说度疑清净品

Kaṅkhāvitaraṇavisuddhiniddeso

Paccayapariggahakathā

CST678

1

Etass’eva pana nāmarūpassa paccayapariggahaṇena tīsu addhāsu kaṅkhaṃ vitaritvā ṭhitaṃ ñāṇaṃ kaṅkhāvitaraṇavisuddhi nāma.

2

Taṃ sampādetukāmo bhikkhu yathā nāma kusalo bhisakko rogaṃ disvā tassa samuṭṭhānaṃ pariyesati, yathā vā pana anukampako puriso daharaṃ kumāraṃ mandaṃ uttānaseyyakaṃ rathikāya nipannaṃ disvā “kassa nu kho ayaṃ puttako” ti tassa mātāpitaro āvajjati, evam eva tassa nāmarūpassa hetupaccaya-pariyesanaṃ āpajjati.

3

So ādito va iti paṭisañcikkhati “na tāv’idaṃ nāmarūpaṃ ahetukaṃ, sabbattha sabbadā sabbesañ ca ekasadisa-bhāvâpattito, na Issarâdi-hetukaṃ, nāmarūpato uddhaṃ Issarâdīnaṃ abhāvato, ye pi nāmarūpamattam eva Issarâdayo ti vadanti, tesaṃ Issarâdi-saṅkhāta-nāmarūpassa ahetuka-bhāvappattito¹, tasmā bhavitabbam assa hetupaccayehi, ke nu kho te” ti?

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4

So evaṃ nāmarūpassa hetupaccaye āvajjetvā imassa tāva rūpakāyassa evaṃ hetupaccaye pariggaṇhāti: “ayaṃ kāyo nibbattamāno n’eva uppala-paduma-puṇḍarīka-sogandhikâdīnaṃ abbhantare nibbattati, na maṇi-muttā-hārâdīnaṃ, atha kho āmâsaya-pakkâsayānaṃ antare udarapaṭalaṃ pacchato piṭṭhikaṇṭakaṃ purato katvā anta-antaguṇa-parivārito sayam pi duggandha-jeguccha-paṭikkūlo duggandha-jeguccha-paṭikkūle parama-sambādhe okāse pūtimaccha-pūtikummāsa-oḷigalla-candanikâdīsu kimi va nibbattati. Tass’evaṃ nibbattamānassa ‘avijjā taṇhā upādānaṃ kamman’ ti ime cattāro dhammā nibbattakattā hetu, āhāro upatthambhakattā paccayo ti pañca dhammā hetu-paccayā honti. Tesu pi avijjâdayo tayo imassa kāyassa mātā viya dārakassa upanissayā honti, kammaṃ pitā viya puttassa janakaṃ, āhāro dhāti viya dārakassa sandhārako” ti.

5

Evaṃ rūpakāyassa paccayapariggahaṃ katvā puna,

“Cakkhuñ ca paṭicca rūpe ca uppajjati cakkhuviññāṇan” ti (saṃ. ni. 2.43)

ādinā nayena nāmakāyassa paccayapariggahaṃ karoti. So evaṃ paccayato nāmarūpassa pavattiṃ disvā, yathā idaṃ etarahi, evaṃ atīte pi addhāne paccayato pavattittha, anāgate pi paccayato pavattissatī ti samanupassati.

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6

Tass’evaṃ samanupassato yā sā pubbantaṃ ārabbha,

“Ahosiṃ nu kho ahaṃ atītam addhānaṃ, na nu kho ahosiṃ atītam addhānaṃ, kiṃ nu kho ahosiṃ atītam addhānaṃ, kathaṃ nu kho ahosiṃ atītam addhānaṃ, kiṃ hutvā kiṃ ahosiṃ nu kho ahaṃ atītam addhānan” ti (ma. ni. 1.18; saṃ. ni. 2.20)

pañcavidhā vicikicchā vuttā, yā pi aparantaṃ ārabbha,

“Bhavissāmi nu kho ahaṃ anāgatam addhānaṃ, na nu kho bhavissāmi anāgatam addhānaṃ, kiṃ nu kho bhavissāmi anāgatam addhānaṃ, kathaṃ nu kho bhavissāmi anāgatam addhānaṃ, kiṃ hutvā kiṃ bhavissāmi nu kho ahaṃ anāgatam addhānan” ti

pañcavidhā vicikicchā vuttā, yā pi paccuppannaṃ ārabbha,

“Etarahi vā pana paccuppannaṃ addhānaṃ ajjhattaṃ kathaṃkathī hoti: ahaṃ nu kho’smi, no nu kho’smi, kiṃ nu kho’smi, kathaṃ nu kho’smi, ayaṃ nu kho satto kuto āgato, so kuhiṃ gāmī bhavissatī” ti (ma. ni. 1.18)

chabbidhā vicikicchā vuttā, sā sabbā pi pahīyati.

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7

Aparo sādhāraṇâsādhāraṇa-vasena duvidhaṃ nāmassa paccayaṃ passati, kammâdi-vasena catubbidhaṃ rūpassa.

8

Duvidho hi nāmassa paccayo: sādhāraṇo asādhāraṇo ca. Tattha cakkhâdīni cha dvārāni, rūpâdīni cha ārammaṇāni nāmassa sādhāraṇo paccayo, kusalâdi-bhedato sabbappakārassâpi tato pavattito. Manasikārâdiko asādhāraṇo, yonisomanasikāra-saddhammassavanâdiko hi kusalass’eva hoti, viparīto akusalassa, kammâdiko vipākassa, bhavaṅgâdiko kiriyassā ti.

9

Rūpassa pana, kammaṃ cittaṃ utu āhāro ti ayaṃ kammâdiko catubbidho paccayo. Tattha kammaṃ atītam eva kammasamuṭṭhānassa rūpassa paccayo hoti, cittaṃ cittasamuṭṭhānassa uppajjamānaṃ, utu-āhārā utu-āhāra-samuṭṭhānassa ṭhitikkhaṇe paccayā hontī ti. Evam ev’eko nāmarūpassa paccayapariggahaṃ karoti.

10

So evaṃ paccayato nāmarūpassa pavattiṃ disvā, yathā idaṃ etarahi, evaṃ atīte pi addhāne paccayato pavattittha, anāgate pi paccayato pavattissatī ti samanupassati. Tass’evaṃ samanupassato vuttanayen’eva tīsu pi addhāsu vicikicchā pahīyati.

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11

Aparo tesaṃ yeva nāmarūpa-saṅkhātānaṃ saṅkhārānaṃ jarāpattiṃ jiṇṇānañ ca bhaṅgaṃ disvā “idaṃ saṅkhārānaṃ jarāmaraṇaṃ nāma jātiyā sati hoti, jāti bhave sati, bhavo upādāne sati, upādānaṃ taṇhāya sati, taṇhā vedanāya sati, vedanā phasse sati, phasso saḷāyatane sati, saḷāyatanaṃ nāmarūpe sati, nāmarūpaṃ viññāṇe sati, viññāṇaṃ saṅkhāresu sati, saṅkhārā avijjāya satī” ti evaṃ paṭiloma-paṭiccasamuppāda-vasena nāmarūpassa paccayapariggahaṃ karoti. Ath’assa vuttanayen’eva vicikicchā pahīyati.

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12

Aparo,

“Iti kho… avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārā” ti (saṃ. ni. 2.2)

pubbe vitthāretvā dassita-anuloma-paṭiccasamuppāda-vasen’eva nāmarūpassa paccayapariggahaṃ karoti. Ath’assa vuttanayen’eva kaṅkhā pahīyati.

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13

Aparo,

“Purima-kammabhavasmiṃ moho avijjā, āyūhanā saṅkhārā, nikanti taṇhā, upagamanaṃ upādānaṃ, cetanā bhavo ti ime pañca dhammā purima-kammabhavasmiṃ idha paṭisandhiyā paccayā.

Idha paṭisandhi viññāṇaṃ, okkanti nāmarūpaṃ, pasādo āyatanaṃ, phuṭṭho phasso, vedayitaṃ vedanā ti ime pañca dhammā idhûpapattibhavasmiṃ pure katassa kammassa paccayā.

Idha paripakkattā āyatanānaṃ moho avijjā…pe… cetanā bhavo ti ime pañca dhammā idha kammabhavasmiṃ āyatiṃ paṭisandhiyā paccayā” ti (paṭi. ma. 1.47)

evaṃ kammavaṭṭa-vipākavaṭṭa-vasena nāmarūpassa paccayapariggahaṃ karoti.

CST685

14

Tattha catubbidhaṃ kammaṃ: diṭṭhadhamma-vedanīyaṃ, upapajja-vedanīyaṃ, aparâpariya-vedanīyaṃ, ahosikamman ti. Tesu ekajavana-vīthiyaṃ sattasu cittesu kusalā vā akusalā vā paṭhama-javana-cetanā diṭṭhidhamma-vedanīya-kammaṃ nāma, taṃ imasmiñ ñeva attabhāve vipākaṃ deti. Tathā asakkontaṃ pana,

“Ahosikammaṃ nâhosi kammavipāko, na bhavissati kammavipāko, natthi kammavipāko” ti (paṭi. ma. 1.234)

imassa tikassa vasena ahosikammaṃ nāma hoti. Atthasādhikā pana sattama-javana-cetanā upapajja-vedanīya-kammaṃ nāma, taṃ anantare attabhāve vipākaṃ deti. Tathā asakkontaṃ vuttanayen’eva ahosikammaṃ nāma hoti. Ubhinnaṃ antare pañca javana-cetanā aparâpariya-vedanīya-kammaṃ nāma, taṃ anāgate yadā okāsaṃ labhati, tadā vipākaṃ deti, sati saṃsārappavattiyā ahosikammaṃ nāma na hoti.

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15

Aparam pi catubbidhaṃ kammaṃ: yaṃ garukaṃ, yaṃ bahulaṃ, yad āsannaṃ, kaṭattā vā pana kamman ti. Tattha kusalaṃ vā hotu akusalaṃ vā, garukâgarukesu yaṃ garukaṃ mātughātâdi-kammaṃ vā mahaggatakammaṃ vā, tad eva paṭhamaṃ vipaccati. Tathā bahulâbahulesu pi yaṃ bahulaṃ hoti susīlyaṃ vā dussīlyaṃ vā, tad eva paṭhamaṃ vipaccati. Yad āsannaṃ nāma maraṇakāle anussaritakammaṃ. Yañ hi āsannamaraṇo anussarituṃ sakkoti, ten’eva upapajjati. Etehi pana tīhi muttaṃ punappunaṃ laddhâsevanaṃ kaṭattā vā pana kammaṃ nāma hoti, tesaṃ abhāve taṃ paṭisandhiṃ ākaḍḍhati.

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16

Aparam pi catubbidhaṃ kammaṃ: janakaṃ, upatthambhakaṃ, upapīḷakaṃ, upaghātakan ti. Tattha janakaṃ nāma kusalam pi hoti akusalam pi, taṃ paṭisandhiyam pi pavatte pi rūpârūpa-vipāka-kkhandhe janeti. Upatthambhakaṃ pana vipākaṃ janetuṃ na sakkoti, aññena kammena dinnāya paṭisandhiyā janite vipāke uppajjamānaka²-sukhadukkhaṃ upatthambheti, addhānaṃ pavatteti. Upapīḷakaṃ aññena kammena dinnāya paṭisandhiyā janite vipāke uppajjamānaka-sukhadukkhaṃ pīḷeti bādhati, addhānaṃ pavattituṃ na deti. Upaghātakaṃ pana sayaṃ kusalam pi akusalam pi samānaṃ aññaṃ dubbalakammaṃ ghātetvā tassa vipākaṃ paṭibāhitvā attano vipākassa okāsaṃ karoti, evaṃ pana kammena kate okāse taṃ vipākaṃ uppannaṃ nāma vuccati.

17

Iti imesaṃ dvādasannaṃ kammānaṃ kammantarañ c’eva vipākantarañ ca Buddhānaṃ kammavipāka-ñāṇass’eva yāthāva-sarasato pākaṭaṃ hoti, asādhāraṇaṃ sāvakehi. Vipassakena pana kammantarañ ca vipākantarañ ca ekadesato jānitabbaṃ. Tasmā ayaṃ mukhamatta-dassanena kammaviseso pakāsito ti.

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Iti imaṃ dvādasavidhaṃ kammaṃ kammavaṭṭe pakkhipitvā evaṃ eko kammavaṭṭa-vipākavaṭṭa-vasena nāmarūpassa paccayapariggahaṃ karoti.

18

So evaṃ kammavaṭṭa-vipākavaṭṭa-vasena paccayato nāmarūpassa pavattiṃ disvā “yathā idaṃ etarahi, evaṃ atīte pi addhāne kammavaṭṭa-vipākavaṭṭa-vasena paccayato pavattittha, anāgate pi kammavaṭṭa-vipākavaṭṭa-vasen’eva paccayato pavattissatī” ti, iti kammañ c’eva kammavipāko ca, kammavaṭṭañ ca vipākavaṭṭañ ca, kammapavattañ ca vipākapavattañ ca, kammasantati ca vipākasantati ca, kiriyā ca kiriyāphalañ ca,

Kammā vipākā vattanti, vipāko kammasambhavo,
kammā punabbhavo hoti, evaṃ loko pavattatī ti.

samanupassati.

19

Tass’evaṃ samanupassato yā sā pubbantâdayo ārabbha “ahosiṃ nu kho ahan” ti ādinā nayena vuttā soḷasavidhā vicikicchā, sā sabbā pahīyati, sabbabhava-yoni-gati-ṭṭhiti-nivāsesu hetu-phala-sambandha-vasena pavattamānaṃ nāmarūpamattam eva khāyati. So n’eva kāraṇato uddhaṃ kārakaṃ passati, na vipākappavattito uddhaṃ vipākapaṭisaṃvedakaṃ. Kāraṇe pana sati kārako ti, vipākappavattiyā sati paṭisaṃvedako ti samaññāmattena paṇḍitā voharant’icc ev’assa sammappaññāya sudiṭṭhaṃ hoti.

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20

Ten’āhu porāṇā:

“Kammassa kārako natthi, vipākassa ca vedako,
suddhadhammā pavattanti, ev’etaṃ sammadassanaṃ.

Evaṃ kamme vipāke ca vattamāne sahetuke,
bīja-rukkhâdikānaṃ va pubbā koṭi na nāyati,
anāgate pi saṃsāre appavattaṃ na dissati.

Etam atthaṃ anaññāya titthiyā asayaṃvasī
sattasaññaṃ gahetvāna sassatucchedadassino,
dvāsaṭṭhidiṭṭhiṃ gaṇhanti aññamañña-virodhitā.

Diṭṭhibandhanabaddhā te taṇhāsotena vuyhare,
taṇhāsotena vuyhantā na te dukkhā pamuccare.

Evam etaṃ abhiññāya bhikkhu Buddhassa sāvako,
gambhīraṃ nipuṇaṃ suññaṃ paccayaṃ paṭivijjhati.

Kammaṃ natthi vipākamhi, pāko kamme na vijjati,
aññamaññaṃ ubho suññā, na ca kammaṃ vinā phalaṃ.

Yathā na sūriye aggi, na maṇimhi na gomaye,
na tesaṃ bahi so atthi, sambhārehi ca jāyati,

Tathā na anto kammassa vipāko upalabbhati,
bahiddhā pi na kammassa na kammaṃ tattha vijjati.

Phalena suññaṃ taṃ kammaṃ, phalaṃ kamme na vijjati,
kammañ ca kho upādāya tato nibbattate phalaṃ.

Na h’ettha devo Brahmā vā saṃsārass’atthi kārako,
suddhadhammā pavattanti hetusambhārapaccayā” ti.

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21

Tass’evaṃ kammavaṭṭa-vipākavaṭṭa-vasena nāmarūpassa paccaya-pariggahaṃ katvā tīsu addhāsu pahīna-vicikicchassa sabbe atītânāgata-paccuppanna-dhammā cuti-paṭisandhi-vasena viditā honti. Sā’ssa hoti ñātapariññā.

22

So evaṃ pajānāti. Ye atīte kammapaccayā nibbattā khandhā, te tatth’eva niruddhā, atītakammapaccayā pana imasmiṃ bhave aññe ³ nibbattā, atītabhavato imaṃ bhavaṃ āgato ekadhammo pi natthi. Imasmim pi bhave kammapaccayena nibbattā khandhā nirujjhissanti, punabbhave aññe nibbattissanti, imamhā bhavā punabbhavaṃ ekadhammo pi na gamissati.

Api ca kho yathā na ācariyamukhato sajjhāyo antevāsikassa mukhaṃ pavisati, na ca tappaccayā tassa mukhe sajjhāyo na vattati, na dūtena mantodakaṃ pītaṃ rogino udaraṃ pavisati, na ca tassa tappaccayā rogo na vūpasammati, na mukhe maṇḍana-vidhānaṃ ādāsatalâdīsu mukhanimittaṃ gacchati, na ca tattha tappaccayā maṇḍana-vidhānaṃ na paññāyati, na ekissā vaṭṭiyā dīpasikhā aññaṃ vaṭṭiṃ saṅkamati, na ca tattha tappaccayā dīpasikhā na nibbattati, evam eva na atītabhavato imaṃ bhavaṃ, ito vā punabbhavaṃ koci dhammo saṅkamati, na ca atītabhave khandhâyatana-dhātu-paccayā idha, idha vā khandhâyatana-dhātu-paccayā punabbhave khandhâyatana-dhātuyo na nibbattantī ti.

23

Yath’eva cakkhuviññāṇaṃ manodhātuanantaraṃ,
na c’eva āgataṃ nâpi na nibbattaṃ anantaraṃ,

Tath’eva paṭisandhimhi vattate cittasantati,
purimaṃ bhijjate cittaṃ, pacchimaṃ jāyate tato.

Tesaṃ antarikā natthi, vīci tesaṃ na vijjati,
na c’ito gacchati kiñci paṭisandhi ca jāyatī ti.

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24

Evaṃ cuti-paṭisandhi-vasena vidita-sabbadhammassa sabbâkārena nāmarūpassa paccayapariggaha-ñāṇaṃ thāmagataṃ hoti, soḷasavidhā kaṅkhā suṭṭhutaraṃ pahīyati. Na kevalañ ca sā eva,

“Satthari kaṅkhatī” ti (dha. sa. 1008)

ādi-naya-ppavattā aṭṭhavidhā pi kaṅkhā pahīyati yeva, dvāsaṭṭhi diṭṭhigatāni vikkhambhanti.

25

Evaṃ nānānayehi nāmarūpa-paccaya-pariggahaṇena tīsu addhāsu kaṅkhaṃ vitaritvā ṭhitaṃ ñāṇaṃ kaṅkhāvitaraṇavisuddhī ti veditabbaṃ. Dhammaṭṭhitiñāṇan ti pi yathābhūtañāṇan ti pi sammādassanan ti pi etass’evâdhivacanaṃ.

26

Vuttañ h’etaṃ:

“Avijjā paccayo, saṅkhārā paccayasamuppannā, ubho p’ete dhammā paccayasamuppannā ti paccayapariggahe paññā dhammaṭṭhitiñāṇan” ti. (paṭi. ma. 1.46)

“Aniccato manasikaronto katame dhamme yathābhūtaṃ jānāti passati, kathaṃ sammādassanaṃ hoti, kathaṃ tadanvayena sabbe saṅkhārā aniccato sudiṭṭhā honti, kattha kaṅkhā pahīyati? Dukkhato…pe… Anattato manasikaronto katame dhamme yathābhūtaṃ jānāti passati…pe… kattha kaṅkhā pahīyatī ti?

Aniccato manasikaronto nimittaṃ yathābhūtaṃ jānāti passati, tena vuccati sammādassanaṃ, evaṃ tadanvayena sabbe saṅkhārā aniccato sudiṭṭhā honti, ettha kaṅkhā pahīyati. Dukkhato manasikaronto pavattaṃ yathābhūtaṃ jānāti passati…pe… Anattato manasikaronto nimittañ ca pavattañ ca yathābhūtaṃ jānāti passati, tena vuccati sammādassanaṃ, evaṃ tadanvayena sabbe dhammā anattato sudiṭṭhā honti, ettha kaṅkhā pahīyati.

Yañ ca yathābhūtañāṇaṃ yañ ca sammādassanaṃ yā ca kaṅkhāvitaraṇā, ime dhammā nānatthā c’eva nānābyañjanā ca, udāhu ekatthā byañjanam eva nānan ti? Yañ ca yathābhūtañāṇaṃ yañ ca sammādassanaṃ yā ca kaṅkhāvitaraṇā, ime dhammā ekatthā, byañjanam eva nānan” ti. (paṭi. ma. 1.227)

27

Iminā pana ñāṇena samannāgato vipassako Buddhasāsane laddhassāso laddhapatiṭṭho niyatagatiko cūḷasotāpanno nāma hoti.

Tasmā bhikkhu sadā sato nāmarūpassa sabbaso
paccaye pariggaṇheyya kaṅkhāvitaraṇatthiko ti.