsati, Upanandatthero viya, ayaṃ na dhuto dhutavādo. Yath’āha:

“Tayidaṃ āyasmā Upanando Sakyaputto na dhuto dhutavādo” ti.

Yo ubhayavipanno, Lāḷudāyī viya, ayaṃ n’eva dhuto na dhutavādo. Yath’āha:

“Tayidaṃ āyasmā Lāḷudāyī n’eva dhuto na dhutavādo” ti.

Yo pana ubhayasampanno, Dhammasenāpati viya, ayaṃ dhuto c’eva dhutavādo ca. Yath’āha:

“Tayidaṃ āyasmā Sāriputto dhuto c’eva dhutavādo cā” ti.

83

Dhutadhammā veditabbā ti appicchatā, santuṭṭhitā, sallekhatā, pavivekatā, idamatthitā ti ime dhutaṅgacetanāya parivārakā pañca dhammā,

“Appicchataṃ yeva nissāyā” ti (a. ni. 5.181; pari. 325)

ādivacanato dhutadhammā nāma.

84

Tattha appicchatā ca santuṭṭhitā ca alobho. Sallekhatā ca pavivekatā ca dvīsu dhammesu anupatanti, alobhe ca amohe ca. Idamatthitā ñāṇam eva. Tattha ca alobhena paṭikkhepavatthūsu lobhaṃ, amohena tesv eva ādīnavapaṭicchādakaṃ mohaṃ dhunāti. Alobhena ca anuññātānaṃ paṭisevanamukhena pavattaṃ kāmasukhānuyogaṃ, amohena dhutaṅgesu atisallekhamukhena pavattaṃ attakilamathânuyogaṃ dhunāti. Tasmā ime dhammā dhutadhammā ti veditabbā.

85

Dhutaṅgāni veditabbānī ti terasa dhutaṅgāni veditabbāni: paṃsukūlikaṅgaṃ…pe… nesajjikaṅgan ti. Tāni atthato lakkhaṇâdīhi ca vuttān’eva.

86

Kassa dhutaṅgasevanā sappāyā ti? Rāgacaritassa c’eva mohacaritassa ca. Kasmā? Dhutaṅgasevanā hi dukkhā paṭipadā c’eva sallekhavihāro ca. Dukkhāpaṭipadañ ca nissāya rāgo vūpasammati. Sallekhaṃ nissāya appamattassa moho pahīyati. Āraññikaṅga-rukkhamūlikaṅga-paṭisevanā vā ettha dosacaritassâpi sappāyā. Tattha hi’ssa asaṅghaṭṭiyamānassa viharato doso pi vūpasammatī ti.

Ayaṃ dhutâdīnaṃ vibhāgato vaṇṇanā.

87

Samāsa-byāsato ti imāni pana dhutaṅgāni samāsato tīṇi sīsaṅgāni, pañca asambhinnaṅgānī ti aṭṭh’eva honti. Tattha sapadānacārikaṅgaṃ, ekāsanikaṅgaṃ, abbhokāsikaṅgan ti imāni tīṇi sīsaṅgāni. Sapadānacārikaṅgañ hi rakkhanto piṇḍapātikaṅgam pi rakkhissati. Ekāsanikaṅgañ ca rakkhato pattapiṇḍikaṅga-khalupacchābhattikaṅgāni pi surakkhanīyāni bhavissanti. Abbhokāsikaṅgaṃ rakkhantassa kiṃ atthi rukkhamūlikaṅga-yathāsanthatikaṅgesu rakkhitabbaṃ nāma? Iti imāni tīṇi sīsaṅgāni, āraññikaṅgaṃ, paṃsukūlikaṅgaṃ, tecīvarikaṅgaṃ, nesajjikaṅgaṃ, sosānikaṅgan ti imāni pañca asambhinnaṅgāni cā ti aṭṭh’eva honti.

88

Puna dve cīvarapaṭisaṃyuttāni, pañca piṇḍapātapaṭisaṃyuttāni, pañca senāsanapaṭisaṃyuttāni, ekaṃ vīriyapaṭisaṃyuttan ti evaṃ cattāro va honti. Tattha nesajjikaṅgaṃ vīriyapaṭisaṃyuttaṃ, itarāni pākaṭān’eva.

Puna sabbān’eva nissayavasena dve honti, paccayanissitāni dvādasa, vīriyanissitaṃ ekan ti. Sevitabbâsevitabbavasena pi dve yeva honti. Yassa hi dhutaṅgaṃ sevantassa kammaṭṭhānaṃ vaḍḍhati, tena sevitabbāni, yassa sevato hāyati, tena na sevitabbāni. Yassa pana sevato pi asevato pi vaḍḍhat’eva, na hāyati, tenâpi pacchimaṃ janataṃ anukampantena sevitabbāni. Yassâpi sevato pi asevato pi na vaḍḍhati, tenâpi sevitabbāni yeva, āyatiṃ vāsanatthāyā ti.

89

Evaṃ sevitabbâsevitabbavasena duvidhāni pi sabbān’eva cetanāvasena ekavidhāni honti. Ekam eva hi dhutaṅgaṃ, samādānacetanā ti. Aṭṭhakathāyam pi vuttaṃ:

“Yā cetanā, taṃ dhutaṅgan ti vadantī” ti.

90

Byāsato pana bhikkhūnaṃ terasa, bhikkhunīnaṃ aṭṭha, sāmaṇerānaṃ dvādasa, sikkhamāna-sāmaṇerīnaṃ satta, upāsaka-upāsikānaṃ dve ti dvācattālīsa honti.

91

Sace pana abbhokāse āraññikaṅgasampannaṃ susānaṃ hoti, eko pi bhikkhu ekappahārena sabbadhutaṅgāni paribhuñjituṃ sakkoti. Bhikkhunīnaṃ pana āraññikaṅgaṃ khalupacchābhattikaṅgañ ca dve pi sikkhāpaden’eva paṭikkhittāni. Abbhokāsikaṅgaṃ, rukkhamūlikaṅgaṃ, sosānikaṅgan ti imāni tīṇi dupparihārāni. Bhikkhuniyā hi dutiyikaṃ vinā vasituṃ na vaṭṭati. Evarūpe ca ṭhāne samānacchandā dutiyikā dullabhā. Sace pi labheyya, saṃsaṭṭhavihārato na mucceyya. Evaṃ sati yass’atthāya dhutaṅgaṃ seveyya, svev’assā attho na sampajjeyya. Evaṃ paribhuñjituṃ asakkuṇeyyatāya pañca hāpetvā bhikkhunīnaṃ aṭṭh’eva hontī ti veditabbāni.

92

Yathāvuttesu pana ṭhapetvā tecīvarikaṅgaṃ sesāni dvādasa sāmaṇerānaṃ, satta sikkhamāna-sāmaṇerīnaṃ veditabbāni. Upāsaka-upāsikānaṃ pana, ekāsanikaṅgaṃ, pattapiṇḍikaṅgan ti imāni dve patirūpāni c’eva sakkā ca paribhuñjitun ti dve dhutaṅgānī ti. Evaṃ byāsato dvecattālīsa hontī ti.

Ayaṃ samāsa-byāsato vaṇṇanā.

93

Ettāvatā ca,

“Sīle patiṭṭhāya naro sapañño” ti

imissā gāthāya sīla-samādhi-paññā-mukhena desite Visuddhimagge yehi appicchatā-santuṭṭhitâdīhi guṇehi vuttappakārassa sīlassa vodānaṃ hoti, tesaṃ sampādanatthaṃ samādātabbadhutaṅgakathā bhāsitā hoti.