说取业处品

Kammaṭṭhānaggahaṇaniddeso

CST38

1

Idāni yasmā evaṃ dhutaṅgapariharaṇasampāditehi appicchatâdīhi guṇehi pariyodāte imasmiṃ sīle patiṭṭhitena,

“Sīle patiṭṭhāya naro sapañño, cittaṃ paññañ ca bhāvayan” ti

vacanato cittasīsena niddiṭṭho samādhi bhāvetabbo, so ca atisaṅkhepadesitattā viññātum pi tāva na sukaro, pageva bhāvetuṃ, tasmā tassa vitthārañ ca bhāvanānayañ ca dassetuṃ idaṃ pañhākammaṃ hoti:

• Ko samādhi?
• Ken’aṭṭhena samādhi?
• Kān’assa lakkhaṇa-rasa-paccupaṭṭhāna-padaṭṭhānāni?
• Katividho samādhi?
• Ko c’assa saṃkileso, kiṃ vodānaṃ?
• Kathaṃ bhāvetabbo?
• Samādhibhāvanāya ko ānisaṃso ti?

2

Tatr’idaṃ vissajjanaṃ. Ko samādhī ti, samādhi bahuvidho nānappakārako. Taṃ sabbaṃ vibhāvayituṃ ārabbhamānaṃ vissajjanaṃ adhippetañ c’eva atthaṃ na sādheyya, uttari ca vikkhepāya saṃvatteyya. Tasmā idhâdhippetam eva sandhāya vadāma: kusalacittekaggatā samādhi.

3

Ken’aṭṭhena samādhī ti, samādhānaṭṭhena samādhi. Kim idaṃ samādhānaṃ nāma? Ekârammaṇe cittacetasikānaṃ samaṃ sammā ca ādhānaṃ, ṭhapanan ti vuttaṃ hoti. Tasmā yassa dhammass’ānubhāvena ekârammaṇe cittacetasikā samaṃ sammā ca avikkhipamānā avippakiṇṇā ca hutvā tiṭṭhanti, idaṃ samādhānan ti veditabbaṃ.

4

Kān’assa lakkhaṇa-rasa-paccupaṭṭhāna-padaṭṭhānānī ti, ettha pana avikkhepa-lakkhaṇo samādhi, vikkhepaviddhaṃsana-raso, avikampana-paccupaṭṭhāno,

“Sukhino cittaṃ samādhiyatī” ti (dī. ni. 1.225)

vacanato pana sukham assa padaṭṭhānaṃ.

CST39

5

Katividho samādhī ti, avikkhepalakkhaṇena tāva ekavidho.

Upacāra-appanāvasena duvidho, tathā lokiya-lokuttaravasena sappītika-nippītikavasena sukhasahagata-upekkhāsahagatavasena ca.

Tividho hīna-majjhima-paṇītavasena, tathā savitakka-savicārâdivasena pītisahagatâdivasena paritta-mahaggatappamāṇavasena ca.

Catubbidho dukkhāpaṭipadā-dandhâbhiññâdivasena, tathā paritta-parittârammaṇâdivasena catujhānaṅgavasena hānabhāgiyâdivasena kāmāvacarâdivasena adhipativasena ca.

Pañcavidho pañcakanaye pañcajhānaṅgavasenā ti.

Samādhiekakadukavaṇṇanā

6

Tattha ekavidhakoṭṭhāso uttānattho yeva.

Duvidhakoṭṭhāse, channaṃ anussatiṭṭhānānaṃ maraṇassatiyā upasamânussatiyā āhāre paṭikūlasaññāya catudhātuvavatthānassā ti imesaṃ vasena laddhacittekaggatā, yā ca appanāsamādhīnaṃ pubbabhāge ekaggatā, ayaṃ upacārasamādhi.

“Paṭhamassa jhānassa parikammaṃ paṭhamassa jhānassa anantarapaccayena paccayo” ti

ādivacanato pana yā parikammânantarā ekaggatā, ayaṃ appanāsamādhī ti. Evaṃ upacārappanāvasena duvidho.

7

Dutiyaduke, tīsu bhūmīsu kusalacittekaggatā lokiyo samādhi, ariyamaggasampayuttā ekaggatā lokuttaro samādhī ti. Evaṃ lokiya-lokuttaravasena duvidho.

8

Tatiyaduke, catukkanaye dvīsu, pañcakanaye tīsu jhānesu ekaggatā sappītiko samādhi, avasesesu dvīsu jhānesu ekaggatā nippītiko samādhi. Upacārasamādhi pana siyā sappītiko, siyā nippītiko ti. Evaṃ sappītika-nippītikavasena duvidho.

9

Catutthaduke, catukkanaye tīsu, pañcakanaye catūsu jhānesu ekaggatā sukhasahagato samādhi, avasesasmiṃ upekkhāsahagato samādhi. Upacārasamādhi pana siyā sukhasahagato, siyā upekkhāsahagato ti. Evaṃ sukhasahagata-upekkhāsahagatavasena duvidho.

Samādhitikavaṇṇanā

10

Tikesu paṭhamattike, paṭiladdhamatto hīno, nâtisubhāvito majjhimo, subhāvito vasippatto paṇīto ti. Evaṃ hīna-majjhima-paṇītavasena tividho.

11

Dutiyattike, paṭhamajjhānasamādhi saddhiṃ upacārasamādhinā savitakkasavicāro. Pañcakanaye dutiyajjhānasamādhi avitakkavicāramatto. Yo hi vitakkamatte yeva ādīnavaṃ disvā vicāre adisvā kevalaṃ vitakkappahānamattaṃ ākaṅkhamāno paṭhamajjhānaṃ atikkamati, so avitakkavicāramattaṃ samādhiṃ paṭilabhati. Taṃ sandhāy’etaṃ vuttaṃ. Catukkanaye pana dutiyâdīsu, pañcakanaye tatiyâdīsu tīsu jhānesu ekaggatā avitakkâvicāro samādhī ti. Evaṃ savitakkasavicārâdivasena tividho.

12

Tatiyattike, catukkanaye ādito dvīsu, pañcakanaye ca tīsu jhānesu ekaggatā pītisahagato samādhi. Tesv eva tatiye ca catutthe ca jhāne ekaggatā sukhasahagato samādhi, avasāne upekkhāsahagato. Upacārasamādhi pana pītisukhasahagato vā hoti upekkhāsahagato vā ti. Evaṃ pītisahagatâdivasena tividho.

13

Catutthattike, upacārabhūmiyaṃ ekaggatā paritto samādhi, rūpāvacarârūpāvacarakusale ekaggatā mahaggato samādhi, ariyamaggasampayuttā ekaggatā appamāṇo samādhī ti. Evaṃ paritta-mahaggatappamāṇavasena tividho.

Samādhicatukkavaṇṇanā

14

Catukkesu paṭhamacatukke, atthi samādhi dukkhāpaṭipado dandhâbhiñño, atthi dukkhāpaṭipado khippâbhiñño, atthi sukhāpaṭipado dandhâbhiñño, atthi sukhāpaṭipado khippâbhiñño ti.

15

Tattha paṭhamasamannāhārato paṭṭhāya yāva tassa tassa jhānassa upacāraṃ uppajjati, tāva pavattā samādhibhāvanā paṭipadā ti vuccati. Upacārato pana paṭṭhāya yāva appanā, tāva pavattā paññā abhiññā ti vuccati. Sā pan’esā paṭipadā ekaccassa dukkhā hoti, nīvaraṇâdi-paccanīkadhamma-samudācāra-gahaṇatāya kicchā asukhâsevanā ti attho, ekaccassa tadabhāvena sukhā. Abhiññā pi ekaccassa dandhā hoti, mandā asīghappavatti, ekaccassa khippā amandā sīghappavatti.

16

Tattha yāni parato sappāyâsappāyāni ca palibodhupacchedâdīni pubbakiccāni ca appanākosallāni ca vaṇṇayissāma (IV.35-65), tesu yo asappāyasevī hoti, tassa dukkhā paṭipadā dandhā ca abhiññā hoti, sappāyasevino sukhā paṭipadā khippā ca abhiññā. Yo pana pubbabhāge asappāyaṃ sevitvā aparabhāge sappāyasevī hoti, pubbabhāge vā sappāyaṃ sevitvā aparabhāge asappāyasevī, tassa vomissakatā veditabbā. Tathā palibodhupacchedâdikaṃ pubbakiccaṃ asampādetvā bhāvanam anuyuttassa dukkhā paṭipadā hoti, vipariyāyena sukhā. Appanākosallāni pana asampādentassa dandhā abhiññā hoti, sampādentassa khippā.

17

Api ca taṇhā-avijjāvasena, samatha-vipassanâdhikāravasena câpi etāsaṃ pabhedo veditabbo. Taṇhâbhibhūtassa hi dukkhā paṭipadā hoti, anabhibhūtassa sukhā. Avijjâbhibhūtassa ca dandhā abhiññā hoti, anabhibhūtassa khippā. Yo ca samathe akatâdhikāro, tassa dukkhā paṭipadā hoti, katâdhikārassa sukhā. Yo pana vipassanāya akatâdhikāro hoti, tassa dandhā abhiññā hoti, katâdhikārassa khippā.

18

Kilesindriyavasena câpi etāsaṃ pabhedo veditabbo. Tibbakilesassa hi mudindriyassa dukkhā paṭipadā hoti dandhā ca abhiññā, tikkhindriyassa pana khippā abhiññā. Mandakilesassa ca mudindriyassa sukhā paṭipadā hoti dandhā ca abhiññā, tikkhindriyassa pana khippā abhiññā ti.

19

Iti imāsu paṭipadā-abhiññāsu yo puggalo dukkhāya paṭipadāya dandhāya ca abhiññāya samādhiṃ pāpuṇāti, tassa so samādhi dukkhāpaṭipado dandhâbhiñño ti vuccati. Esa nayo sesattaye pī ti. Evaṃ dukkhāpaṭipadā-dandhâbhiññâdivasena catubbidho.

20

Dutiyacatukke, atthi samādhi paritto parittârammaṇo, atthi paritto appamāṇârammaṇo, atthi appamāṇo parittârammaṇo, atthi appamāṇo appamāṇârammaṇo ti. Tattha yo samādhi appaguṇo uparijhānassa paccayo bhavituṃ na sakkoti, ayaṃ paritto. Yo pana avaḍḍhite ārammaṇe pavatto, ayaṃ parittârammaṇo. Yo paguṇo subhāvito uparijhānassa paccayo bhavituṃ sakkoti, ayaṃ appamāṇo. Yo ca vaḍḍhite ārammaṇe pavatto, ayaṃ appamāṇârammaṇo. Vuttalakkhaṇavomissatāya pana vomissakanayo veditabbo. Evaṃ paritta-parittârammaṇâdivasena catubbidho.

21

Tatiyacatukke, vikkhambhitanīvaraṇānaṃ vitakka-vicāra-pīti-sukha-samādhīnaṃ vasena pañcaṅgikaṃ paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ, tato vūpasanta-vitakka-vicāraṃ tivaṅgikaṃ dutiyaṃ, tato virattapītikaṃ duvaṅgikaṃ tatiyaṃ, tato pahīnasukhaṃ upekkhāvedanāsahitassa samādhino vasena duvaṅgikaṃ catutthaṃ, iti imesaṃ catunnaṃ jhānānaṃ aṅgabhūtā cattāro samādhī honti. Evaṃ catujhānaṅgavasena catubbidho.

22

Catutthacatukke, atthi samādhi hānabhāgiyo, atthi ṭhitibhāgiyo, atthi visesabhāgiyo, atthi nibbedhabhāgiyo. Tattha paccanīka-samudācāra-vasena hānabhāgiyatā, tadanudhammatāya satiyā saṇṭhānavasena ṭhitibhāgiyatā, uparivisesâdhigamavasena visesabhāgiyatā, nibbidāsahagata-saññā-manasikāra-samudācāra-vasena nibbedhabhāgiyatā ca veditabbā. Yath’āha:

“Paṭhamassa jhānassa lābhiṃ kāmasahagatā saññā-manasikārā samudācaranti, hānabhāginī paññā. Tadanudhammatā sati santiṭṭhati, ṭhitibhāginī paññā. Avitakkasahagatā saññā-manasikārā samudācaranti, visesabhāginī paññā. Nibbidāsahagatā saññā-manasikārā samudācaranti, virāgûpasañhitā, nibbedhabhāginī paññā” ti. (vibha. 799)

Tāya pana paññāya sampayuttā samādhī pi cattāro hontī ti. Evaṃ hānabhāgiyâdivasena catubbidho.

23

Pañcamacatukke, kāmāvacaro samādhi, rūpāvacaro samādhi, arūpāvacaro samādhi, apariyāpanno samādhī ti evaṃ cattāro samādhī. Tattha sabbā pi upacārekaggatā kāmāvacaro samādhi, tathā rūpāvacarâdi-kusalacittekaggatā itare tayo ti. Evaṃ kāmāvacarâdivasena catubbidho.

24

Chaṭṭhacatukke,

“Chandaṃ ce bhikkhu adhipatiṃ karitvā labhati samādhiṃ, labhati cittass’ekaggataṃ, ayaṃ vuccati chandasamādhi…pe… Vīriyaṃ ce bhikkhu…pe… Cittaṃ ce bhikkhu…pe… Vīmaṃsaṃ ce bhikkhu adhipatiṃ karitvā labhati samādhiṃ, labhati cittass’ekaggataṃ, ayaṃ vuccati vīmaṃsāsamādhī” ti. (vibha. 432; saṃ. ni. 3.825)

Evaṃ adhipativasena catubbidho.

25

Pañcake, yaṃ catukkabhede vuttaṃ dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ, taṃ vitakkamattâtikkamena dutiyaṃ, vitakka-vicārâtikkamena tatiyan ti evaṃ dvidhā bhinditvā pañca jhānāni veditabbāni, tesaṃ aṅgabhūtā ca pañca samādhī ti. Evaṃ pañcajhānaṅgavasena pañcavidhatā veditabbā.

CST40

26

Ko c’assa saṃkileso, kiṃ vodānan ti, ettha pana vissajjanaṃ Vibhaṅge vuttam eva. Vuttañ hi tattha:

“Saṃkilesan ti hānabhāgiyo dhammo. Vodānan ti visesabhāgiyo dhammo” ti. (vibha. 828)

Tattha,

“Paṭhamassa jhānassa lābhiṃ kāmasahagatā saññā-manasikārā samudācaranti, hānabhāginī paññā” ti (vibha. 799)

iminā nayena hānabhāgiyadhammo veditabbo.

“Avitakkasahagatā saññā-manasikārā samudācaranti, visesabhāginī paññā” ti (vibha. 799)

iminā nayena visesabhāgiyadhammo veditabbo.

Dasapalibodhavaṇṇanā

CST41

27

Kathaṃ bhāvetabbo ti ettha pana, yo tāva ayaṃ lokiya-lokuttaravasena duvidho ti ādīsu ariyamaggasampayutto samādhi vutto, tassa¹ bhāvanānayo paññābhāvanānayen’eva saṅgahito. Paññāya hi bhāvitāya so bhāvito hoti. Tasmā taṃ sandhāya evaṃ bhāvetabbo ti na kiñci visuṃ vadāma.

28

Yo panâyaṃ lokiyo, so vuttanayena sīlāni visodhetvā suparisuddhe sīle patiṭṭhitena,

1. yvâssa dasasu palibodhesu palibodho atthi, taṃ upacchinditvā
2. kammaṭṭhānadāyakaṃ kalyāṇamittaṃ upasaṅkamitvā
3. attano cariyânukūlaṃ
4. cattālīsāya kammaṭṭhānesu aññataraṃ kammaṭṭhānaṃ gahetvā
5. samādhibhāvanāya ananurūpaṃ vihāraṃ pahāya anurūpe vihāre viharantena
6. khuddaka-palibodhupacchedaṃ katvā
7. sabbaṃ bhāvanāvidhānaṃ aparihāpentena bhāvetabbo ti.

Ayam ettha saṅkhepo.

29

Ayaṃ pana vitthāro. Yaṃ tāva vuttaṃ “yvâssa dasasu palibodhesu palibodho atthi, taṃ upacchinditvā” ti, ettha

Āvāso ca kulaṃ lābho gaṇo kammañ ca pañcamaṃ
addhānaṃ ñāti ābādho gantho iddhī ti te dasā ti.

ime dasa palibodhā nāma. Tattha āvāso yeva āvāsapalibodho, esa nayo kulâdīsu.

30

Tattha āvāso ti eko pi ovarako vuccati, ekam pi pariveṇaṃ, sakalo pi saṅghârāmo. Svâyaṃ na sabbass’eva palibodho hoti. Yo pan’ettha navakammâdīsu ussukkaṃ vā āpajjati, bahubhaṇḍasannicayo vā hoti, yena kenaci vā kāraṇena apekkhavā paṭibaddhacitto, tass’eva palibodho hoti, na itarassa.

31

Tatr’idaṃ vatthu. Dve kira kulaputtā Anurādhapurā nikkhamitvā anupubbena Thūpârāme pabbajiṃsu. Tesu eko dve mātikā paguṇā katvā pañcavassiko hutvā pavāretvā Pācinakhaṇḍarājiṃ nāma gato, eko tatth’eva vasati. Pācinakhaṇḍarājigato tattha ciraṃ vasitvā thero hutvā cintesi “paṭisallānasāruppam idaṃ ṭhānaṃ, handa naṃ sahāyakassâpi ārocemī” ti, tato nikkhamitvā anupubbena Thūpârāmaṃ pāvisi. Pavisantaṃ yeva ca naṃ disvā samānavassikatthero paccuggantvā pattacīvaraṃ paṭiggahetvā vattaṃ akāsi.

32

Āgantukatthero senāsanaṃ pavisitvā cintesi “idāni me sahāyo sappiṃ vā phāṇitaṃ vā pānakaṃ vā pesessati, ayañ hi imasmiṃ nagare ciranivāsī” ti. So rattiṃ aladdhā pāto cintesi “idāni upaṭṭhākehi gahitaṃ² yāgukhajjakaṃ pesessatī” ti, tam pi adisvā “pahiṇantā natthi, paviṭṭhassa maññe dassatī” ti pāto va tena saddhiṃ gāmaṃ pāvisi. Te dve ekaṃ vīthiṃ caritvā uḷuṅkamattaṃ yāguṃ labhitvā āsanasālāyaṃ nisīditvā piviṃsu.

33

Tato āgantuko cintesi “nibaddhayāgu maññe natthi, bhattakāle idāni manussā paṇītaṃ bhattaṃ dassantī” ti, tato bhattakāle pi piṇḍāya caritvā laddham eva bhuñjitvā itaro āha: “kiṃ, bhante, sabbakālaṃ evaṃ yāpethā” ti? “Ām’āvuso” ti. “Bhante, Pācinakhaṇḍarāji phāsukā, tattha gacchāmā” ti. Thero nagarato dakkhiṇadvārena nikkhamanto Kumbhakāragāmamaggaṃ paṭipajji. Itaro āha: “kiṃ pana, bhante, imaṃ maggaṃ paṭipann’atthā” ti? “Na nu tvam, āvuso, Pācinakhaṇḍarājiyā vaṇṇaṃ abhāsī” ti? “Kiṃ pana, bhante, tumhākaṃ ettakaṃ kālaṃ vasitaṭṭhāne na koci atirekaparikkhāro atthī” ti? “Ām’āvuso mañcapīṭhaṃ saṅghikaṃ, taṃ paṭisāmitam eva, aññaṃ kiñci natthī” ti. “Mayhaṃ pana, bhante, kattaradaṇḍo telanāḷi upāhanatthavikā ca tatth’evā” ti. “Tay’āvuso, ekadivasaṃ vasitvā ettakaṃ ṭhapitan” ti? “Āma, bhante”.

34

So pasannacitto theraṃ vanditvā “tumhādisānaṃ, bhante, sabbattha araññavāso yeva, Thūpârāmo catunnaṃ Buddhānaṃ dhātunidhānaṭṭhānaṃ, Lohapāsāde sappāyaṃ dhammassavanaṃ, Mahācetiyadassanaṃ, theradassanañ ca labbhati, Buddhakālo viya pavattati, idh’eva tumhe vasathā” ti dutiyadivase pattacīvaraṃ gahetvā sayam eva agamāsī ti. Īdisassa āvāso na palibodho hoti.

35

Kulan ti ñātikulaṃ vā upaṭṭhākakulaṃ vā. Ekaccassa hi upaṭṭhākakulam pi “sukhitesu sukhito” ti (vibha. 888; saṃ. ni. 4.241) ādinā nayena saṃsaṭṭhassa viharato palibodho hoti, so kulamānusakehi vinā dhammassavanāya sāmantavihāram pi na gacchati. Ekaccassa mātāpitaro pi palibodhā na honti.

36

Koraṇḍakavihāra-vāsi-ttherassa bhāgineyya-dahara-bhikkhuno viya. So kira uddesatthaṃ Rohaṇaṃ agamāsi. Therabhaginī pi upāsikā sadā theraṃ tassa pavattiṃ pucchati. Thero ekadivasaṃ “daharaṃ ānessāmī” ti Rohaṇâbhimukho pāyāsi.

37

Daharo pi “ciraṃ me idha vutthaṃ, upajjhāyaṃ dāni passitvā upāsikāya ca pavattiṃ ñatvā āgamissāmī” ti Rohaṇato nikkhami. Te ubho pi Gaṅgātīre samāgacchiṃsu. So aññatarasmiṃ rukkhamūle therassa vattaṃ katvā “kuhiṃ yāsī” ti pucchito tam atthaṃ ārocesi. Thero “suṭṭhu te kataṃ, upāsikā pi sadā pucchati, aham pi etadattham eva āgato, gaccha tvaṃ, ahaṃ pana idh’eva imaṃ vassaṃ vasissāmī” ti taṃ uyyojesi. So vassûpanāyikadivase yeva taṃ vihāraṃ patto. Senāsanam p’issa pitarā kāritam eva pattaṃ.

38

Ath’assa pitā dutiyadivase āgantvā “kassa, bhante, amhākaṃ senāsanaṃ pattan” ti pucchanto “āgantukassa daharassā” ti sutvā taṃ upasaṅkamitvā vanditvā āha: “bhante, amhākaṃ senāsane vassaṃ upagatassa vattaṃ atthī” ti. “Kiṃ, upāsakā” ti? “Temāsaṃ amhākaṃ yeva ghare bhikkhaṃ gahetvā pavāretvā gamanakāle āpucchitabban” ti. So tuṇhibhāvena adhivāsesi. Upāsako pi gharaṃ gantvā “amhākaṃ āvāse eko āgantuko ayyo upagato, sakkaccaṃ upaṭṭhātabbo” ti āha. Upāsikā “sādhū” ti sampaṭicchitvā paṇītaṃ khādanīyaṃ bhojanīyaṃ paṭiyādesi. Daharo pi bhattakāle ñātigharaṃ agamāsi, na naṃ koci sañjāni.

39

So temāsam pi tattha piṇḍapātaṃ paribhuñjitvā vassaṃ vuttho “ahaṃ gacchāmī” ti āpucchi. Ath’assa ñātakā “sve, bhante, gacchathā” ti dutiyadivase ghare yeva bhojetvā telanāḷiṃ pūretvā ekaṃ guḷapiṇḍaṃ navahatthañ ca sāṭakaṃ datvā “gacchatha, bhante” ti āhaṃsu. So anumodanaṃ katvā Rohaṇâbhimukho pāyāsi.

40

Upajjhāyo pi’ssa pavāretvā paṭipathaṃ āgacchanto pubbe diṭṭhaṭṭhāne yeva taṃ addasa. So aññatarasmiṃ rukkhamūle therassa vattaṃ akāsi. Atha naṃ thero pucchi “kiṃ, bhaddamukha, diṭṭhā te upāsikā” ti? So “āma, bhante” ti sabbaṃ pavattiṃ ārocetvā tena telena therassa pāde makkhetvā guḷena pānakaṃ katvā tam pi sāṭakaṃ therass’eva datvā theraṃ vanditvā “mayhaṃ, bhante, Rohaṇaṃ yeva sappāyan” ti agamāsi. Thero pi vihāraṃ āgantvā dutiyadivase Koraṇḍakagāmaṃ pāvisi.

41

Upāsikā pi “mayhaṃ bhātā mama puttaṃ gahetvā idāni āgacchatī” ti sadā maggaṃ olokayamānā va tiṭṭhati. Sā taṃ ekakam eva āgacchantaṃ disvā “mato me maññe putto, ayaṃ thero ekako va āgacchatī” ti therassa pādamūle nipatitvā paridevamānā rodi. Thero “nūna³ daharo appicchatāya attānaṃ ajānāpetvā va gato” ti taṃ samassāsetvā sabbaṃ pavattiṃ ārocetvā pattatthavikato taṃ sāṭakaṃ nīharitvā dasseti.

42

Upāsikā pasīditvā puttena gatadisābhimukhā urena nipajjitvā namassamānā āha: “mayhaṃ puttasadisaṃ vata maññe bhikkhuṃ kāyasakkhiṃ katvā Bhagavā Rathavinītapaṭipadaṃ (ma. ni. 1.252 ādayo), Nālakapaṭipadaṃ (su. ni. 684 ādayo), Tuvaṭṭakapaṭipadaṃ (su. ni. 921 ādayo), catupaccayasantosa-bhāvanârāmatā-dīpakaṃ Mahā-ariyavaṃsapaṭipadañ (a. ni. 4.28; dī. ni. 3.309) ca desesi, vijātamātuyā nāma gehe temāsaṃ bhuñjamāno pi ‘ahaṃ putto tvaṃ mātā’ ti na vakkhati, aho acchariyamanusso” ti. Evarūpassa mātāpitaro pi palibodhā na honti, pageva aññaṃ upaṭṭhākakulan ti.

43

Lābho ti cattāro paccayā. Te kathaṃ palibodhā honti? Puññavantassa hi bhikkhuno gatagataṭṭhāne manussā mahāparivāre paccaye denti. So tesaṃ anumodento dhammaṃ desento samaṇadhammaṃ kātuṃ na okāsaṃ labhati. Aruṇuggamanato yāva paṭhamayāmo, tāva manussasaṃsaggo na upacchijjati. Puna balavapaccūse yeva bāhullikapiṇḍapātikā āgantvā “bhante, asuko upāsako upāsikā amacco amaccadhītā tumhākaṃ dassanakāmā” ti vadanti, so “gaṇh’āvuso, pattacīvaran” ti gamanasajjo va hotī ti niccabyāvaṭo. Tass’eva te paccayā palibodhā honti. Tena gaṇaṃ pahāya yattha naṃ na jānanti, tattha ekakena caritabbaṃ. Evaṃ so palibodho upacchijjatī ti.

44

Gaṇo ti suttantikagaṇo vā ābhidhammikagaṇo vā. Yo tassa uddesaṃ vā paripucchaṃ vā dento samaṇadhammassa okāsaṃ na labhati, tass’eva gaṇo palibodho hoti. Tena so evaṃ upacchinditabbo: sace tesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ bahu gahitaṃ hoti, appaṃ avasiṭṭhaṃ, taṃ niṭṭhapetvā araññaṃ pavisitabbaṃ, sace appaṃ gahitaṃ, bahu avasiṭṭhaṃ, yojanato paraṃ agantvā antoyojanaparicchede aññaṃ gaṇavācakaṃ upasaṅkamitvā “ime āyasmā uddesâdīhi saṅgaṇhatū” ti vattabbaṃ, evaṃ alabhamānena “mayham āvuso, ekaṃ kiccaṃ atthi, tumhe yathāphāsukaṭṭhānāni gacchathā” ti gaṇaṃ pahāya attano kammaṃ kattabban ti.

45

Kamman ti navakammaṃ. Taṃ karontena vaḍḍhakī-âdīhi laddhâladdhaṃ jānitabbaṃ, katâkate ussukkaṃ āpajjitabban ti sabbadā palibodho hoti. So pi evaṃ upacchinditabbo: sace appaṃ avasiṭṭhaṃ hoti niṭṭhapetabbaṃ, sace bahu, saṅghikañ ce navakammaṃ, saṅghassa vā saṅghabhārahāraka-bhikkhūnaṃ vā niyyādetabbaṃ, attano santakañ ce, attano bhārahārakānaṃ niyyādetabbaṃ, tādise alabhantena saṅghassa pariccajitvā gantabban ti.

46

Addhānan ti maggagamanaṃ. Yassa hi katthaci pabbajjâpekkho vā hoti, paccayajātaṃ vā kiñci laddhabbaṃ hoti, sace taṃ alabhanto na sakkoti adhivāsetuṃ, araññaṃ pavisitvā samaṇadhammaṃ karontassa pi gamikacittaṃ nāma duppaṭivinodanīyaṃ hoti, tasmā gantvā taṃ kiccaṃ tīretvā va samaṇadhamme ussukkaṃ kātabban ti.

47

Ñātī ti vihāre ācariyupajjhāya-saddhivihārika-antevāsika-samānupajjhāyaka-samānâcariyakā, ghare mātā pitā bhātā ti evamādikā. Te gilānā imassa palibodhā honti, tasmā so palibodho upaṭṭhahitvā tesaṃ pākatikakaraṇena upacchinditabbo.

48

Tattha upajjhāyo tāva gilāno, sace lahuṃ na vuṭṭhāti, yāvajīvam pi paṭijaggitabbo, tathā pabbajjâcariyo upasampadâcariyo saddhivihāriko upasampādita-pabbājita-antevāsika-samānupajjhāyakā ca. Nissayâcariya-uddesâcariya-nissayantevāsika-uddesantevāsika-samānâcariyakā pana yāva nissaya-uddesā anupacchinnā, tāva paṭijaggitabbā. Pahontena tato uddham pi paṭijaggitabbā eva.

49

Mātāpitūsu upajjhāye viya paṭipajjitabbaṃ. Sace pi hi te rajje ṭhitā honti, puttato ca upaṭṭhānaṃ paccāsīsanti, kātabbam eva. Atha tesaṃ bhesajjaṃ natthi, attano santakaṃ dātabbaṃ, asati bhikkhācariyāya pariyesitvā pi dātabbam eva. Bhātubhaginīnaṃ pana tesaṃ santakam eva yojetvā dātabbaṃ, sace natthi, attano santakaṃ tāvakālikaṃ datvā pacchā labhantena gaṇhitabbaṃ, alabhantena na codetabbā. Aññātakassa bhaginisāmikassa bhesajjaṃ n’eva kātuṃ na dātuṃ vaṭṭati, “tuyhaṃ sāmikassa dehī” ti vatvā pana bhaginiyā dātabbaṃ. Bhātujāyāya pi es’eva nayo. Tesaṃ pana puttā imassa ñātakā evā ti tesaṃ kātuṃ vaṭṭatī ti.

50

Ābādho ti yo koci rogo. So bādhayamāno palibodho hoti, tasmā bhesajjakaraṇena upacchinditabbo. Sace pana katipâhaṃ bhesajjaṃ karontassa pi na vūpasammati, “nâhaṃ tuyhaṃ dāso, na bhaṭako, taṃ yeva hi posento anamatagge saṃsāravaṭṭe dukkhaṃ patto” ti attabhāvaṃ garahitvā samaṇadhammo kātabbo ti.

51

Gantho ti pariyatti-haraṇaṃ⁴. Taṃ sajjhāyâdīhi niccabyāvaṭassa palibodho hoti, na itarassa. Tatr’imāni vatthūni.

Majjhima-bhāṇaka-Devatthero⁵ kira Malaya-vāsi-Devattherassa⁶ santikaṃ gantvā kammaṭṭhānaṃ yāci. Thero “kīdiso’si, āvuso, pariyattiyan” ti pucchi. “Majjhimo me, bhante, paguṇo” ti. “Āvuso, Majjhimo nām’eso dupparihāro, Mūlapaṇṇāsaṃ sajjhāyantassa Majjhimapaṇṇāsako āgacchati, taṃ sajjhāyantassa Uparipaṇṇāsako, kuto tuyhaṃ kammaṭṭhānan” ti? “Bhante, tumhākaṃ santike kammaṭṭhānaṃ labhitvā puna na olokessāmī” ti kammaṭṭhānaṃ gahetvā ekūnavīsati vassāni sajjhāyaṃ akatvā vīsatime vasse arahattaṃ patvā sajjhāyatthāya āgatānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ “vīsati me, āvuso, vassāni pariyattiṃ anolokentassa, api ca kho kataparicayo aham ettha ārabhathā” ti vatvā ādito paṭṭhāya yāva pariyosānā ekabyañjane pi’ssa kaṅkhā nâhosi.

52

Karuḷiyagiri-vāsī-Nāgatthero pi aṭṭhārasa vassāni pariyattiṃ chaḍḍetvā bhikkhūnaṃ Dhātukathaṃ uddisi. Tesaṃ gāmavāsika-ttherehi saddhiṃ saṃsandentānaṃ ekapañho pi uppaṭipāṭiyā āgato nâhosi.

53

Mahāvihāre pi Tipiṭaka-Cūḷâbhayatthero nāma Aṭṭhakathaṃ anuggahetvā va “pañcanikāyamaṇḍale tīṇi Piṭakāni parivattessāmī” ti suvaṇṇabheriṃ paharāpesi. Bhikkhusaṅgho “katamâcariyānaṃ uggaho, attano ācariyuggahañ ñeva vadatu, itarathā vattuṃ na demā” ti āha. Upajjhāyo pi naṃ attano upaṭṭhānam āgataṃ pucchi “tvam, āvuso, bheriṃ paharāpesī” ti? “Āma, bhante”. “Kiṃ kāraṇā” ti? “Pariyattiṃ, bhante, parivattessāmī” ti. “Āvuso Abhaya, ācariyā idaṃ padaṃ kathaṃ vadantī” ti? “Evaṃ vadanti, bhante” ti. Thero “hun” ti paṭibāhi. Puna so aññena aññena pariyāyena “evaṃ vadanti bhante” ti tikkhattuṃ āha. Thero sabbaṃ “hun” ti paṭibāhitvā “āvuso, tayā paṭhamaṃ kathito eva ācariyamaggo, ācariyamukhato pana anuggahitattā ‘evaṃ ācariyā vadantī’ ti saṇṭhātuṃ nâsakkhi, gaccha attano ācariyānaṃ santike suṇāhī” ti. “Kuhiṃ, bhante, gacchāmī” ti? “Gaṅgāya parato Rohaṇajanapade Tulâdhāra-pabbata-vihāre sabbapariyattiko Mahādhammarakkhitatthero nāma vasati, tassa santikaṃ gacchā” ti. “Sādhu, bhante” ti theraṃ vanditvā pañcahi bhikkhusatehi saddhiṃ therassa santikaṃ gantvā vanditvā nisīdi. Thero “kasmā āgato’sī” ti pucchi. “Dhammaṃ sotuṃ, bhante” ti. “Āvuso Abhaya, Dīgha-Majjhimesu maṃ kālena kālaṃ pucchanti, avasesaṃ pana me tiṃsamattāni vassāni na olokitapubbaṃ, api ca tvaṃ rattiṃ mama santike parivattehi, ahaṃ te divā kathayissāmī” ti. So “sādhu, bhante” ti tathā akāsi.

54

Pariveṇadvāre mahāmaṇḍapaṃ kāretvā gāmavāsino divase divase dhammassavanatthāya āgacchanti. Thero rattiṃ parivattitaṃ divā kathayanto anupubbena desanaṃ niṭṭhapetvā Abhayattherassa santike taṭṭikāya nisīditvā “āvuso, mayhaṃ kammaṭṭhānaṃ kathehī” ti āha. “Bhante, kiṃ bhaṇatha, na nu mayā tumhākam eva santike sutaṃ, kim ahaṃ tumhehi aññātaṃ kathessāmī” ti? Tato naṃ thero “añño esa, āvuso, gatakassa maggo nāmā” ti āha.

55

Abhayathero kira tadā sotāpanno hoti. Ath’assa so kammaṭṭhānaṃ datvā āgantvā Lohapāsāde dhammaṃ parivattento “thero parinibbuto” ti assosi. Sutvā “āharath’āvuso, cīvaran” ti cīvaraṃ pārupitvā “anucchaviko, āvuso, amhākaṃ ācariyassa arahattamaggo, ācariyo no, āvuso, uju ājānīyo, so attano dhammantevāsikassa santike taṭṭikāya nisīditvā ‘mayhaṃ kammaṭṭhānaṃ kathehī’ ti āha, anucchaviko, āvuso, therassa arahattamaggo” ti. Evarūpānaṃ gantho palibodho na hotī ti.

56

Iddhī ti pothujjanikā iddhi. Sā hi uttānaseyyaka-dārako viya taruṇasassaṃ viya ca dupparihārā hoti, appamattaken’eva bhijjati. Sā pana vipassanāya palibodho hoti, na samādhissa, samādhiṃ patvā pattabbato. Tasmā vipassanatthikena iddhipalibodho upacchinditabbo, itarena avasesā ti.

Ayaṃ tāva palibodhakathāya vitthāro.

Kammaṭṭhānadāyakavaṇṇanā

CST42

57

Kammaṭṭhānadāyakaṃ kalyāṇamittaṃ upasaṅkamitvā ti ettha pana duvidhaṃ kammaṭṭhānaṃ: sabbatthaka-kammaṭṭhānaṃ pārihāriya-kammaṭṭhānañ ca. Tattha sabbatthaka-kammaṭṭhānaṃ nāma bhikkhusaṅghâdīsu mettā maraṇassati ca, asubhasaññā ti pi eke.

58

Kammaṭṭhānikena hi bhikkhunā paṭhamaṃ tāva paricchinditvā sīmaṭṭhaka-bhikkhusaṅghe, sukhitā hontu abyāpajjā ti mettā bhāvetabbā, tato sīmaṭṭhaka-devatāsu, tato gocaragāmamhi issarajane, tato tattha manusse upādāya sabbasattesu. So hi bhikkhusaṅghe mettāya sahavāsīnaṃ muducittataṃ janeti, ath’assa te sukhasaṃvāsā honti. Sīmaṭṭhaka-devatāsu mettāya mudukatacittāhi devatāhi dhammikāya rakkhāya susaṃvihitarakkho hoti. Gocaragāmamhi issarajane mettāya mudukatacittasantānehi issarehi dhammikāya rakkhāya surakkhitaparikkhāro hoti. Tattha manussesu mettāya pasāditacittehi tehi aparibhūto hutvā vicarati. Sabbasattesu mettāya sabbattha appaṭihatacāro hoti.

Maraṇassatiyā pana, avassaṃ mayā maritabban ti cintento anesanaṃ pahāya uparûpari vaḍḍhamānasaṃvego anolīnavuttiko hoti.

Asubhasaññāparicitacittassa pan’assa dibbāni pi ārammaṇāni lobhavasena cittaṃ na pariyādiyanti.

59

Evaṃ bahûpakārattā sabbattha atthayitabbaṃ icchitabban ti ca, adhippetassa yogânuyogakammassa ṭhānañ cā ti sabbatthaka-kammaṭṭhānan ti vuccati.

60

Cattālīsāya pana kammaṭṭhānesu yaṃ yassa cariyânukūlaṃ, taṃ tassa niccaṃ pariharitabbattā, uparimassa ca uparimassa bhāvanākammassa padaṭṭhānattā pārihāriya-kammaṭṭhānan ti vuccati. Iti imaṃ duvidham pi kammaṭṭhānaṃ yo deti, ayaṃ kammaṭṭhānadāyako nāma, taṃ kammaṭṭhānadāyakaṃ.

61

Kalyāṇamittan ti,

“Piyo garu bhāvanīyo vattā ca vacanakkhamo
gambhīrañ ca kathaṃ kattā, no c’aṭṭhāne niyojako⁷” ti (a. ni. 7.37)

evamādi-guṇa-samannāgataṃ ekantena hitesiṃ vuddhipakkhe ṭhitaṃ kalyāṇamittaṃ.

62

“Mamaṃ hi, Ānanda, kalyāṇamittaṃ āgamma jātidhammā sattā jātiyā parimuccantī” ti (saṃ. ni. 1.129; 5.2)

ādivacanato pana Sammāsambuddho yeva sabbâkārasampanno kalyāṇamitto. Tasmā tasmiṃ sati tass’eva Bhagavato santike gahita-kammaṭṭhānaṃ sugahitaṃ hoti. Parinibbute pana tasmiṃ asītiyā mahāsāvakesu yo dharati, tassa santike gahetuṃ vaṭṭati. Tasmiṃ asati yaṃ kammaṭṭhānaṃ gahetukāmo hoti, tass’eva vasena catukka-pañcaka-jjhānāni nibbattetvā jhānapadaṭṭhānaṃ vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhetvā āsavakkhaya-ppattassa khīṇāsavassa santike gahetabbaṃ.

63

Kiṃ pana khīṇāsavo “ahaṃ khīṇāsavo” ti attānaṃ pakāsetī ti? Kiṃ vattabbaṃ? Kārakabhāvaṃ hi jānitvā pakāseti. Na nu Assaguttatthero āraddhakammaṭṭhānassa bhikkhuno “kammaṭṭhānakārako ayan” ti jānitvā ākāse cammakhaṇḍaṃ paññāpetvā tattha pallaṅkena nisinno kammaṭṭhānaṃ kathesī ti?

64

Tasmā sace khīṇāsavaṃ labhati, icc etaṃ kusalaṃ, no ce labhati, anāgāmi-sakadāgāmi-sotāpanna-jhānalābhīputhujjana-tipiṭakadhara-dvipiṭakadhara-ekapiṭakadharesu purimassa purimassa santike. Ekapiṭakadhare pi asati yassa ekasaṅgīti pi aṭṭhakathāya saddhiṃ paguṇā, ayañ⁸ ca lajjī hoti, tassa santike gahetabbaṃ. Evarūpo hi tantidharo vaṃsânurakkhako paveṇīpālako ācariyo ācariyamatiko va hoti, na attano matiko hoti. Ten’eva porāṇakattherā “lajjī rakkhissati lajjī rakkhissatī” ti tikkhattuṃ āhaṃsu.

65

Pubbe vuttakhīṇāsavâdayo c’ettha attanā adhigatamaggam eva ācikkhanti. Bahussuto pana taṃ taṃ ācariyaṃ upasaṅkamitvā uggaha-paripucchānaṃ visodhitattā ito c’ito ca suttañ ca kāraṇañ ca sallakkhetvā sappāyâsappāyaṃ yojetvā gahanaṭṭhāne gacchanto mahāhatthī viya mahāmaggaṃ dassento kammaṭṭhānaṃ kathessati. Tasmā evarūpaṃ kammaṭṭhānadāyakaṃ kalyāṇamittaṃ upasaṅkamitvā tassa vattapaṭipattiṃ katvā kammaṭṭhānaṃ gahetabbaṃ.

66

Sace pan’etaṃ ekavihāre yeva labhati, icc etaṃ kusalaṃ, no ce labhati, yattha so vasati, tattha gantabbaṃ. Gacchantena ca na dhotamakkhitehi pādehi upāhanā ārūhitvā chattaṃ gahetvā telanāḷi-madhuphāṇitâdīni gāhāpetvā antevāsika-parivutena gantabbaṃ. Gamikavattaṃ pana pūretvā attano pattacīvaraṃ sayam eva gahetvā antarāmagge yaṃ yaṃ vihāraṃ pavisati, sabbattha vattapaṭipattiṃ kurumānena sallahuka-parikkhārena parama-sallekha-vuttinā hutvā gantabbaṃ. Taṃ vihāraṃ pavisantena antarāmagge yeva dantakaṭṭhaṃ kappiyaṃ kārāpetvā gahetvā pavisitabbaṃ, na ca “muhuttaṃ vissametvā pādadhovana-makkhanâdīni katvā ācariyassa santikaṃ gamissāmī” ti aññaṃ pariveṇaṃ pavisitabbaṃ.

67

Kasmā? Sace hi’ssa tatra ācariyassa visabhāgā bhikkhū bhaveyyuṃ, te āgamanakāraṇaṃ pucchitvā ācariyassa avaṇṇaṃ pakāsetvā “naṭṭho’si, sace tassa santikaṃ āgato” ti vippaṭisāraṃ uppādeyyuṃ, yena tato va paṭinivatteyya. Tasmā ācariyassa vasanaṭṭhānaṃ pucchitvā ujukaṃ tatth’eva gantabbaṃ.

68

Sace ācariyo daharataro hoti, pattacīvara-paṭiggahaṇâdīni na sāditabbāni. Sace vuḍḍhataro hoti, gantvā ācariyaṃ vanditvā ṭhātabbaṃ. “Nikkhip’āvuso, pattacīvaran” ti vuttena nikkhipitabbaṃ. “Pānīyaṃ pivā” ti vuttena sace icchati pātabbaṃ. “Pāde dhovāhī” ti vuttena na tāva pādā dhovitabbā. Sace hi ācariyena ābhataṃ udakaṃ bhaveyya, na sāruppaṃ siyā. “Dhovāh’āvuso, na mayā ābhataṃ, aññehi ābhatan” ti vuttena pana yattha ācariyo na passati, evarūpe paṭicchanne vā okāse, abbhokāse vihārassâpi vā ekamante nisīditvā pādā dhovitabbā.

69

Sace ācariyo telanāḷiṃ āharati, uṭṭhahitvā ubhohi hatthehi sakkaccaṃ gahetabbā. Sace hi na gaṇheyya, “ayaṃ bhikkhu ito eva paṭṭhāya sambhogaṃ kopetī” ti ācariyassa aññathattaṃ bhaveyya. Gahetvā pana na ādito va pādā makkhetabbā. Sace hi taṃ ācariyassa gattabbhañjanatelaṃ bhaveyya, na sāruppaṃ siyā. Tasmā ⁹ sīsaṃ makkhetvā khandhâdīni makkhetabbāni. “Sabbapārihāriyatelam idaṃ, āvuso, pāde pi makkhehī” ti vuttena pana thokaṃ sīse katvā pāde makkhetvā “imaṃ telanāḷiṃ ṭhapemi, bhante” ti vatvā ācariye gaṇhante dātabbā.

70

Āgatadivasato paṭṭhāya “kammaṭṭhānaṃ me, bhante, kathetha” icc evaṃ na vattabbaṃ. Dutiyadivasato pana paṭṭhāya, sace ācariyassa pakati-upaṭṭhāko atthi, taṃ yācitvā vattaṃ kātabbaṃ. Sace yācito pi na deti, okāse laddhe yeva kātabbaṃ. Karontena khuddaka-majjhima-mahantāni tīṇi dantakaṭṭhāni upanāmetabbāni, sītaṃ uṇhan ti duvidhaṃ mukhadhovana-udakañ ca nhānodakañ ca paṭiyādetabbaṃ. Tato yaṃ ācariyo tīṇi divasāni paribhuñjati, tādisam eva niccaṃ upanāmetabbaṃ. Niyamaṃ akatvā yaṃ vā taṃ vā paribhuñjantassa yathāladdhaṃ upanāmetabbaṃ.

71

Kiṃ bahunā vuttena? Yaṃ taṃ Bhagavatā,

“Antevāsikena, bhikkhave, ācariyamhi sammā vattitabbaṃ. Tatrâyaṃ sammāvattanā: kālass’eva uṭṭhāya, upāhanā omuñcitvā ekaṃsaṃ uttarāsaṅgaṃ karitvā dantakaṭṭhaṃ dātabbaṃ, mukhodakaṃ dātabbaṃ, āsanaṃ paññapetabbaṃ. Sace yāgu hoti, bhājanaṃ dhovitvā yāgu upanāmetabbā” ti (mahāva. 78)

ādikaṃ Khandhake sammāvattaṃ paññattaṃ, taṃ sabbam pi kātabbaṃ.

72

Evaṃ vattasampattiyā garuṃ ārādhayamānena sāyaṃ vanditvā “yāhī” ti vissajjitena gantabbaṃ. Yadā so “kiss’āgato’sī” ti pucchati, tadā āgamanakāraṇaṃ kathetabbaṃ. Sace so n’eva pucchati, vattaṃ pana sādiyati, dasâhe vā pakkhe vā vītivatte ekadivasaṃ vissajjitenâpi agantvā okāsaṃ kāretvā āgamanakāraṇaṃ ārocetabbaṃ. Akāle vā gantvā “kimattham āgato’sī” ti puṭṭhena ārocetabbaṃ. Sace so “pāto va āgacchā” ti vadati, pāto va gantabbaṃ.

73

Sace pan’assa tāya velāya pittâbādhena vā kucchi pariḍayhati, aggimandatāya vā bhattaṃ na jīrati, añño vā koci rogo bādhati, taṃ yathābhūtaṃ āvikatvā attano sappāyavelaṃ ārocetvā tāya velāya upasaṅkamitabbaṃ. Asappāyavelāya hi vuccamānam pi kammaṭṭhānaṃ na sakkā hoti manasikātun ti.

Ayaṃ kammaṭṭhānadāyakaṃ kalyāṇamittaṃ upasaṅkamitvā ti ettha vitthāro.

Cariyāvaṇṇanā

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74

Idāni attano cariyânukūlan ti ettha cariyā ti cha cariyā: rāgacariyā, dosacariyā, mohacariyā, saddhācariyā, buddhicariyā, vitakkacariyā ti. Keci pana rāgâdīnaṃ saṃsagga-sannipātavasena aparā pi catasso, tathā saddhâdīnan ti imāhi aṭṭhahi saddhiṃ cuddasa icchanti. Evaṃ pana bhede vuccamāne rāgâdīnaṃ saddhâdīhi pi saṃsaggaṃ katvā anekā cariyā honti, tasmā saṅkhepena chaḷ eva cariyā veditabbā. Cariyā, pakati, ussannatā ti atthato ekaṃ. Tāsaṃ vasena chaḷ eva puggalā honti: rāgacarito, dosacarito, mohacarito, saddhācarito, buddhicarito, vitakkacarito ti.

75

Tattha yasmā rāgacaritassa kusalappavattisamaye saddhā balavatī hoti, rāgassa āsannaguṇattā, — yathā hi akusalapakkhe rāgo siniddho nâtilūkho, evaṃ kusalapakkhe saddhā, yathā rāgo vatthukāme pariyesati, evaṃ saddhā sīlâdiguṇe, yathā rāgo ahitaṃ na pariccajati, evaṃ saddhā hitaṃ na pariccajati, — tasmā rāgacaritassa saddhācarito sabhāgo.

76

Yasmā pana dosacaritassa kusalappavattisamaye paññā balavatī hoti, dosassa āsannaguṇattā, — yathā hi akusalapakkhe doso nissineho¹⁰ na ārammaṇaṃ allīyati, evaṃ kusalapakkhe paññā, yathā ca doso abhūtam pi dosam eva pariyesati, evaṃ paññā bhūtaṃ dosam eva, yathā doso satta-parivajjanâkārena pavattati, evaṃ paññā saṅkhāra-parivajjanâkārena, — tasmā dosacaritassa buddhicarito sabhāgo.

77

Yasmā pana mohacaritassa anuppannānaṃ kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ uppādāya vāyamamānassa yebhuyyena antarāyakarā vitakkā uppajjanti, mohassa āsannalakkhaṇattā, — yathā hi moho paribyākulatāya anavaṭṭhito, evaṃ vitakko nānappakāra-vitakkanatāya, yathā ca moho apariyogāhaṇatāya cañcalo, tathā vitakko lahuparikappanatāya, — tasmā mohacaritassa vitakkacarito sabhāgo ti.

78

Apare taṇhā-māna-diṭṭhi-vasena aparā pi tisso cariyā vadanti. Tattha taṇhā rāgo yeva, māno ca taṃsampayutto ti tad ubhayaṃ rāgacariyaṃ nâtivattati. Mohanidānattā ca diṭṭhiyā diṭṭhicariyā mohacariyam eva anupatati.

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79

• Tā pan’etā cariyā kinnidānā?
• Kathañ ca jānitabbaṃ “ayaṃ puggalo rāgacarito, ayaṃ puggalo dosâdīsu aññataracarito” ti?
• Kiṃcaritassa puggalassa kiṃ sappāyan ti?

80

Tatra purimā tāva tisso cariyā pubbâciṇṇanidānā, dhātu-dosa-nidānā cā ti ekacce vadanti. Pubbe kira iṭṭhappayoga-subhakammabahulo rāgacarito hoti, saggā vā cavitvā idhûpapanno. Pubbe chedana-vadha-bandhana-vera-kammabahulo dosacarito hoti, niraya-nāgayonīhi vā cavitvā idhûpapanno. Pubbe majjapānabahulo suta-paripucchā-vihīno ca mohacarito hoti, tiracchānayoniyā vā cavitvā idhûpapanno ti. Evaṃ pubbâciṇṇanidānā ti vadanti.

81

Dvinnaṃ pana dhātūnaṃ ussannattā puggalo mohacarito hoti, pathavīdhātuyā ca āpodhātuyā ca. Itarāsaṃ dvinnaṃ ussannattā dosacarito. Sabbāsaṃ samattā pana rāgacarito ti. Dosesu ca semhâdhiko rāgacarito hoti, vātâdhiko mohacarito, semhâdhiko vā mohacarito, vātâdhiko rāgacarito ti. Evaṃ dhātu-dosanidānā ti vadanti.

82

Tattha yasmā pubbe iṭṭhappayoga-subhakammabahulā pi saggā cavitvā idhûpapannā pi ca, na sabbe rāgacaritā yeva honti, na¹¹ itare vā dosa-moha-caritā, evaṃ dhātūnañ ca yathāvutten’eva nayena ussadaniyamo nāma natthi. Dosaniyame ca rāga-moha-dvayam eva vuttaṃ, tam pi ca pubbâpara-viruddham eva, saddhācariyâdīsu ca ekissā pi nidānaṃ na vuttam eva, tasmā sabbam etaṃ aparicchinnavacanaṃ.

83

Ayaṃ pan’ettha Aṭṭhakathâcariyānaṃ matânusārena vinicchayo. Vuttañ h’etaṃ Ussadakittane:

“Ime sattā pubbahetuniyāmena lobhussadā dosussadā mohussadā alobhussadā adosussadā amohussadā ca honti.

“Yassa hi kammâyūhanakkhaṇe lobho balavā hoti alobho mando, adosâmohā balavanto dosamohā mandā, tassa mando alobho lobhaṃ pariyādātuṃ na sakkoti, adosâmohā pana balavanto dosamohe pariyādātuṃ sakkoti. Tasmā so tena kammena dinnapaṭisandhivasena nibbatto luddho hoti sukhasīlo akkodhano paññavā vajirûpamañāṇo.

84

“Yassa pana kammâyūhanakkhaṇe lobhadosā balavanto honti alobhâdosā mandā, amoho balavā moho mando, so purimanayen’eva luddho c’eva hoti duṭṭho ca, paññavā pana hoti vajirûpamañāṇo, Dattâbhayatthero viya.

“Yassa kammâyūhanakkhaṇe lobhâdosamohā balavanto honti itare mandā, so purimanayen’eva luddho c’eva hoti dandho ca, sīlako pana hoti akkodhano, Bākulatthero viya.

“Tathā yassa kammâyūhanakkhaṇe tayo pi lobhadosamohā balavanto honti alobhâdayo mandā, so purimanayen’eva luddho c’eva hoti duṭṭho ca mūḷho ca.

85

“Yassa pana kammâyūhanakkhaṇe alobhadosamohā balavanto honti itare mandā, so purimanayen’eva aluddho¹² appakileso hoti, dibbârammaṇam pi disvā niccalo, duṭṭho pana hoti dandhapañño ca.

“Yassa pana kammâyūhanakkhaṇe alobhâdosamohā balavanto honti itare mandā, so purimanayen’eva aluddho c’eva hoti aduṭṭho sīlako ca, dandho pana hoti.

“Tathā yassa kammâyūhanakkhaṇe alobhadosâmohā balavanto honti itare mandā, so purimanayen’eva aluddho c’eva hoti paññavā ca, duṭṭho ca pana hoti kodhano.

“Yassa pana kammâyūhanakkhaṇe tayo pi alobhâdosâmohā balavanto honti lobhâdayo mandā, so purimanayen’eva, Mahāsaṅgharakkhitatthero viya, aluddho aduṭṭho paññavā ca hotī” ti. (dha. sa. aṭṭha. 498)

86

Ettha ca yo luddho ti vutto, ayaṃ rāgacarito, duṭṭha-dandhā dosa-moha-caritā, paññavā buddhicarito, aluddha-aduṭṭhā pasannapakatitāya saddhācaritā. Yathā vā amoha-parivārena kammunā nibbatto buddhicarito, evaṃ balavasaddhā-parivārena kammunā nibbatto saddhācarito, kāmavitakkâdi-parivārena kammunā nibbatto vitakkacarito, lobhâdinā vomissa-parivārena kammunā nibbatto vomissacarito ti. Evaṃ lobhâdīsu aññataraññatara-parivāraṃ paṭisandhijanakaṃ kammaṃ cariyānaṃ nidānan ti veditabbaṃ.

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87

Yaṃ pana vuttaṃ kathañ ca jānitabbaṃ ayaṃ puggalo rāgacarito ti ādi, tatrâyaṃ nayo:

Iriyāpathato kiccā bhojanā dassanâdito
dhammappavattito c’eva cariyāyo vibhāvaye ti.

88

Tattha iriyāpathato ti rāgacarito hi pakatigamanena gacchanto cāturiyena gacchati, saṇikaṃ pādaṃ nikkhipati, samaṃ nikkhipati, samaṃ uddharati, ukkuṭikañ c’assa padaṃ hoti. Dosacarito pādaggehi khaṇanto viya gacchati, sahasā pādaṃ nikkhipati, sahasā uddharati, anukaḍḍhitañ c’assa padaṃ hoti. Mohacarito paribyākulāya gatiyā gacchati, chambhito viya padaṃ nikkhipati, chambhito viya uddharati, sahasânupīḷitañ c’assa padaṃ hoti. Vuttam pi c’etaṃ Māgaṇḍiyasuttuppattiyaṃ:

“Rattassa hi ukkuṭikaṃ padaṃ bhave,
duṭṭhassa hoti anukaḍḍhitaṃ padaṃ,
mūḷhassa hoti sahasânupīḷitaṃ,
vivaṭṭacchadassa idam īdisaṃ padan” ti.

89

Ṭhānam pi rāgacaritassa pāsādikaṃ hoti madhurâkāraṃ, dosacaritassa thaddhâkāraṃ, mohacaritassa ākulâkāraṃ. Nisajjāya pi es’eva nayo. Rāgacarito ca ataramāno samaṃ seyyaṃ paññapetvā saṇikaṃ nipajjitvā aṅgapaccaṅgāni samodhāya pāsādikena ākārena sayati, vuṭṭhāpiyamāno ca sīghaṃ avuṭṭhāya saṅkito viya saṇikaṃ paṭivacanaṃ deti. Dosacarito taramāno yathā vā tathā vā seyyaṃ paññapetvā pakkhittakāyo bhākuṭiṃ katvā sayati, vuṭṭhāpiyamāno ca sīghaṃ vuṭṭhāya kupito viya paṭivacanaṃ deti. Mohacarito dussaṇṭhānaṃ seyyaṃ paññapetvā vikkhittakāyo bahulaṃ adhomukho sayati, vuṭṭhāpiyamāno ca huṅkāraṃ karonto dandhaṃ vuṭṭhāti.

90

Saddhācaritâdayo pana yasmā rāgacaritâdīnaṃ sabhāgā, tasmā tesam pi tādiso va iriyāpatho hotī ti. Evaṃ tāva iriyāpathato cariyāyo vibhāvaye.

91

Kiccā ti sammajjanâdīsu ca kiccesu rāgacarito sādhukaṃ sammajjaniṃ gahetvā ataramāno vālikaṃ avippakiranto sinduvāra-kusuma-santharam iva santharanto suddhaṃ samaṃ sammajjati. Dosacarito gāḷhaṃ sammajjaniṃ gahetvā taramānarūpo ubhato vālikaṃ ussārento kharena saddena asuddhaṃ visamaṃ sammajjati. Mohacarito sithilaṃ sammajjaniṃ gahetvā samparivattakaṃ āḷolayamāno asuddhaṃ visamaṃ sammajjati.

92

Yathā sammajjane, evaṃ cīvara-dhovana-rajanâdīsu pi sabbakiccesu nipuṇa-madhura-sama-sakkaccakārī rāgacarito, gāḷha-thaddha-visamakārī dosacarito, anipuṇa-byākula-visamâparicchinnakārī mohacarito. Cīvaradhāraṇam pi ca rāgacaritassa nâtigāḷhaṃ nâtisithilaṃ hoti pāsādikaṃ parimaṇḍalaṃ, dosacaritassa atigāḷhaṃ aparimaṇḍalaṃ, mohacaritassa sithilaṃ paribyākulaṃ. Saddhācaritâdayo tesaṃ yevânusārena veditabbā, taṃsabhāgattā ti. Evaṃ kiccato cariyāyo vibhāvaye.

93

Bhojanā ti rāgacarito siniddha-madhura-bhojanappiyo hoti, bhuñjamāno ca nâtimahantaṃ parimaṇḍalaṃ ālopaṃ katvā rasapaṭisaṃvedī¹³ ataramāno bhuñjati, kiñcid eva ca sāduṃ labhitvā somanassaṃ āpajjati. Dosacarito lūkha-ambila-bhojanappiyo hoti, bhuñjamāno ca mukhapūrakaṃ ālopaṃ katvā arasapaṭisaṃvedī taramāno bhuñjati, kiñcid eva ca asāduṃ labhitvā domanassaṃ āpajjati. Mohacarito aniyataruciko hoti, bhuñjamāno ca aparimaṇḍalaṃ parittaṃ ālopaṃ katvā bhājane chaḍḍento mukhaṃ makkhento vikkhittacitto taṃ taṃ vitakkento bhuñjati. Saddhācaritâdayo pi tesaṃ yevânusārena veditabbā, taṃsabhāgattā ti. Evaṃ bhojanato cariyāyo vibhāvaye.

94

Dassanâdito ti rāgacarito īsakam pi manoramaṃ rūpaṃ disvā vimhayajāto viya ciraṃ oloketi, paritte pi guṇe sajjati, bhūtam pi dosaṃ na gaṇhāti, pakkamanto pi amuñcitukāmo va hutvā sâpekkho pakkamati. Dosacarito īsakam pi amanoramaṃ rūpaṃ disvā kilantarūpo viya na ciraṃ oloketi, paritte pi dose paṭihaññati, bhūtam pi guṇaṃ na gaṇhāti, pakkamanto pi muñcitukāmo va hutvā anapekkho pakkamati. Mohacarito yaṃ kiñci rūpaṃ disvā parapaccayiko hoti, paraṃ nindantaṃ sutvā nindati, pasaṃsantaṃ sutvā pasaṃsati, sayaṃ pana aññāṇupekkhāya upekkhako va hoti. Esa nayo saddasavanâdīsu pi. Saddhācaritâdayo pana tesaṃ yevânusārena veditabbā, taṃsabhāgattā ti. Evaṃ dassanâdito cariyāyo vibhāvaye.

95

Dhammappavattito c’evā ti rāgacaritassa ca māyā, sāṭheyyaṃ, māno, pāpicchatā, mahicchatā, asantuṭṭhitā, siṅgaṃ, cāpalyan ti evamādayo dhammā bahulaṃ pavattanti. Dosacaritassa kodho, upanāho, makkho, paḷāso, issā, macchariyan ti evamādayo. Mohacaritassa thinaṃ, middhaṃ, uddhaccaṃ, kukkuccaṃ, vicikicchā, ādhānaggāhitā, duppaṭinissaggitā ti evamādayo. Saddhācaritassa muttacāgatā, ariyānaṃ dassanakāmatā, saddhammaṃ sotukāmatā, pāmojjabahulatā, asaṭhatā, amāyāvitā, pasādanīyesu ṭhānesu pasādo ti evamādayo. Buddhicaritassa sovacassatā, kalyāṇamittatā, bhojane mattaññutā, satisampajaññaṃ, jāgariyânuyogo, saṃvejanīyesu ṭhānesu saṃvego, saṃviggassa ca yoniso padhānan ti evamādayo. Vitakkacaritassa bhassabahulatā, gaṇârāmatā, kusalânuyoge arati, anavaṭṭhitakiccatā, rattiṃ dhūmāyanā¹⁴, divā pajjalanā, hurāhuraṃ dhāvanā ti evamādayo dhammā bahulaṃ pavattantī ti. Evaṃ dhammappavattito cariyāyo vibhāvaye.

96

Yasmā pana idaṃ cariyā-vibhāvana-vidhānaṃ sabbâkārena n’eva pāḷiyaṃ na aṭṭhakathāyaṃ āgataṃ, kevalaṃ ācariyamatânusārena vuttaṃ, tasmā na sārato paccetabbaṃ. Rāgacaritassa hi vuttāni iriyāpathâdīni dosacaritâdayo pi appamādavihārino kātuṃ sakkonti. Saṃsaṭṭhacaritassa ca puggalassa ekass’eva bhinnalakkhaṇā iriyāpathâdayo na upapajjanti. Yaṃ pan’etaṃ aṭṭhakathāsu cariyā-vibhāvana-vidhānaṃ vuttaṃ, tad eva sārato paccetabbaṃ. Vuttañ h’etaṃ:

“Cetopariyañāṇassa lābhī ācariyo cariyaṃ ñatvā kammaṭṭhānaṃ kathessati, itarena antevāsiko pucchitabbo” ti.

Tasmā cetopariyañāṇena vā taṃ vā puggalaṃ pucchitvā jānitabbaṃ, ayaṃ puggalo rāgacarito, ayaṃ dosādīsu aññataracarito ti.

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Kiṃcaritassa puggalassa kiṃ sappāyan ti ettha pana senāsanaṃ tāva rāgacaritassa adhotavedikaṃ bhūmaṭṭhakaṃ akatapabbhārakaṃ tiṇakuṭikaṃ paṇṇasālâdīnaṃ aññataraṃ rajokiṇṇaṃ jatukābharitaṃ oluggaviluggaṃ ati-uccaṃ vā ati-nīcaṃ vā ujjaṅgalaṃ sâsaṅkaṃ asuci-visama-maggaṃ, yattha mañcapīṭham pi maṅkuṇabharitaṃ durūpaṃ dubbaṇṇaṃ, yaṃ olokentass’eva jigucchā uppajjati, tādisaṃ sappāyaṃ.

Nivāsanapārupanaṃ antacchinnaṃ olamba-vilamba-suttakâkiṇṇaṃ jālapūvasadisaṃ, sāṇi viya kharasamphassaṃ kiliṭṭhaṃ bhārikaṃ kicchapariharaṇaṃ sappāyaṃ.

Patto pi dubbaṇṇo mattikāpatto vā āṇigaṇṭhikâhato ayopatto vā garuko dussaṇṭhāno, sīsakapālam iva jeguccho vaṭṭati.

Bhikkhācāramaggo pi amanāpo anāsannagāmo visamo vaṭṭati.

Bhikkhācāragāmo pi yattha manussā apassantā viya caranti, yattha ekakule pi bhikkhaṃ alabhitvā nikkhamantaṃ “ehi, bhante” ti āsanasālaṃ pavesetvā yāgubhattaṃ datvā gacchantā, gāvī viya vaje pavesetvā anapalokentā¹⁵ gacchanti, tādiso vaṭṭati.

Parivisakamanussā pi dāsā vā kammakarā vā dubbaṇṇā duddasikā kiliṭṭhavasanā duggandhā jegucchā, ye acittīkārena yāgubhattaṃ chaḍḍentā viya parivisanti, tādisā sappāyā.

Yāgubhatta-khajjakam pi lūkhaṃ dubbaṇṇaṃ sāmāka-kudrūsaka-kaṇājakâdi-mayaṃ, pūtitakkaṃ bilaṅgaṃ jiṇṇasākasūpeyyaṃ, yaṃ kiñcid eva kevalaṃ udarapūramattaṃ vaṭṭati.

Iriyāpatho pi’ssa ṭhānaṃ vā caṅkamo vā vaṭṭati. Ārammaṇaṃ nīlâdīsu vaṇṇakasiṇesu yaṃ kiñci aparisuddhavaṇṇan ti.

Idaṃ rāgacaritassa sappāyaṃ.

98

Dosacaritassa senāsanaṃ nâti-uccaṃ nâti-nīcaṃ, chāyûdaka-sampannaṃ, suvibhatta-bhitti-thambha-sopānaṃ, supariniṭṭhita-mālākamma-latākamma-nānāvidha-cittakamma-samujjala-sama-siniddha-mudu-bhūmitalaṃ, Brahmavimānam iva kusuma-dāma-vicitra-vaṇṇa-cela-vitāna-samalaṅkataṃ supaññatta-suci-manorama-ttharaṇa-mañcapīṭhaṃ tattha tattha vāsatthāya nikkhitta-kusuma-vāsa-gandha-sugandhaṃ, yaṃ dassanamatten’eva pītipāmojjaṃ janayati, evarūpaṃ sappāyaṃ.

99

Tassa pana senāsanassa maggo pi sabbaparissaya-vimutto sucisamatalo alaṅkatapaṭiyatto va vaṭṭati.

Senāsana-parikkhāro p’ettha kīṭamaṅkuṇa-dīghajāti-mūsikānaṃ nissayaparicchindanatthaṃ nâtibahuko, eka-mañcapīṭhamattam eva vaṭṭati.

Nivāsanapārupanam pi’ssa cīnapaṭṭa-somārapaṭṭa-koseyya-kappāsikasukhuma-khomâdīnaṃ¹⁶ yaṃ yaṃ paṇītaṃ, tena tena ekapaṭṭaṃ vā dupaṭṭaṃ vā sallahukaṃ samaṇasāruppena surattaṃ suddhavaṇṇaṃ vaṭṭati.

Patto udaka-pupphuḷam¹⁷ iva susaṇṭhāno, maṇi viya sumaṭṭho nimmalo, samaṇasāruppena suparisuddhavaṇṇo ayomayo vaṭṭati.

Bhikkhācāramaggo parissaya-vimutto samo manāpo nâtidūra-nâccāsanna-gāmo vaṭṭati.

Bhikkhācāragāmo pi yattha manussā “idāni ayyo āgamissatī” ti sittasammaṭṭhe padese āsanaṃ paññāpetvā paccuggantvā pattaṃ ādāya gharaṃ pavesetvā paññattâsane nisīdāpetvā sakkaccaṃ sahatthā parivisanti, tādiso vaṭṭati.

100

Parivesakā pan’assa ye honti abhirūpā pāsādikā sunhātā suvilittā dhūpa-vāsa-kusuma-gandha-surabhino nānāvirāga-suci-manuñña-vatthâbharaṇa-paṭimaṇḍitā sakkacca-kārino, tādisā sappāyā.

Yāgubhatta-khajjakam pi vaṇṇa-gandha-rasa-sampannaṃ ojavantaṃ manoramaṃ sabbâkārapaṇītaṃ yāvadatthaṃ vaṭṭati.

Iriyāpatho pi’ssa seyyā vā nisajjā vā vaṭṭati. Ārammaṇaṃ nīlâdīsu vaṇṇakasiṇesu yaṃ kiñci suparisuddhavaṇṇan ti.

Idaṃ dosacaritassa sappāyaṃ.

101

Mohacaritassa senāsanaṃ disāmukhaṃ asambādhaṃ vaṭṭati, yattha nisinnassa vivaṭā disā khāyanti.

Iriyāpathesu caṅkamo vaṭṭati. Ārammaṇaṃ pan’assa parittaṃ suppamattaṃ sarāvamattaṃ vā na vaṭṭati. Sambādhasmiñ hi okāse cittaṃ bhiyyo sammoham āpajjati, tasmā vipulaṃ mahākasiṇaṃ vaṭṭati. Sesaṃ dosacaritassa vuttasadisam evā ti.

Idaṃ mohacaritassa sappāyaṃ.

102

Saddhācaritassa sabbam pi dosacaritamhi vuttavidhānaṃ sappāyaṃ. Ārammaṇesu c’assa anussatiṭṭhānam pi vaṭṭati.

Buddhicaritassa senāsanâdīsu, idaṃ nāma asappāyan ti natthi.

Vitakkacaritassa senāsanaṃ vivaṭaṃ disāmukhaṃ, yattha nisinnassa ārāma-vana-pokkharaṇī-rāmaṇeyyakāni, gāma-nigama-janapada-paṭipāṭiyo, nīlobhāsā ca pabbatā paññāyanti, taṃ na vaṭṭati. Tañ hi vitakkavidhāvanass’eva paccayo hoti. Tasmā gambhīre darīmukhe vanappaṭicchanne Hatthikucchipabbhāra-Mahindaguhā-sadise senāsane vasitabbaṃ. Ārammaṇam pi’ssa vipulaṃ na vaṭṭati. Tādisañ hi vitakkavasena sandhāvanassa¹⁸ paccayo hoti. Parittaṃ pana vaṭṭati. Sesaṃ rāgacaritassa vuttasadisam evā ti. Idaṃ vitakkacaritassa sappāyaṃ.

Ayaṃ attano cariyânukūlan ti ettha āgatacariyānaṃ pabheda-nidāna-vibhāvana-sappāya-paricchedato vitthāro.

103

Na ca tāva cariyânukūlaṃ kammaṭṭhānaṃ sabbâkārena āvikataṃ. Tañ hi anantarassa mātikāpadassa vitthāre sayam eva āvibhavissati.

Cattālīsakammaṭṭhānavaṇṇanā

CST47

Tasmā yaṃ vuttaṃ cattālīsāya kammaṭṭhānesu aññataraṃ kammaṭṭhānaṃ gahetvā ti ettha

1. saṅkhātaniddesato,
2. upacārappanâvahato,
3. jhānappabhedato,
4. samatikkamato,
5. vaḍḍhanâvaḍḍhanato,
6. ārammaṇato,
7. bhūmito,
8. gahaṇato,
9. paccayato,
10. cariyânukūlato ti

imehi tāva dasah’ākārehi kammaṭṭhānavinicchayo veditabbo.

104

Tattha saṅkhātaniddesato ti cattālīsāya kammaṭṭhānesū ti hi vuttaṃ, tatr’imāni cattālīsa kammaṭṭhānāni: dasa kasiṇā, dasa asubhā, dasa anussatiyo, cattāro brahmavihārā, cattāro āruppā, ekā saññā, ekaṃ vavatthānan ti.

105

Tattha pathavīkasiṇaṃ, āpokasiṇaṃ, tejokasiṇaṃ, vāyokasiṇaṃ, nīlakasiṇaṃ, pītakasiṇaṃ, lohitakasiṇaṃ, odātakasiṇaṃ, ālokakasiṇaṃ, paricchinnâkāsakasiṇan ti ime dasa kasiṇā.

Uddhumātakaṃ, vinīlakaṃ, vipubbakaṃ, vicchiddakaṃ, vikkhāyitakaṃ, vikkhittakaṃ, hatavikkhittakaṃ, lohitakaṃ, puḷuvakaṃ, aṭṭhikan ti ime dasa asubhā.

Buddhânussati, dhammânussati, saṅghânussati, sīlânussati, cāgânussati, devatânussati, maraṇânussati, kāyagatāsati, ānāpānassati, upasamânussatī ti imā dasa anussatiyo.

Mettā, karuṇā, muditā, upekkhā ti ime cattāro brahmavihārā.

Ākāsānañcâyatanaṃ, viññāṇañcâyatanaṃ, ākiñcaññâyatanaṃ, nevasaññanâsaññâyatanan ti ime cattāro āruppā.

Āhāre paṭikūlasaññā ekā saññā. Catudhātuvavatthānaṃ ekaṃ vavatthānan ti. Evaṃ saṅkhātaniddesato vinicchayo veditabbo.

106

Upacārappanâvahato ti ṭhapetvā kāyagatāsatiñ ca ānāpānassatiñ ca avasesā aṭṭha anussatiyo, āhāre paṭikūlasaññā, catudhātuvavatthānan ti imān’eva h’ettha dasakammaṭṭhānāni upacārâvahāni, sesāni appanâvahāni. Evaṃ upacārappanāvahato.

107

Jhānappabhedato ti appanâvahesu c’ettha ānāpānassatiyā saddhiṃ dasa kasiṇā catukkajjhānikā honti. Kāyagatāsatiyā saddhiṃ dasa asubhā paṭhamajjhānikā. Purimā tayo brahmavihārā tikajjhānikā. Catutthabrahmavihāro cattāro ca āruppā catutthajjhānikā ti. Evaṃ jhānappabhedato.

108

Samatikkamato ti dve samatikkamā: aṅgasamatikkamo ca ārammaṇasamatikkamo ca. Tattha sabbesu pi tika-catukka-jjhānikesu kammaṭṭhānesu aṅgasamatikkamo hoti, vitakkavicārâdīni jhānaṅgāni samatikkamitvā tesv ev’ārammaṇesu dutiyajjhānâdīnaṃ pattabbato, tathā catutthabrahmavihāre. So pi hi mettâdīnaṃ yeva ārammaṇe somanassaṃ samatikkamitvā pattabbo ti.

Catūsu pana āruppesu ārammaṇasamatikkamo hoti. Purimesu hi navasu kasiṇesu aññataraṃ samatikkamitvā ākāsānañcâyatanaṃ pattabbaṃ, ākāsâdīni ca samatikkamitvā viññāṇañcâyatanâdīni. Sesesu samatikkamo natthī ti. Evaṃ samatikkamato.

109

Vaḍḍhanâvaḍḍhanato ti imesu cattālīsāya kammaṭṭhānesu dasa kasiṇān’eva vaḍḍhetabbāni. Yattakañ hi okāsaṃ kasiṇena pharati, tadabbhantare dibbāya sotadhātuyā saddaṃ sotuṃ, dibbena cakkhunā rūpāni passituṃ, parasattānañ ca cetasā cittam aññātuṃ samattho hoti.

110

Kāyagatāsati pana asubhāni ca na vaḍḍhetabbāni. Kasmā? Okāsena paricchinnattā ānisaṃsâbhāvā ca. Sā ca nesaṃ okāsena paricchinnatā bhāvanānaye āvibhavissati. Tesu pana vaḍḍhitesu kuṇaparāsi yeva vaḍḍhati, na koci ānisaṃso atthi. Vuttam pi c’etaṃ Sopākapañhābyākaraṇe:

“Vibhūtā Bhagavā rūpasaññā, avibhūtā aṭṭhikasaññā” ti.

Tatra hi nimittavaḍḍhanavasena rūpasaññā vibhūtā ti vuttā, aṭṭhikasaññā avaḍḍhanavasena avibhūtā ti vuttā.

111

Yaṃ pan’etaṃ

“Kevalaṃ aṭṭhisaññāya apharī¹⁹ pathaviṃ iman” ti (theragā. 18)

vuttaṃ, taṃ lābhissa sato upaṭṭhānâkāravasena vuttaṃ. Yath’eva hi Dhammâsokakāle karavīkasakuṇo samantā ādāsabhittīsu attano chāyaṃ disvā sabbadisāsu karavīkasaññī hutvā madhuraṃ giraṃ nicchāresi, evaṃ thero pi aṭṭhikasaññāya lābhittā sabbadisāsu upaṭṭhitaṃ nimittaṃ passanto “kevalā pi pathavī aṭṭhikabharitā” ti cintesī ti.

112

Yadi evaṃ, yā asubhajjhānānaṃ appamāṇârammaṇatā vuttā, sā virujjhatī ti. Sā ca na virujjhati. Ekacco hi uddhumātake vā aṭṭhike vā mahante nimittaṃ gaṇhāti, ekacco appake. Iminā pariyāyena ekaccassa parittârammaṇaṃ jhānaṃ hoti, ekaccassa appamāṇârammaṇan ti. Yo vā etaṃ vaḍḍhane ādīnavaṃ apassanto vaḍḍheti, taṃ sandhāya “appamāṇârammaṇan” ti vuttaṃ. Ānisaṃsâbhāvā pana na vaḍḍhetabbānī ti.

113

Yathā ca etāni, evaṃ sesāni pi na vaḍḍhetabbāni. Kasmā? Tesu hi ānāpānanimittaṃ tāva vaḍḍhayato vātarāsi yeva vaḍḍhati, okāsena ca paricchinnaṃ. Iti sâdīnavattā okāsena ca paricchinnattā na vaḍḍhetabbaṃ.

Brahmavihārā sattârammaṇā, tesaṃ nimittaṃ vaḍḍhayato sattarāsi yeva vaḍḍheyya, na ca tena attho atthi, tasmā tam pi na vaḍḍhetabbaṃ.

114

Yaṃ pana vuttaṃ,

“Mettāsahagatena cetasā ekaṃ disaṃ pharitvā” ti (dī. ni. 1.556)

ādi, taṃ pariggahavasen’eva vuttaṃ. Ekâvāsa-dvi-āvāsâdinā hi anukkamena ekissā disāya satte pariggahetvā bhāvento, ekaṃ disaṃ pharitvā ti vutto, na nimittaṃ vaḍḍhento. Paṭibhāganimittam eva c’ettha natthi, yad ayaṃ vaḍḍheyya. Paritta-appamāṇârammaṇatā p’ettha pariggahavasen’eva veditabbā.

115

Āruppârammaṇesu pi ākāsaṃ kasiṇugghāṭimattā. Tañ hi kasiṇâpagamavasen’eva manasikātabbaṃ. Tato paraṃ vaḍḍhayato pi na kiñci hoti. Viññāṇaṃ sabhāvadhammattā. Na hi sakkā sabhāvadhammaṃ vaḍḍhetuṃ. Viññāṇâpagamo viññāṇassa abhāvamattattā. Nevasaññanâsaññâyatanârammaṇaṃ sabhāvadhammattā yeva na vaḍḍhetabbaṃ.

116

Sesāni animittattā. Paṭibhāganimittañ hi vaḍḍhetabbaṃ nāma bhaveyya. Buddhânussati-ādīnañ ca n’eva paṭibhāganimittaṃ ārammaṇaṃ hoti, tasmā taṃ na vaḍḍhetabban ti. Evaṃ vaḍḍhanâvaḍḍhanato.

117

Ārammaṇato ti imesu ca cattālīsāya kammaṭṭhānesu dasakasiṇā, dasa asubhā, ānāpānassati, kāyagatāsatī ti imāni dvāvīsati paṭibhāganimittârammaṇāni, sesāni na paṭibhāganimittârammaṇāni.

Tathā dasasu anussatīsu ṭhapetvā ānāpānassatiñ ca kāyagatāsatiñ ca avasesā aṭṭha anussatiyo, āhāre paṭikūlasaññā, catudhātuvavatthānaṃ, viññāṇañcâyatanaṃ, nevasaññanâsaññâyatanan ti imāni dvādasa sabhāvadhammârammaṇāni. Dasa kasiṇā, dasa asubhā, ānāpānassati, kāyagatāsatī ti imāni dvāvīsati nimittârammaṇāni. Sesāni cha navattabbârammaṇāni.

Tathā vipubbakaṃ, lohitakaṃ, puḷuvakaṃ, ānāpānassati, āpokasiṇaṃ, tejokasiṇaṃ, vāyokasiṇaṃ, yañ ca ālokakasiṇe sūriyâdīnaṃ obhāsamaṇḍalârammaṇan ti imāni aṭṭha calitârammaṇāni. Tāni ca kho pubbabhāge, paṭibhāgaṃ pana sannisinnam eva hoti. Sesāni na calitârammaṇānī ti. Evaṃ ārammaṇato.

118

Bhūmito ti ettha ca dasa asubhā, kāyagatāsati, āhāre paṭikūlasaññā ti imāni dvādasa devesu nappavattanti. Tāni dvādasa, ānāpānassati cā ti imāni terasa Brahmaloke nappavattanti. Arūpabhave pana ṭhapetvā cattāro āruppe aññaṃ nappavattati. Manussesu sabbāni pi pavattantī ti. Evaṃ bhūmito.

119

Gahaṇato ti diṭṭha-phuṭṭha-suta-ggahaṇato p’ettha vinicchayo veditabbo. Tatra ṭhapetvā vāyokasiṇaṃ sesā nava kasiṇā, dasa asubhā ti imāni ekūnavīsati diṭṭhena gahetabbāni. Pubbabhāge cakkhunā oloketvā nimittaṃ nesaṃ gahetabban ti attho. Kāyagatāsatiyaṃ tacapañcakaṃ diṭṭhena, sesaṃ sutenā ti evaṃ tassā ārammaṇaṃ diṭṭhasutena gahetabbaṃ. Ānāpānassati phuṭṭhena, vāyokasiṇaṃ diṭṭhaphuṭṭhena, sesāni aṭṭhārasa sutena gahetabbāni.

Upekkhābrahmavihāro, cattāro āruppā ti imāni c’ettha na ādikammikena gahetabbāni, sesāni pañcatiṃsa gahetabbānī ti. Evaṃ gahaṇato.

120

Paccayato ti imesu pana kammaṭṭhānesu ṭhapetvā ākāsakasiṇaṃ sesā nava kasiṇā āruppānaṃ paccayā honti, dasa kasiṇā abhiññānaṃ, tayo brahmavihārā catutthabrahmavihārassa, heṭṭhimaṃ heṭṭhimaṃ āruppaṃ uparimassa uparimassa, nevasaññanâsaññâyatanaṃ nirodhasamāpattiyā, sabbāni pi sukhavihāra-vipassanā-bhavasampattīnan ti. Evaṃ paccayato.

121

Cariyânukūlato ti cariyānaṃ anukūlato p’ettha vinicchayo veditabbo. Seyyathidaṃ: rāgacaritassa tāva ettha dasa asubhā, kāyagatāsatī ti ekādasa kammaṭṭhānāni anukūlāni. Dosacaritassa cattāro brahmavihārā, cattāri vaṇṇakasiṇānī ti aṭṭha. Mohacaritassa vitakkacaritassa ca ekaṃ ānāpānassati kammaṭṭhānam eva. Saddhācaritassa purimā cha anussatiyo. Buddhicaritassa maraṇassati, upasamânussati, catudhātuvavatthānaṃ, āhāre paṭikūlasaññā ti cattāri. Sesakasiṇāni, cattāro ca āruppā sabbacaritānaṃ anukūlāni.

Kasiṇesu ca yaṃ kiñci parittaṃ vitakkacaritassa, appamāṇaṃ mohacaritassā ti. Evam ettha cariyânukūlato vinicchayo veditabbo ti.

122

Sabbañ c’etaṃ ujuvipaccanīkavasena ca atisappāyavasena ca vuttaṃ. Rāgâdīnaṃ pana avikkhambhikā saddhâdīnaṃ vā anupakārā kusalabhāvanā nāma natthi. Vuttam pi c’etaṃ Meghiyasutte:

“Cattāro dhammā uttari bhāvetabbā. Asubhā bhāvetabbā rāgassa pahānāya. Mettā bhāvetabbā byāpādassa pahānāya. Ānāpānassati bhāvetabbā vitakkupacchedāya. Aniccasaññā bhāvetabbā asmimāna-samugghātāyā” ti.

Rāhulasutte pi,

“Mettaṃ, Rāhula, bhāvanaṃ bhāvehī” ti (ma. ni. 2.120)

ādinā nayena ekass’eva satta kammaṭṭhānāni vuttāni. Tasmā vacanamatte abhinivesaṃ akatvā sabbattha adhippāyo pariyesitabbo ti. Ayaṃ kammaṭṭhānaṃ gahetvā ti ettha kammaṭṭhāna-kathā-vinicchayo.

CST48

123

Gahetvā ti imassa pana padassa ayam atthadīpanā. Tena yoginā, “kammaṭṭhānadāyakaṃ kalyāṇamittaṃ upasaṅkamitvā” ti (III.57-73) ettha vuttanayen’eva vuttappakāraṃ kalyāṇamittaṃ upasaṅkamitvā,

• Buddhassa vā Bhagavato,
• ācariyassa vā attānaṃ niyyātetvā,
• sampannajjhāsayena sampannâdhimuttinā ca hutvā

kammaṭṭhānaṃ yācitabbaṃ.

124

Tatra “imâhaṃ Bhagavā attabhāvaṃ tumhākaṃ pariccajāmī” ti evaṃ Buddhassa Bhagavato attā niyyātetabbo. Evañ hi aniyyātetvā pantesu senāsanesu viharanto bheravârammaṇe āpātham āgate santhambhituṃ asakkonto gāmantaṃ osaritvā gihīhi saṃsaṭṭho hutvā anesanaṃ āpajjitvā anayabyasanaṃ pāpuṇeyya. Niyyātitattabhāvassa pan’assa bheravârammaṇe āpātham āgate pi bhayaṃ na uppajjati. “Na nu tayā, paṇḍita, purimam eva attā Buddhānaṃ niyyātito” ti paccavekkhato pan’assa somanassam eva uppajjati.

125

Yathā hi purisassa uttamaṃ kāsikavatthaṃ bhaveyya, tassa tasmiṃ mūsikāya vā kīṭehi vā khādite uppajjeyya domanassaṃ. Sace pana taṃ acīvarakassa bhikkhuno dadeyya, ath’assa taṃ tena bhikkhunā khaṇḍākhaṇḍaṃ kariyamānaṃ disvā pi somanassam eva uppajjeyya. Evaṃsampadam idaṃ veditabbaṃ.

126

Ācariyassa niyyātentenâpi “imâhaṃ, bhante, attabhāvaṃ tumhākaṃ pariccajāmī” ti vattabbaṃ. Evaṃ aniyyātitattabhāvo hi atajjanīyo vā hoti dubbaco vā anovādakaro, yenakāmaṃgamo vā ācariyaṃ anāpucchā va yatth’icchati, tattha gantā. Tam enaṃ ācariyo āmisena vā dhammena vā na saṅgaṇhāti, gūḷhaṃ ganthaṃ na sikkhāpeti. So imaṃ duvidhaṃ saṅgahaṃ alabhanto sāsane patiṭṭhaṃ na labhati, na cirass’eva dussīlyaṃ vā gihibhāvaṃ vā pāpuṇāti.

Niyyātitattabhāvo pana n’eva atajjanīyo hoti, na yenakāmaṃgamo, suvaco ācariyâyattavutti yeva hoti. So ācariyato duvidhaṃ saṅgahaṃ labhanto sāsane vuḍḍhiṃ virūḷhiṃ vepullaṃ pāpuṇāti.

127

Cūḷapiṇḍapātika-Tissattherassa antevāsikā viya. Therassa kira santikaṃ tayo bhikkhū āgamaṃsu. Tesu eko “ahaṃ, bhante, tumhākam atthāyā ti vutte sataporise papāte patituṃ ussaheyyan” ti āha. Dutiyo “ahaṃ, bhante, tumhākam atthāyā ti vutte imaṃ attabhāvaṃ paṇhito paṭṭhāya pāsāṇapiṭṭhe ghaṃsento niravasesaṃ khepetuṃ ussaheyyan” ti āha. Tatiyo “ahaṃ, bhante, tumhākam atthāyā ti vutte assāsapassāse uparundhitvā kālakiriyaṃ kātuṃ ussaheyyan” ti āha. Thero “bhabbā vat’ime bhikkhū” ti kammaṭṭhānaṃ kathesi. Te tassa ovāde ṭhatvā tayo pi arahattaṃ pāpuṇiṃsū ti. Ayam ānisaṃso attaniyyātane. Tena vuttaṃ “Buddhassa vā Bhagavato ācariyassa vā attānaṃ niyyātetvā” ti.

CST49

128

Sampannajjhāsayena sampannâdhimuttinā ca hutvā ti ettha pana tena yoginā alobhâdīnaṃ vasena chah’ākārehi sampannajjhāsayena bhavitabbaṃ. Evaṃ sampannajjhāsayo hi tissannaṃ bodhīnaṃ aññataraṃ pāpuṇāti. Yath’āha:

“Cha ajjhāsayā bodhisattānaṃ bodhiparipākāya saṃvattanti. Alobhajjhāsayā ca bodhisattā lobhe dosadassāvino, adosajjhāsayā ca bodhisattā dose dosadassāvino, amohajjhāsayā ca bodhisattā mohe dosadassāvino, nekkhammajjhāsayā ca bodhisattā gharâvāse dosadassāvino, pavivekajjhāsayā ca bodhisattā saṅgaṇikāya dosadassāvino, nissaraṇajjhāsayā ca bodhisattā sabbabhavagatīsu dosadassāvino” ti.

Ye hi keci atītânāgata-paccuppannā sotāpanna-sakadāgāmi-anāgāmi-khīṇāsava-paccekabuddha-sammāsambuddhā, sabbe te imeh’eva chah’ākārehi attanā attanā pattabbaṃ visesaṃ pattā. Tasmā imehi chah’ākārehi sampannajjhāsayena bhavitabbaṃ.

129

Tadadhimuttatāya pana adhimuttisampannena bhavitabbaṃ, samādhâdhimuttena samādhigarukena samādhipabbhārena, nibbānâdhimuttena nibbānagarukena nibbānapabbhārena ca bhavitabban ti attho.

CST50

130

Evaṃ sampannajjhāsayâdhimuttino pan’assa kammaṭṭhānaṃ yācato cetopariyañāṇalābhinā ācariyena cittâcāraṃ oloketvā cariyā jānitabbā. Itarena “kiṃ carito’si? ke vā te dhammā bahulaṃ samudācaranti? kiṃ vā te manasikaroto phāsu hoti? katarasmiṃ vā te kammaṭṭhāne cittaṃ namatī” ti evamādīhi nayehi pucchitvā jānitabbā. Evaṃ ñatvā cariyânukūlaṃ kammaṭṭhānaṃ kathetabbaṃ. Kathentena ca tividhena kathetabbaṃ:

• pakatiyā uggahitakammaṭṭhānassa ekaṃ dve nisajjāni sajjhāyaṃ kāretvā dātabbaṃ,
• santike vasantassa āgatâgatakkhaṇe kathetabbaṃ,
• uggahetvā aññatra gantukāmassa nâtisaṃkhittaṃ nâtivitthārikaṃ katvā kathetabbaṃ.

131

Tattha pathavīkasiṇaṃ tāva kathentena,

1. cattāro kasiṇadosā,
2. kasiṇakaraṇaṃ,
3. katassa bhāvanānayo,
4. duvidhaṃ nimittaṃ,
5. duvidho samādhi,
6. sattavidhaṃ sappāyâsappāyaṃ,
7. dasavidhaṃ appanākosallaṃ,
8. vīriyasamatā,
9. appanāvidhānan ti

ime nava ākārā kathetabbā. Sesakammaṭṭhānesu pi tassa tassa anurūpaṃ kathetabbaṃ. Taṃ sabbaṃ tesaṃ bhāvanāvidhāne āvibhavissati. Evaṃ kathiyamāne pana kammaṭṭhāne tena yoginā nimittaṃ gahetvā sotabbaṃ.

132

Nimittaṃ gahetvā ti idaṃ heṭṭhimapadaṃ, idaṃ uparimapadaṃ, ayam assa attho, ayam adhippāyo, idam opamman ti evaṃ taṃ taṃ ākāraṃ upanibandhitvā ti attho. Evaṃ nimittaṃ gahetvā sakkaccaṃ suṇantena hi kammaṭṭhānaṃ suggahitaṃ hoti. Ath’assa taṃ nissāya visesâdhigamo sampajjati, na itarassā ti. Ayaṃ gahetvā ti imassa padassa atthaparidīpanā.

133

Ettāvatā “kalyāṇamittaṃ upasaṅkamitvā attano cariyânukūlaṃ cattālīsāya kammaṭṭhānesu aññataraṃ kammaṭṭhānaṃ gahetvā” ti imāni padāni sabbâkārena vitthāritāni hontī ti.