迅速经义释
Atha Tuvaṭakasuttaniddesaṃ vakkhati—
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Pucchāmi taṃ ādiccabandhu, vivekaṃ santipadañca mahesi;
Kathaṃ disvā nibbāti bhikkhu, anupādiyāno lokasmiṃ kiñci.
Pucchāmi taṃ ādiccabandhū ti. Pucchā ti tisso pucchā— adiṭṭhajotanā pucchā, diṭṭhasaṃsandanā pucchā, vimaticchedanā pucchā. Katamā adiṭṭhajotanā pucchā? Pakatiyā lakkhaṇaṃ aññātaṃ hoti adiṭṭhaṃ atulitaṃ atīritaṃ avibhūtaṃ avibhāvitaṃ, tassa ñāṇāya dassanāya tulanāya tīraṇāya vibhāvanāya pañhaṃ pucchati ayaṃ adiṭṭhajotanā pucchā. Katamā diṭṭhasaṃsandanā pucchā? Pakatiyā lakkhaṇaṃ ñātaṃ hoti diṭṭhaṃ tulitaṃ tīritaṃ vibhūtaṃ vibhāvitaṃ, aññehi paṇḍitehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanatthāya pañhaṃ pucchati ayaṃ diṭṭhasaṃsandanā pucchā. Katamā vimaticchedanā pucchā? Pakatiyā saṃsayapakkhando hoti vimatipakkhando dveḷhakajāto, “evaṃ nu kho, na nu kho, kiṃ nu kho, kathaṃ nu kho” ti so vimaticchedanatthāya pañhaṃ pucchati ayaṃ vimaticchedanā pucchā. Imā tisso pucchā.
Aparāpi tisso pucchā— manussapucchā, amanussapucchā, nimmitapucchā. Katamā manussapucchā? Manussā buddhaṃ Bhagavantaṃ upasaṅkamitvā pañhaṃ pucchanti, bhikkhū pucchanti, bhikkhuniyo pucchanti, upāsakā pucchanti, upāsikāyo pucchanti, rājāno pucchanti, khattiyā pucchanti, brāhmaṇā pucchanti, vessā pucchanti, suddā pucchanti, gahaṭṭhā pucchanti, pabbajitā pucchanti ayaṃ manussapucchā. Katamā amanussapucchā? Amanussā buddhaṃ Bhagavantaṃ upasaṅkamitvā pañhaṃ pucchanti, nāgā pucchanti, supaṇṇā pucchanti, yakkhā pucchanti, asurā pucchanti, gandhabbā pucchanti, mahārājāno pucchanti, indā pucchanti, brahmāno pucchanti, devatāyo pucchanti ayaṃ amanussapucchā. Katamā nimmitapucchā? Yaṃ Bhagavā rūpaṃ abhinimmināti manomayaṃ sabbaṅgapaccaṅgaṃ ahīnindriyaṃ taṃ so nimmito buddhaṃ Bhagavantaṃ upasaṅkamitvā pañhaṃ pucchati, Bhagavā tassa visajjeti ayaṃ nimmitapucchā. Imā tisso pucchā.
Aparāpi tisso pucchā— attatthapucchā, paratthapucchā, ubhayatthapucchā. Aparāpi tisso pucchā— diṭṭhadhammikatthapucchā, samparāyikatthapucchā, paramatthapucchā. Aparāpi tisso pucchā— anavajjatthapucchā, nikkilesatthapucchā, vodānatthapucchā. Aparāpi tisso pucchā— atītapucchā, anāgatapucchā, paccuppannapucchā. Aparāpi tisso pucchā— ajjhattapucchā, bahiddhāpucchā, ajjhattabahiddhāpucchā. Aparāpi tisso pucchā— kusalapucchā, akusalapucchā, abyākatapucchā. Aparāpi tisso pucchā— khandhapucchā, dhātupucchā, āyatanapucchā. Aparāpi tisso pucchā— satipaṭṭhānapucchā, sammappadhānapucchā, iddhipādapucchā. Aparāpi tisso pucchā— indriyapucchā, balapucchā, bojjhaṅgapucchā. Aparāpi tisso pucchā— maggapucchā, phalapucchā, nibbānapucchā.
Pucchāmi tan ti pucchāmi taṃ yācāmi taṃ ajjhesāmi taṃ pasādemi taṃ, “kathayassu me” ti pucchāmi taṃ. Ādiccabandhū ti. Ādicco vuccati sūriyo. Sūriyo Gotamo gottena, Bhagavāpi Gotamo gottena, Bhagavā sūriyassa gottañātako gottabandhu; tasmā buddho ādiccabandhūti pucchāmi taṃ ādiccabandhu.
Vivekaṃ santipadañca mahesī ti. Vivekā ti tayo vivekā— kāyaviveko, cittaviveko, upadhiviveko.
Katamo kāyaviveko? Idha bhikkhu vivittaṃ senāsanaṃ bhajati araññaṃ rukkhamūlaṃ pabbataṃ kandaraṃ giriguhaṃ susānaṃ vanapatthaṃ abbhokāsaṃ palālapuñjaṃ kāyena vivittena viharati. So eko gacchati, eko tiṭṭhati, eko nisīdati, eko seyyaṃ kappeti, eko gāmaṃ piṇḍāya pavisati, eko paṭikkamati, eko raho nisīdati, eko caṅkamaṃ adhiṭṭhāti, eko carati viharati iriyati vattati pāleti yapeti yāpeti ayaṃ kāyaviveko.
Katamo cittaviveko? Paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ samāpannassa nīvaraṇehi cittaṃ vivittaṃ hoti, dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ samāpannassa vitakkavicārehi cittaṃ vivittaṃ hoti, tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ samāpannassa pītiyā cittaṃ vivittaṃ hoti, catutthaṃ jhānaṃ samāpannassa sukhadukkhehi cittaṃ vivittaṃ hoti, ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ samāpannassa rūpasaññāya paṭighasaññāya nānattasaññāya cittaṃ vivittaṃ hoti, viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ samāpannassa ākāsānañcāyatanasaññāya cittaṃ vivittaṃ hoti, ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ samāpannassa viññāṇañcāyatanasaññāya cittaṃ vivittaṃ hoti, nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ samāpannassa ākiñcaññāyatanasaññāya cittaṃ vivittaṃ hoti. Sotāpannassa sakkāyadiṭṭhiyā vicikicchāya sīlabbataparāmāsā diṭṭhānusayā vicikicchānusayā, tadekaṭṭhehi ca kilesehi cittaṃ vivittaṃ hoti. Sakadāgāmissa oḷārikā kāmarāgasaṃyojanā paṭighasaṃyojanā oḷārikā kāmarāgānusayā paṭighānusayā, tadekaṭṭhehi ca kilesehi cittaṃ vivittaṃ hoti. Anāgāmissa anusahagatā kāmarāgasaṃyojanā paṭighasaṃyojanā anusahagatā kāmarāgānusayā paṭighānusayā, tadekaṭṭhehi ca kilesehi cittaṃ vivittaṃ hoti. Arahato rūparāgā arūparāgā mānā uddhaccā avijjāya mānānusayā bhavarāgānusayā avijjānusayā, tadekaṭṭhehi ca kilesehi bahiddhā ca sabbanimittehi cittaṃ vivittaṃ ho ti ayaṃ cittaviveko.
Katamo upadhiviveko? Upadhi vuccanti kilesā ca khandhā ca abhisaṅkhārā ca. Upadhiviveko vuccati amataṃ nibbānaṃ. Yo so sabbasaṅkhārasamatho sabbūpadhipaṭinissaggo taṇhakkhayo virāgo nirodho nibbānaṃ— ayaṃ upadhiviveko. Kāyaviveko ca vivekaṭṭhakāyānaṃ nekkhammābhiratānaṃ, cittaviveko ca parisuddhacittānaṃ paramavodānappattānaṃ, upadhiviveko ca nirupadhīnaṃ puggalānaṃ visaṅkhāragatānaṃ.
Santī ti ekena ākārena santipi santipadampi taṃyeva amataṃ nibbānaṃ, yo so sabbasaṅkhārasamatho sabbūpadhipaṭinissaggo taṇhakkhayo virāgo nirodho nibbānaṃ. Vuttañ h’etaṃ Bhagavatā— “santametaṃ padaṃ, paṇītametaṃ padaṃ, yad idaṃ sabbasaṅkhārasamatho sabbūpadhipaṭinissaggo taṇhakkhayo virāgo nirodho nibbānan” ti. Atha aparena ākārena ye dhammā santādhigamāya santiphusanāya santisacchikiriyāya saṃvattanti, seyyathidaṃ— cattāro satipaṭṭhānā, cattāro sammappadhānā, cattāro iddhipādā, pañcindriyāni, pañca balāni, satta bojjhaṅgā, ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo— ime vuccanti santipadaṃ tāṇapadaṃ leṇapadaṃ saraṇapadaṃ abhayapadaṃ accutapadaṃ amatapadaṃ nibbānapadaṃ.
Mahesī ti kiṃ mahesi Bhagavā. Mahantaṃ sīlakkhandhaṃ esī gavesī pariyesīti mahesi, mahantaṃ samādhikkhandhaṃ …pe… mahantaṃ paññākkhandhaṃ … mahantaṃ vimuttikkhandhaṃ … mahantaṃ vimuttiñāṇadassanakkhandhaṃ esī gavesī pariyesīti mahesi; mahato tamokāyassa padālanaṃ, mahato vipallāsassa bhedanaṃ, mahato taṇhāsallassa abbahanaṃ, mahato diṭṭhisaṅghāṭassa viniveṭhanaṃ, mahato mānadhajassa papātanaṃ, mahato abhisaṅkhārassa vūpasamaṃ, mahato oghassa nittharaṇaṃ, mahato bhārassa nikkhepanaṃ, mahato saṃsāravaṭṭassa upacchedaṃ, mahato santāpassa nibbāpanaṃ, mahato pariḷāhassa paṭipassaddhiṃ, mahato dhammadhajassa ussāpanaṃ esī gavesī pariyesīti mahesi, mahante satipaṭṭhāne mahante sammappadhāne mahante iddhipāde mahantāni indriyāni mahantāni balāni mahante bojjhaṅge mahantaṃ ariyaṃ aṭṭhaṅgikaṃ maggaṃ mahantaṃ paramatthaṃ amataṃ nibbānaṃ esī gavesī pariyesīti mahesi; mahesakkhehi vā sattehi esito gavesito pariyesito kahaṃ buddho kahaṃ Bhagavā kahaṃ devadevo kahaṃ narāsabhoti mahesīti vivekaṃ santipadañca mahesi.
Kathaṃ disvā nibbāti bhikkhū ti. Kathaṃ disvā passitvā tulayitvā tīrayitvā vibhāvayitvā vibhūtaṃ katvā attano rāgaṃ nibbāpeti, dosaṃ nibbāpeti, mohaṃ nibbāpeti, kodhaṃ … upanāhaṃ … makkhaṃ … paḷāsaṃ … issaṃ … macchariyaṃ … māyaṃ … sāṭheyyaṃ … thambhaṃ … sārambhaṃ … mānaṃ … atimānaṃ … madaṃ … pamādaṃ … sabbe kilese … sabbe duccarite … sabbe darathe … sabbe pariḷāhe … sabbe santāpe … sabbākusalābhisaṅkhāre nibbāpeti sameti upasameti vūpasameti paṭipassambheti. Bhikkhū ti puthujjanakalyāṇako vā bhikkhu sekho vā bhikkhūti kathaṃ disvā nibbāti bhikkhu.
Anupādiyāno lokasmiṃ kiñcī ti. Catūhi upādānehi anupādiyamāno agaṇhayamāno aparāmasamāno anabhinivisamāno. Lokasmin ti apāyaloke manussaloke devaloke, khandhaloke dhātuloke āyatanaloke. Kiñcī ti kiñci rūpagataṃ vedanāgataṃ saññāgataṃ saṅkhāragataṃ viññāṇagatanti anupādiyāno lokasmiṃ kiñci.
Tenāha so nimmito—
“Pucchāmi taṃ ādiccabandhu, vivekaṃ santipadañca mahesi;
Kathaṃ disvā nibbāti bhikkhu, anupādiyāno lokasmiṃ kiñcī” ti
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Mūlaṃ papañcasaṅkhāya, (iti Bhagavā) mantā asmīti sabbamuparundhe;
Yā kāci taṇhā ajjhattaṃ, tāsaṃ vinayā sadā sato sikkhe.
Mūlaṃ papañcasaṅkhāya, (iti Bhagavā) mantā asmīti sabbamuparundhe ti. Papañcāyeva papañcasaṅkhā. Taṇhāpapañcasaṅkhā diṭṭhipapañcasaṅkhā. Katamaṃ taṇhāpapañcassa mūlaṃ? Avijjāmūlaṃ, ayonisomanasikāro mūlaṃ, asmimāno mūlaṃ, ahirikaṃ mūlaṃ, anottappaṃ mūlaṃ, uddhaccaṃ mūlaṃ— idaṃ taṇhāpapañcassa mūlaṃ. Katamaṃ diṭṭhipapañcassa mūlaṃ? Avijjāmūlaṃ, ayonisomanasikāro mūlaṃ, asmimāno mūlaṃ, ahirikaṃ mūlaṃ, anottappaṃ mūlaṃ, uddhaccaṃ mūlaṃ— idaṃ diṭṭhipapañcassa mūlaṃ.
Bhagavā ti gāravādhivacanaṃ. Api ca bhaggarāgoti Bhagavā, bhaggadosoti Bhagavā, bhaggamohoti Bhagavā, bhaggamānoti Bhagavā, bhaggadiṭṭhīti Bhagavā, bhaggakaṇḍakoti Bhagavā, bhaggakilesoti Bhagavā, bhaji vibhaji pavibhaji dhammaratananti Bhagavā, bhavānaṃ antakaroti Bhagavā, bhāvitakāyo bhāvitasīlo bhāvitacitto bhāvitapaññoti Bhagavā; bhaji vā Bhagavā araññavanapatthāni pantāni senāsanāni appasaddāni appanigghosāni vijanavātāni manussarāhasseyyakāni paṭisallānasāruppānīti Bhagavā, bhāgī vā Bhagavā cīvarapiṇḍapātasenāsanagilānapaccayabhesajjaparikkhārānanti Bhagavā, bhāgī vā Bhagavā attharasassa dhammarasassa vimuttirasassa adhisīlassa adhicittassa adhipaññāyāti Bhagavā, bhāgī vā Bhagavā catunnaṃ jhānānaṃ catunnaṃ appamaññānaṃ catunnaṃ arūpasamāpattīnanti Bhagavā, bhāgī vā Bhagavā aṭṭhannaṃ vimokkhānaṃ aṭṭhannaṃ abhibhāyatanānaṃ navannaṃ anupubbavihārasamāpattīnanti Bhagavā, bhāgī vā Bhagavā dasannaṃ saññābhāvanānaṃ dasannaṃ kasiṇasamāpattīnaṃ ānāpānassatisamādhissa asubhasamāpattiyāti Bhagavā, bhāgī vā Bhagavā catunnaṃ satipaṭṭhānānaṃ catunnaṃ sammappadhānānaṃ catunnaṃ iddhipādānaṃ pañcannaṃ indriyānaṃ pañcannaṃ balānaṃ sattannaṃ bojjhaṅgānaṃ ariyassa aṭṭhaṅgikassa maggassāti Bhagavā, bhāgī vā Bhagavā dasannaṃ Tathāgatabalānaṃ catunnaṃ vesārajjānaṃ catunnaṃ paṭisambhidānaṃ channaṃ abhiññānaṃ channaṃ buddhadhammānanti Bhagavā, Bhagavā ti netaṃ nāmaṃ mātarā kataṃ na pitarā kataṃ na bhātarā kataṃ na bhaginiyā kataṃ na mittāmaccehi kataṃ na ñātisālohitehi kataṃ na samaṇabrāhmaṇehi kataṃ na devatāhi kataṃ; vimokkhantikametaṃ buddhānaṃ Bhagavantānaṃ bodhiyā mūle saha sabbaññutañāṇassa paṭilābhā sacchikā paññatti yad idaṃ Bhagavā ti mūlaṃ papañcasaṅkhāya iti Bhagavā.
Mantā asmīti sabbamuparundhe ti. Mantā vuccati paññā. Yā paññā pajānanā …pe… amoho dhammavicayo sammādiṭṭhi. Asmī ti rūpe asmīti māno asmīti chando asmīti anusayo; vedanāya … saññāya … saṅkhāresu … viññāṇe asmīti māno asmīti chando asmīti anusayoti. Mūlaṃ papañcasaṅkhāya iti Bhagavā. Mantā asmīti sabbamuparundhe ti. Papañcasaṅkhāya mūlañca asmimānañca mantāya sabbaṃ rundheyya uparundheyya nirodheyya vūpasameyya atthaṅgameyya paṭipassambheyyā ti mūlaṃ papañcasaṅkhāya iti Bhagavā, mantā asmīti sabbamuparundhe.
Yā kāci taṇhā ajjhattan ti. Yā kācī ti sabbena sabbaṃ sabbathā sabbaṃ asesaṃ nissesaṃ pariyādiyanavacanametaṃ— yā kācīti. Taṇhā ti rūpataṇhā …pe… dhammataṇhā. Ajjhattan ti ajjhattasamuṭṭhānā vā sā taṇhāti ajjhattaṃ. Atha vā ajjhattikaṃ vuccati cittaṃ. Yaṃ cittaṃ mano mānasaṃ hadayaṃ paṇḍaraṃ mano manāyatanaṃ manindriyaṃ viññāṇaṃ viññāṇakkhandho tajjā manoviññāṇadhātu. Cittena sā taṇhā sahagatā sahajātā saṃsaṭṭhā sampayuttā ekuppādā ekanirodhā ekavatthukā ekārammaṇātipi ajjhattanti yā kāci taṇhā ajjhattaṃ.
Tāsaṃ vinayā sadā sato sikkhe ti. Sadā ti sadā sabbadā sabbakālaṃ niccakālaṃ dhuvakālaṃ, satataṃ samitaṃ abbokiṇṇaṃ poṅkhānupoṅkhaṃ udakūmigajātaṃ avīcisantatisahitaṃ phusitaṃ, purebhattaṃ pacchābhattaṃ, purimaṃ yāmaṃ majjhimaṃ yāmaṃ pacchimaṃ yāmaṃ, kāḷe juṇhe, vasse hemante gimhe, purime vayokhandhe majjhime vayokhandhe pacchime vayokhandhe. Sato ti catūhi kāraṇehi sato— kāye kāyānupassanāsatipaṭṭhānaṃ bhāvento sato, vedanāsu …pe… citte …pe… dhammesu dhammānupassanāsatipaṭṭhānaṃ bhāvento sato. Aparehipi catūhi kāraṇehi sato— asati parivajjanāya sato, satikaraṇīyānaṃ dhammānaṃ katattā sato, satipaṭipakkhānaṃ dhammānaṃ hatattā sato, satinimittānaṃ asammuṭṭhattā sato. Aparehipi catūhi kāraṇehi sato— satiyā samannāgatattā sato, satiyā vasitattā sato, satiyā pāguññatāya sato, satiyā apaccorohaṇatāya sato. Aparehipi catūhi kāraṇehi sato— sattattā sato, santattā sato, samitattā sato, santadhammasamannāgatattā sato. Buddhānussatiyā sato, dhammānussatiyā sato, saṅghānussatiyā sato, sīlānussatiyā sato, cāgānussatiyā sato, devatānussatiyā sato, ānāpānassatiyā sato, maraṇassatiyā sato, kāyagatāsatiyā sato, upasamānussatiyā sato. Yā sati anussati paṭissati, sati saraṇatā dhāraṇatā apilāpanatā asammussanatā, sati satindriyaṃ satibalaṃ sammāsati satisambojjhaṅgo ekāyanamaggo— ayaṃ vuccati sati. Imāya satiyā upeto samupeto, upagato samupagato, upapanno samupapanno, samannāgato so vuccati sato.
Sikkhe ti tisso sikkhā— adhisīlasikkhā, adhicittasikkhā, adhipaññāsikkhā. Katamā adhisīlasikkhā? Idha bhikkhu sīlavā hoti, pātimokkhasaṃvarasaṃvuto viharati ācāragocarasampanno, aṇumattesu vajjesu bhayadassāvī, samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu, khuddako sīlakkhandho … mahanto sīlakkhandho, sīlaṃ patiṭṭhā ādi caraṇaṃ saṃyamo saṃvaro mukhaṃ pamukhaṃ kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ samāpattiyā— ayaṃ adhisīlasikkhā.
Katamā adhicittasikkhā? Idha bhikkhu vivicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaṃ savicāraṃ vivekajaṃ pītisukhaṃ paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā ajjhattaṃ sampasādanaṃ cetaso ekodibhāvaṃ avitakkaṃ avicāraṃ samādhijaṃ pītisukhaṃ dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Pītiyā ca virāgā upekkhako ca viharati sato ca sampajāno sukhañca kāyena paṭisaṃvedeti, yaṃ taṃ ariyā ācikkhanti “upekkhako satimā sukhavihārī” ti tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Sukhassa ca pahānā dukkhassa ca pahānā pubbeva somanassadomanassānaṃ atthaṅgamā adukkhamasukhaṃ upekkhāsatipārisuddhiṃ catutthaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati ayaṃ adhicittasikkhā.
Katamā adhipaññāsikkhā? Idha bhikkhu paññavā hoti, udayatthagāminiyā paññāya samannāgato ariyāya nibbedhikāya sammādukkhakkhayagāminiyā. So “idaṃ dukkhan” ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, “ayaṃ dukkhasamudayo” ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, “ayaṃ dukkhanirodho” ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, “ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā” ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, “ime āsavā” ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, “ayaṃ āsavasamudayo” ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, “ayaṃ āsavanirodho” ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, “ayaṃ āsavanirodhagāminī paṭipadā” ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti ayaṃ adhipaññāsikkhā.
Tāsaṃ vinayā sadā sato sikkhe ti. Tāsaṃ taṇhānaṃ vinayāya paṭivinayāya pahānāya vūpasamāya paṭinissaggāya paṭipassaddhiyā adhisīlampi sikkheyya, adhicittam pi sikkheyya, adhipaññam pi sikkheyya; imā tisso sikkhāyo āvajjanto sikkheyya, pajānanto sikkheyya, passanto sikkheyya, paccavekkhanto sikkheyya, cittaṃ adhiṭṭhahanto sikkheyya, saddhāya adhimuccanto sikkheyya, vīriyaṃ paggaṇhanto sikkheyya, satiṃ upaṭṭhapento sikkheyya, cittaṃ samādahanto sikkheyya, paññāya pajānanto sikkheyya, abhiññeyyaṃ abhijānanto sikkheyya, pariññeyyaṃ parijānanto sikkheyya, pahātabbaṃ pajahanto sikkheyya, bhāvetabbaṃ bhāvento sikkheyya, sacchikātabbaṃ sacchikaronto sikkheyya ācareyya samācareyya samādāya vatteyyā ti tāsaṃ vinayā sadā sato sikkhe.
Tenāha Bhagavā—
“Mūlaṃ papañcasaṅkhāya, (iti Bhagavā) mantā asmīti sabbamuparundhe;
Yā kāci taṇhā ajjhattaṃ, tāsaṃ vinayā sadā sato sikkhe” ti
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Yaṃ kiñci dhammamabhijaññā, ajjhattaṃ atha vāpi bahiddhā;
Na tena thāmaṃ kubbetha, na hi sā nibbuti sataṃ vuttā.
Yaṃ kiñci dhammamabhijaññā ajjhattan ti. Yaṃ kiñci attano guṇaṃ jāneyya kusale vā dhamme abyākate vā dhamme. Katame attano guṇā? Uccā kulā pabbajito vā assaṃ, mahābhogakulā pabbajito vā assaṃ, uḷārabhogakulā pabbajito vā assaṃ, ñāto yasassī sagahaṭṭhapabbajitānanti vā assaṃ, lābhimhi cīvarapiṇḍapātasenāsanagilānapaccayabhesajjaparikkhārānanti vā assaṃ, suttantiko vā assaṃ, vinayadharo vā assaṃ, dhammakathiko vā assaṃ, āraññiko vā assaṃ, piṇḍapātiko vā assaṃ, paṃsukūliko vā assaṃ, tecīvariko vā assaṃ, sapadānacāriko vā assaṃ, khalupacchābhattiko vā assaṃ, nesajjiko vā assaṃ, yathāsanthatiko vā assaṃ, paṭhamassa jhānassa lābhīti vā assaṃ, dutiyassa jhānassa lābhīti vā assaṃ, tatiyassa jhānassa lābhīti vā assaṃ, catutthassa jhānassa lābhīti vā assaṃ, ākāsānañcāyatanasamāpattiyā lābhīti vā assaṃ, viññāṇañcāyatanasamāpattiyā … ākiñcaññāyatanasamāpattiyā … nevasaññānāsaññāyatanasamāpattiyā lābhīti vā assaṃ— ime vuccanti attano guṇā. Yaṃ kiñci attano guṇaṃ jāneyya ājāneyya vijāneyya paṭivijāneyya paṭivijjheyyā ti yaṃ kiñci dhammamabhijaññā ajjhattaṃ. Atha vāpi bahiddhā ti. Upajjhāyassa vā ācariyassa vā te guṇā assūti atha vāpi bahiddhā.
Na tena thāmaṃ kubbethā ti. Attano vā guṇena paresaṃ vā guṇena thāmaṃ na kareyya, thambhaṃ na kareyya, mānaṃ na kareyya, unnatiṃ na kareyya, unnamaṃ na kareyya, na tena mānaṃ janeyya, na tena thaddho assa patthaddho paggahitasiro ti na tena thāmaṃ kubbetha.
Na hi sā nibbuti sataṃ vuttā ti. Satānaṃ santānaṃ sappurisānaṃ buddhānaṃ buddhasāvakānaṃ paccekabuddhānaṃ sā nibbutīti na vuttā na pavuttā na ācikkhitā na desitā na paññapitā na paṭṭhapitā na vivaṭā na vibhattā na uttānīkatā nappakāsitāti na hi sā nibbuti sataṃ vuttā.
Tenāha Bhagavā—
“Yaṃ kiñci dhammamabhijaññā, ajjhattaṃ atha vāpi bahiddhā;
Na tena thāmaṃ kubbetha, na hi sā nibbuti sataṃ vuttā” ti
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Seyyo na tena maññeyya, nīceyyo atha vāpi sarikkho;
Phuṭṭho anekarūpehi, nātumānaṃ vikappayaṃ tiṭṭhe.
Seyyo na tena maññeyyā ti. “Seyyo’ham asmī” ti atimānaṃ na janeyya jātiyā vā gottena vā kolaputtiyena vā vaṇṇapokkharatāya vā dhanena vā ajjhenena vā kammāyatanena vā sippāyatanena vā vijjāṭṭhānena vā sutena vā paṭibhānena vā aññataraññatarena vā vatthunāti seyyo na tena maññeyya.
Nīceyyo atha vāpi sarikkho ti. “hīno’ham asmī” ti omānaṃ na janeyya jātiyā vā gottena vā …pe… aññataraññatarena vā vatthunā. “sadiso’ham asmī” ti mānaṃ na janeyya jātiyā vā gottena vā kolaputtiyena vā vaṇṇapokkharatāya vā dhanena vā ajjhenena vā kammāyatanena vā sippāyatanena vā vijjāṭṭhānena vā sutena vā paṭibhānena vā aññataraññatarena vā vatthunāti nīceyyo atha vāpi sarikkho.
Phuṭṭho anekarūpehī ti. Anekavidhehi ākārehi phuṭṭho pareto samohito samannāgato ti phuṭṭho anekarūpehi.
Nātumānaṃ vikappayaṃ tiṭṭhe ti. Ātumā vuccati attā. Attānaṃ kappento vikappento vikappaṃ āpajjanto na tiṭṭheyyā ti nātumānaṃ vikappayaṃ tiṭṭhe.
Tenāha Bhagavā—
“Seyyo na tena maññeyya, nīceyyo atha vāpi sarikkho;
Phuṭṭho anekarūpehi, nātumānaṃ vikappayaṃ tiṭṭhe” ti
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Ajjhattamevupasame, na aññato bhikkhu santimeseyya;
Ajjhattaṃ upasantassa, natthi attā kuto nirattā vā.
Ajjhattamevupasame ti. Ajjhattaṃ rāgaṃ sameyya, dosaṃ sameyya, mohaṃ sameyya, kodhaṃ … upanāhaṃ … makkhaṃ … paḷāsaṃ … issaṃ … macchariyaṃ … māyaṃ … sāṭheyyaṃ … thambhaṃ … sārambhaṃ … mānaṃ … atimānaṃ … madaṃ … pamādaṃ … sabbe kilese … sabbe duccarite … sabbe darathe … sabbe pariḷāhe … sabbe santāpe … sabbākusalābhisaṅkhāre sameyya upasameyya vūpasameyya nibbāpeyya paṭipassambheyyā ti ajjhattamevupasame.
Na aññato bhikkhu santimeseyyā ti. Aññato asuddhimaggena, micchāpaṭipadāya, aniyyānapatena, aññatra satipaṭṭhānehi, aññatra sammappadhānehi, aññatra iddhipādehi, aññatra indriyehi, aññatra balehi, aññatra bojjhaṅgehi, aññatra ariyā aṭṭhaṅgikā maggā santiṃ upasantiṃ vūpasantiṃ nibbutiṃ paṭipassaddhiṃ na eseyya na gaveseyya na pariyeseyyā ti na aññato bhikkhu santimeseyya.
Ajjhattaṃ upasantassā ti. Ajjhattaṃ rāgaṃ santassa, dosaṃ santassa, mohaṃ santassa …pe… sabbākusalābhisaṅkhāre santassa upasantassa vūpasantassa nibbutassa paṭipassaddhiyāti ajjhattaṃ upasantassa.
Natthi attā kuto nirattā vā ti. Natthī ti paṭikkhepo. Attā ti attadiṭṭhi natthi; nirattā ti ucchedadiṭṭhi natthi. Attā ti gahitaṃ natthi; nirattā ti muñcitabbaṃ natthi. Yassatthi gahitaṃ, tassatthi muñcitabbaṃ. Yassatthi muñcitabbaṃ, tassa gahitaṃ gāhaṃ muñcanaṃ samatikkanto arahā vuddhipārihānivītivatto. So vuṭṭhavāso ciṇṇacaraṇo …pe… jātimaraṇasaṃsāro, natthi tassa punabbhavo ti natthi attā kuto nirattā vā.
Tenāha Bhagavā—
“Ajjhattamevupasame, na aññato bhikkhu santimeseyya;
Ajjhattaṃ upasantassa, natthi attā kuto nirattā vā” ti
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Majjhe yathā samuddassa, ūmi no jāyatī ṭhito hoti;
Evaṃ ṭhito anejassa, ussadaṃ bhikkhu na kareyya kuhiñci.
Majjhe yathā samuddassa, ūmi no jāyatī ṭhito hotī ti. Samuddo caturāsītiyojanasahassāni ubbedhena gambhīro. Heṭṭhā cattārīsayojanasahassāni udakaṃ macchakacchapehi kampati. Upari cattārīsayojanasahassāni udakaṃ vātehi kampati. Majjhe cattārīsayojanasahassāni udakaṃ na kampati na vikampati na calati na vedhati nappavedhati na sampavedhati. Anerito aghaṭṭito acalito aluḷito abhanto vūpasanto tatra ūmi no jāyati, ṭhito hoti samuddoti. Evam pi majjhe yathā samuddassa ūmi no jāyatī ṭhito hoti.
Atha vā sattannaṃ pabbatānaṃ antarikāsu sattasīdantarā mahāsamuddā. Tatra udakaṃ na kampati na vikampati na calati na vedhati nappavedhati na sampavedhati. Anerito aghaṭṭito acalito aluḷito abhanto vūpasanto tatra ūmi no jāyati, ṭhito hoti samuddoti. Evam pi majjhe yathā samuddassa ūmi no jāyatī ṭhito hoti.
Evaṃ ṭhito anejassā ti. Evan ti opammasampaṭipādanaṃ. Ṭhito ti lābhepi na kampati, alābhepi na kampati, yasepi na kampati, ayasepi na kampati, pasaṃsāyapi na kampati, nindāyapi na kampati, sukhepi na kampati, dukkhepi na kampati na vikampati na calati na vedhati nappavedhati na sampavedhatī ti evaṃ ṭhito. Anejassā ti ejā vuccati taṇhā. Yo rāgo sārāgo …pe… abhijjhā lobho akusalamūlaṃ. Yassesā ejā taṇhā pahīnā ucchinnā samucchinnā vūpasantā paṭipassaddhā abhabbuppattikā ñāṇagginā daḍḍhā, so vuccati anejo. Ejāya pahīnattā anejo; so lābhepi na iñjati, alābhepi na iñjati, yasepi na iñjati, ayasepi na iñjati, pasaṃsāyapi na iñjati, nindāyapi na iñjati, sukhepi na iñjati, dukkhepi na iñjati, na calati na vedhati nappavedhati na sampavedhatī ti evaṃ ṭhito anejassa.
Ussadaṃ bhikkhu na kareyya kuhiñcī ti. Ussadā ti sattussadā— rāgussadaṃ, dosussadaṃ, mohussadaṃ, mānussadaṃ, diṭṭhussadaṃ, kilesussadaṃ, kammussadaṃ na kareyya na janeyya na sañjaneyya na nibbatteyya nābhinibbatteyya. Kuhiñcī ti kuhiñci kismiñci katthaci ajjhattaṃ vā bahiddhā vā ajjhattabahiddhā vāti ussadaṃ bhikkhu na kareyya kuhiñci.
Tenāha Bhagavā—
“Majjhe yathā samuddassa, ūmi no jāyatī ṭhito hoti;
Evaṃ ṭhito anejassa, ussadaṃ bhikkhu na kareyya kuhiñcī” ti
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Akittayī vivaṭacakkhu, sakkhidhammaṃ parissayavinayaṃ;
Paṭipadaṃ vadehi bhaddante, pātimokkhaṃ atha vāpi samādhiṃ.
Akittayī vivaṭacakkhū ti. Akittayī ti akittayi parikittayi ācikkhi desesi paññapesi paṭṭhapesi vivari vibhaji uttānimakāsi pakāsesī ti akittayi. Vivaṭacakkhū ti Bhagavā pañcahi cakkhūhi vivaṭacakkhu— maṃsacakkhunā pi vivaṭacakkhu, dibbena cakkhunā pi vivaṭacakkhu, paññācakkhunā pi vivaṭacakkhu, buddhacakkhunā pi vivaṭacakkhu, samantacakkhunā pi vivaṭacakkhu.
Kathaṃ Bhagavā maṃsacakkhunā pi vivaṭacakkhu? Maṃsacakkhumhipi Bhagavato pañca vaṇṇā saṃvijjanti nīlo ca vaṇṇo, pītako ca vaṇṇo, lohitako ca vaṇṇo, kaṇho ca vaṇṇo, odāto ca vaṇṇo. Akkhilomāni ca Bhagavato yattha ca akkhilomāni patiṭṭhitāni taṃ nīlaṃ hoti sunīlaṃ pāsādikaṃ dassaneyyaṃ umāpupphasamānaṃ. Tassa parato pītakaṃ hoti supītakaṃ suvaṇṇavaṇṇaṃ pāsādikaṃ dassaneyyaṃ kaṇikārapupphasamānaṃ. Ubhato ca akkhikūṭāni Bhagavato lohitakāni honti sulohitakāni pāsādikāni dassaneyyāni indagopakasamānāni. Majjhe kaṇhaṃ hoti sukaṇhaṃ alūkhaṃ siniddhaṃ pāsādikaṃ dassaneyyaṃ addāriṭṭhakasamānaṃ. Tassa parato odātaṃ hoti suodātaṃ setaṃ paṇḍaraṃ pāsādikaṃ dassaneyyaṃ osadhitārakasamānaṃ. Tena Bhagavā pākatikena maṃsacakkhunā attabhāvapariyāpannena purimasucaritakammābhinibbattena samantā yojanaṃ passati divā ceva rattiñca. Yadā hipi caturaṅgasamannāgato andhakāro hoti. Sūriyo vā atthaṅgato hoti. Kāḷapakkho ca uposatho hoti. Tibbo ca vanasaṇḍo hoti. Mahā ca kāḷamegho abbhuṭṭhito hoti. Evarūpepi caturaṅgasamannāgate andhakāre samantā yojanaṃ passati. Natthi so kuṭṭo vā kavāṭaṃ vā pākāro vā pabbato vā gaccho vā latā vā āvaraṇaṃ rūpānaṃ dassanāya. Ekañce tilaphalaṃ nimittaṃ katvā tilavāhe pakkhipeyya. Taññeva tilaphalaṃ uddhareyya. Evaṃ parisuddhaṃ Bhagavato pākatikaṃ maṃsacakkhu. Evaṃ Bhagavā maṃsacakkhunā pi vivaṭacakkhu.
Kathaṃ Bhagavā dibbena cakkhunā pi vivaṭacakkhu? Bhagavā dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena satte passati cavamāne upapajjamāne hīne paṇīte suvaṇṇe dubbaṇṇe sugate duggate. Yathākammūpage satte pajānāti “ime vata bhonto sattā kāyaduccaritena samannāgatā vacīduccaritena samannāgatā manoduccaritena samannāgatā ariyānaṃ upavādakā micchādiṭṭhikā micchādiṭṭhikammasamādānā, te kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapannā. Ime vā pana bhonto sattā kāyasucaritena samannāgatā vacīsucaritena samannāgatā manosucaritena samannāgatā ariyānaṃ anupavādakā sammādiṭṭhikā sammādiṭṭhikammasamādānā, te kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapannā” ti. Iti dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena satte passati cavamāne upapajjamāne hīne paṇīte suvaṇṇe dubbaṇṇe sugate duggate; yathākammūpage satte pajānāti. Ākaṅkhamāno ca Bhagavā ekampi lokadhātuṃ passeyya, dvepi lokadhātuyo passeyya, tisso pi lokadhātuyo passeyya, catasso pi lokadhātuyo passeyya, pañcapi lokadhātuyo passeyya, dasapi lokadhātuyo passeyya, vīsam pi lokadhātuyo passeyya, tiṃsam pi lokadhātuyo passeyya, cattālīsam pi lokadhātuyo passeyya, paññāsam pi lokadhātuyo passeyya, satam pi lokadhātuyo passeyya, sahassim pi cūḷanikaṃ lokadhātuṃ passeyya, dvisahassim pi majjhimikaṃ lokadhātuṃ passeyya, tisahassim pi lokadhātuṃ passeyya, mahāsahassim pi lokadhātuṃ passeyya. Yāvatakaṃ vā pana ākaṅkheyya tāvatakaṃ passeyya. Evaṃ parisuddhaṃ Bhagavato dibbacakkhu. Evaṃ Bhagavā dibbena cakkhunā pi vivaṭacakkhu.
Kathaṃ Bhagavā paññācakkhunā pi vivaṭacakkhu? Bhagavā mahāpañño puthupañño hāsapañño javanapañño tikkhapañño nibbedhikapañño paññāpabhedakusalo pabhinnañāṇo adhigatapaṭisambhido catuvesārajjappatto dasabaladhārī purisāsabho purisasīho purisanāgo purisājañño purisadhorayho anantañāṇo anantatejo anantayaso aḍḍho mahaddhano dhanavā netā vinetā anunetā paññāpetā anijjhāpetā pekkhetā pasādetā. So hi Bhagavā anuppannassa maggassa uppādetā, asañjātassa maggassa sañjanetā, anakkhātassa maggassa akkhātā, maggaññū maggavidū maggakovido maggānugā ca pana etarahi sāvakā viharanti pacchā samannāgatā.
So hi Bhagavā jānaṃ jānāti passaṃ passati, cakkhubhūto ñāṇabhūto dhammabhūto brahmabhūto vattā pavattā atthassa ninnetā amatassa dātā dhammassāmī Tathāgato. Natthi tassa Bhagavato aññātaṃ adiṭṭhaṃ aviditaṃ asacchikataṃ aphassitaṃ paññāya. Atītaṃ anāgataṃ paccuppannaṃ upādāya sabbe dhammā sabbākārena buddhassa Bhagavato ñāṇamukhe āpāthaṃ āgacchanti. Yaṃ kiñci neyyaṃ nāma atthi jānitabbaṃ attattho vā parattho vā ubhayattho vā diṭṭhadhammiko vā attho samparāyiko vā attho uttāno vā attho gambhīro vā attho gūḷho vā attho paṭicchanno vā attho neyyo vā attho nīto vā attho anavajjo vā attho nikkileso vā attho vodāno vā attho paramattho vā attho, sabbaṃ taṃ antobuddhañāṇe parivattati.
Sabbaṃ kāyakammaṃ buddhassa Bhagavato ñāṇānuparivatti sabbaṃ vacīkammaṃ … sabbaṃ manokammaṃ … atīte buddhassa Bhagavato appaṭihataṃ ñāṇaṃ, anāgate paccuppanne appaṭihataṃ ñāṇaṃ. Yāvatakaṃ neyyaṃ tāvatakaṃ ñāṇaṃ, yāvatakaṃ ñāṇaṃ tāvatakaṃ neyyaṃ; neyyapariyantikaṃ ñāṇaṃ ñāṇapariyantikaṃ neyyaṃ, neyyaṃ atikkamitvā ñāṇaṃ nappavattati, ñāṇaṃ atikkamitvā neyyapatho natthi. Aññamaññapariyantaṭṭhāyino te dhammā. Yathā dvinnaṃ samuggapaṭalānaṃ sammāphusitānaṃ heṭṭhimaṃ samuggapaṭalaṃ uparimaṃ nātivattati, uparimaṃ samuggapaṭalaṃ heṭṭhimaṃ nātivattati, aññamaññapariyantaṭṭhāyino; evam evaṃ buddhassa Bhagavato neyyañca ñāṇañca aññamaññapariyantaṭṭhāyino. Yāvatakaṃ neyyaṃ tāvatakaṃ ñāṇaṃ, yāvatakaṃ ñāṇaṃ tāvatakaṃ neyyaṃ; neyyapariyantikaṃ ñāṇaṃ ñāṇapariyantikaṃ neyyaṃ. Neyyaṃ atikkamitvā ñāṇaṃ nappavattati, ñāṇaṃ atikkamitvā neyyapatho natthi. Aññamaññapariyantaṭṭhāyino te dhammā.
Sabbadhammesu buddhassa Bhagavato ñāṇaṃ pavattati. Sabbe dhammā buddhassa Bhagavato āvajjanapaṭibaddhā ākaṅkhapaṭibaddhā manasikārapaṭibaddhā cittuppādapaṭibaddhā. Sabbasattesu buddhassa Bhagavato ñāṇaṃ pavattati. Sabbesaṃ sattānaṃ Bhagavā āsayaṃ jānāti, anusayaṃ jānāti, caritaṃ jānāti, adhimuttiṃ jānāti, apparajakkhe mahārajakkhe tikkhindriye mudindriye svākāre dvākāre suviññāpaye duviññāpaye bhabbābhabbe satte pajānāti. Sadevako loko samārako sabrahmako sassamaṇabrāhmaṇī pajā sadevamanussā antobuddhañāṇe parivattati.
Yathā ye keci macchakacchapā antamaso timitimiṅgalaṃ upādāya antomahāsamudde parivattanti; evam evaṃ sadevako loko samārako sabrahmako sassamaṇabrāhmaṇī pajā sadevamanussā antobuddhañāṇe parivattati. Yathā ye keci pakkhī antamaso garuḷaṃ venateyyaṃ upādāya ākāsassa padese parivattanti; evam evaṃ yepi te Sāriputtasamā paññāya tepi buddhañāṇassa padese parivattanti; buddhañāṇaṃ devamanussānaṃ paññaṃ pharitvā abhibhavitvā tiṭṭhati. Yepi te khattiyapaṇḍitā brāhmaṇapaṇḍitā gahapatipaṇḍitā samaṇapaṇḍitā nipuṇā kataparappavādā vālavedhirūpā vobhindantā maññe caranti paññāgatena diṭṭhigatāni, te pañhaṃ abhisaṅkharitvā abhisaṅkharitvā Tathāgataṃ upasaṅkamitvā pucchanti gūḷhāni ca paṭicchannāni ca. Kathitā visajjitā ca te pañhā Bhagavatā honti niddiṭṭhakāraṇā. Upakkhittakā ca te Bhagavato sampajjanti. Atha kho Bhagavā tattha atirocati yad idaṃ paññāyāti. Evaṃ Bhagavā paññācakkhunā pi vivaṭacakkhu.
Kathaṃ Bhagavā buddhacakkhunā pi vivaṭacakkhu? Bhagavā buddhacakkhunā lokaṃ volokento addasa satte apparajakkhe mahārajakkhe tikkhindriye mudindriye svākāre dvākāre suviññāpaye duviññāpaye appekacce paralokavajjabhayadassāvino viharante, appekacce na paralokavajjabhayadassāvino viharante. Seyyathā pi nāma uppaliniyaṃ vā paduminiyaṃ vā puṇḍarīkiniyaṃ vā appekaccāni uppalāni vā padumāni vā puṇḍarīkāni vā udake jātāni udake saṃvaḍḍhāni udakā anuggatāni antonimuggaposīni, appekaccāni uppalāni vā padumāni vā puṇḍarīkāni vā udake jātāni udake saṃvaḍḍhāni samodakaṃ ṭhitāni, appekaccāni uppalāni vā padumāni vā puṇḍarīkāni vā udake jātāni udake saṃvaḍḍhāni udakā accuggamma tiṭṭhanti anupalittāni udakena; evam evaṃ Bhagavā buddhacakkhunā lokaṃ volokento addasa satte apparajakkhe mahārajakkhe tikkhindriye mudindriye svākāre dvākāre suviññāpaye duviññāpaye appekacce paralokavajjabhayadassāvino viharante, appekacce na paralokavajjabhayadassāvino viharante. Jānāti Bhagavā— “ayaṃ puggalo rāgacarito, ayaṃ dosacarito, ayaṃ mohacarito, ayaṃ vitakkacarito, ayaṃ saddhācarito, ayaṃ ñāṇacarito” ti. Rāgacaritassa Bhagavā puggalassa asubhakathaṃ katheti; dosacaritassa Bhagavā puggalassa mettābhāvanaṃ ācikkhati; mohacaritassa Bhagavā puggalassa uddese paripucchāya kālena dhammassavane kālena dhammasākacchāya garusaṃvāse niveseti; vitakkacaritassa Bhagavā puggalassa ānāpānassatiṃ ācikkhati; saddhācaritassa Bhagavā puggalassa pasādanīyaṃ nimittaṃ ācikkhati buddhasubodhiṃ dhammasudhammataṃ saṅghasuppaṭipattiṃ sīlāni ca attano; ñāṇacaritassa Bhagavā puggalassa ācikkhati vipassanānimittaṃ aniccākāraṃ dukkhākāraṃ anattākāraṃ.
“Sele yathā pabbatamuddhaniṭṭhito, yathā pi passe janataṃ samantato;
Tathūpamaṃ dhammamayaṃ sumedha, pāsādamāruyha samantacakkhu;
Sokāvatiṇṇaṃ janatamapetasoko, avekkhassu jātijarābhibhūtan” ti
Evaṃ Bhagavā buddhacakkhunā pi vivaṭacakkhu.
Kathaṃ Bhagavā samantacakkhunā pi vivaṭacakkhu? Samantacakkhu vuccati sabbaññutañāṇaṃ. Bhagavā sabbaññutañāṇena upeto samupeto upagato samupagato upapanno samupapanno samannāgato.
“Na tassa adiṭṭhamidhatthi kiñci, atho aviññātamajānitabbaṃ;
Sabbaṃ abhiññāsi yadatthi neyyaṃ, Tathāgato tena samantacakkhū” ti
Evaṃ Bhagavā samantacakkhunā pi vivaṭacakkhūti akittayi vivaṭacakkhu.
Sakkhidhammaṃ parissayavinayan ti. Sakkhidhamman ti na itihitihaṃ, na itikirāya, na paramparāya, na piṭakasampadāya, na takkahetu, na nayahetu, na ākāraparivitakkena, na diṭṭhinijjhānakkhantiyā sāmaṃ sayamabhiññātaṃ attapaccakkhaṃ dhammanti sakkhidhammaṃ. Parissayavinayan ti. Parissayā ti dve parissayā— pākaṭaparissayā ca paṭicchannaparissayā ca. Katame pākaṭaparissayā? Sīhā byagghā dīpī acchā taracchā kokā mahiṃsā hatthī ahi vicchikā satapadī, corā vā assu mānavā vā katakammā vā akatakammā vā, cakkhurogo sotarogo ghānarogo jivhārogo kāyarogo sīsarogo kaṇṇarogo mukharogo dantarogo kāso sāso pināso ḍāho jaro kucchirogo mucchā pakkhandikā sūlā visūcikā kuṭṭhaṃ gaṇḍo kilāso soso apamāro daddu kaṇḍu kacchu rakhasā vitacchikā lohitapittaṃ madhumeho aṃsā piḷakā bhagandalā, pittasamuṭṭhānā ābādhā semhasamuṭṭhānā ābādhā vātasamuṭṭhānā ābādhā sannipātikā ābādhā utupariṇāmajā ābādhā visamaparihārajā ābādhā opakkamikā ābādhā kammavipākajā ābādhā, sītaṃ uṇhaṃ jighacchā pipāsā uccāro passāvo ḍaṃsamakasavātātapasarīsapasamphassā iti vā— ime vuccanti pākaṭaparissayā.
Katame paṭicchannaparissayā? Kāyaduccaritaṃ vacīduccaritaṃ manoduccaritaṃ kāmacchandanīvaraṇaṃ byāpādanīvaraṇaṃ thinamiddhanīvaraṇaṃ uddhaccakukkuccanīvaraṇaṃ vicikicchānīvaraṇaṃ rāgo doso moho kodho upanāho makkho paḷāso issā macchariyaṃ māyā sāṭheyyaṃ thambho sārambho māno atimāno mado pamādo, sabbe kilesā sabbe duccaritā sabbe darathā sabbe pariḷāhā sabbe santāpā sabbākusalābhisaṅkhārā— ime vuccanti paṭicchannaparissayā.
Parissayā ti kenaṭṭhena parissayā? Parisahantī ti parissayā, parihānāya saṃvattantī ti parissayā, tatrāsayāti parissayā. Kathaṃ parisahantī ti parissayā? Te parissayā taṃ puggalaṃ sahanti parisahanti abhibhavanti ajjhottharanti pariyādiyanti maddanti. Evaṃ parisahantī ti parissayā.
Kathaṃ parihānāya saṃvattantī ti parissayā? Te parissayā kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ antarāyāya parihānāya saṃvattanti. Katamesaṃ kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ? Sammāpaṭipadāya anulomapaṭipadāya apaccanīkapaṭipadāya aviruddhapaṭipadāya anvatthapaṭipadāya dhammānudhammapaṭipadāya sīlesu paripūrakāritāya indriyesu guttadvāratāya bhojane mattaññutāya jāgariyānuyogassa satisampajaññassa catunnaṃ satipaṭṭhānānaṃ bhāvanānuyogassa catunnaṃ sammappadhānānaṃ catunnaṃ iddhipādānaṃ pañcannaṃ indriyānaṃ pañcannaṃ balānaṃ sattannaṃ bojjhaṅgānaṃ ariyassa aṭṭhaṅgikassa maggassa bhāvanānuyogassa— imesaṃ kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ antarāyāya parihānāya saṃvattanti. Evam pi parihānāya saṃvattantī ti parissayā.
Kathaṃ tatrāsayāti parissayā? Tatthete pāpakā akusalā dhammā uppajjanti attabhāvasannissayā. Yathā bile bilāsayā pāṇā sayanti, dake dakāsayā pāṇā sayanti, vane vanāsayā pāṇā sayanti, rukkhe rukkhāsayā pāṇā sayanti; evam evaṃ tatthete pāpakā akusalā dhammā uppajjanti attabhāvasannissayāti. Evam pi tatrāsayāti parissayā.
Vuttañ h’etaṃ Bhagavatā— “sāntevāsiko, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sācariyako dukkhaṃ na phāsu viharati. Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sāntevāsiko sācariyako dukkhaṃ na phāsu viharati? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno cakkhunā rūpaṃ disvā uppajjanti pāpakā akusalā dhammā sarasaṅkappā saṃyojaniyā, tyassa anto vasanti anvāssavanti pāpakā akusalā dhammāti. Tasmā sāntevāsikoti vuccati. Te naṃ samudācaranti, samudācaranti naṃ pāpakā akusalā dhammāti. Tasmā sācariyakoti vuccati.
Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno sotena saddaṃ sutvā …pe… ghānena gandhaṃ ghāyitvā … jivhāya rasaṃ sāyitvā … kāyena phoṭṭhabbaṃ phusitvā … manasā dhammaṃ viññāya uppajjanti pāpakā akusalā dhammā sarasaṅkappā saṃyojaniyā, tyassa anto vasanti anvāssavanti pāpakā akusalā dhammāti. Tasmā sāntevāsikoti vuccati. Te naṃ samudācaranti, samudācaranti naṃ pāpakā akusalā dhammāti. Tasmā sācariyakoti vuccati. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sāntevāsiko sācariyako dukkhaṃ na phāsu viharatī” ti. Evam pi tatrāsayāti parissayā.
Vuttañ h’etaṃ Bhagavatā— “tayome, bhikkhave, antarāmalā antarāamittā antarāsapattā antarāvadhakā antarāpaccatthikā. Katame tayo? Lobho, bhikkhave, antarāmalo antarāamitto antarāsapatto antarāvadhako antarāpaccatthiko; doso, bhikkhave …pe… moho, bhikkhave, antarāmalo antarāamitto antarāsapatto antarāvadhako antarāpaccatthiko. Ime kho, bhikkhave, tayo antarāmalā antarāamittā antarāsapattā antarāvadhakā antarāpaccatthikāti.
Anatthajanano lobho, lobho cittappakopano;
Bhayamantarato jātaṃ, taṃ jano nāvabujjhati
Luddho atthaṃ na jānāti, luddho dhammaṃ na passati;
Andhantamaṃ tadā hoti, yaṃ lobho sahate naraṃ
Anatthajanano doso, doso cittappakopano;
Bhayamantarato jātaṃ, taṃ jano nāvabujjhati
Kuddho atthaṃ na jānāti, kuddho dhammaṃ na passati;
Andhantamaṃ tadā hoti, yaṃ doso sahate naraṃ
Anatthajanano moho, moho cittappakopano;
Bhayamantarato jātaṃ, taṃ jano nāvabujjhati
Mūḷho atthaṃ na jānāti, mūḷho dhammaṃ na passati;
Andhantamaṃ tadā hoti, yaṃ moho sahate naran” ti
Evam pi tatrāsayāti parissayā.
Vuttañ h’etaṃ Bhagavatā— “tayo kho, mahārāja, purisassa dhammā ajjhattaṃ uppajjamānā uppajjanti ahitāya dukkhāya aphāsuvihārāya. Katame tayo? Lobho kho, mahārāja, purisassa dhammo ajjhattaṃ uppajjamāno uppajjati ahitāya dukkhāya aphāsuvihārāya; doso kho, mahārāja …pe… moho kho, mahārāja, purisassa dhammo ajjhattaṃ uppajjamāno uppajjati ahitāya dukkhāya aphāsuvihārāya. Ime kho, mahārāja, tayo purisassa dhammā ajjhattaṃ uppajjamānā uppajjanti ahitāya dukkhāya aphāsuvihārāya.
Lobho doso ca moho ca, purisaṃ pāpacetasaṃ;
Hiṃsanti attasambhūtā, tacasāraṃva samphalan” ti
Evam pi tatrāsayāti parissayā.
Vuttañ h’etaṃ Bhagavatā—
“Rāgo ca doso ca itonidānā, aratī ratī lomahaṃso itojā;
Ito samuṭṭhāya manovitakkā, kumārakā dhaṅkamivossajantī” ti
Evam pi tatrāsayāti parissayā.
Parissayavinayan ti parissayavinayaṃ parissayappahānaṃ parissayavūpasamaṃ parissayapaṭinissaggaṃ parissayapaṭipassaddhiṃ amataṃ nibbānanti sakkhidhammaṃ parissayavinayaṃ.
Paṭipadaṃ vadehi bhaddante ti. Paṭipadaṃ vadehi— sammāpaṭipadaṃ anulomapaṭipadaṃ apaccanīkapaṭipadaṃ aviruddhapaṭipadaṃ anvatthapaṭipadaṃ dhammānudhammapaṭipadaṃ sīlesu paripūrakāritaṃ indriyesu guttadvārataṃ bhojane mattaññutaṃ jāgariyānuyogaṃ satisampajaññaṃ cattāro satipaṭṭhāne cattāro sammappadhāne cattāro iddhipāde pañcindriyāni pañca balāni satta bojjhaṅge ariyaṃ aṭṭhaṅgikaṃ maggaṃ nibbānañca nibbānagāminiñca paṭipadaṃ vadehi ācikkha desehi paññapehi paṭṭhapehi vivara vibhaja uttānīkarohi pakāsehīti paṭipadaṃ vadehi. Bhaddante ti so nimmito buddhaṃ Bhagavantaṃ ālapati. Atha vā yaṃ tvaṃ dhammaṃ ācikkhasi desesi paññapesi paṭṭhapesi vivari vibhaji uttānīakāsi pakāsesi sabbaṃ taṃ sundaraṃ bhaddakaṃ kalyāṇaṃ anavajjaṃ sevitabbanti paṭipadaṃ vadehi bhaddante.
Pātimokkhaṃ atha vāpi samādhin ti. Pātimokkhan ti sīlaṃ patiṭṭhā ādi caraṇaṃ saṃyamo saṃvaro mukhaṃ pamukhaṃ kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ samāpattiyā. Atha vāpi samādhin ti yā cittassa ṭhiti saṇṭhiti avaṭṭhiti avisāhāro avikkhepo avisāhatamānasatā samatho samādhindriyaṃ samādhibalaṃ sammāsamādhīti pātimokkhaṃ atha vāpi samādhiṃ.
Tenāha so nimmito—
“Akittayī vivaṭacakkhu, sakkhidhammaṃ parissayavinayaṃ;
Paṭipadaṃ vadehi bhaddante, pātimokkhaṃ atha vāpi samādhin” ti
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Cakkhūhi neva lolassa, gāmakathāya āvaraye sotaṃ;
Rase ca nānugijjheyya, na ca mamāyetha kiñci lokasmiṃ.
Cakkhūhi neva lolassā ti. Kathaṃ cakkhuloloti? Idh’ekacco cakkhuloliyena samannāgato ho ti “adiṭṭhaṃ dakkhitabbaṃ, diṭṭhaṃ samatikkamitabban” ti ārāmena ārāmaṃ uyyānena uyyānaṃ gāmena gāmaṃ nigamena nigamaṃ nagarena nagaraṃ raṭṭhena raṭṭhaṃ janapadena janapadaṃ dīghacārikaṃ anavaṭṭhitacārikaṃ anuyutto ca hoti rūpassa dassanāya. Evam pi cakkhulolo hoti.
Atha vā bhikkhu antaragharaṃ paviṭṭho vīthiṃ paṭipanno asaṃvuto gacchati hatthiṃ olokento, assaṃ olokento, rathaṃ olokento, pattiṃ olokento, itthiyo olokento, purise olokento, kumārake olokento, kumārikāyo olokento, antarāpaṇaṃ olokento, gharamukhāni olokento, uddhaṃ olokento, adho olokento, disāvidisaṃ vipekkhamāno gacchati. Evam pi cakkhulolo hoti.
Atha vā bhikkhu cakkhunā rūpaṃ disvā nimittaggāhī hoti anubyañjanaggāhī. Yatvādhikaraṇamenaṃ cakkhundriyaṃ asaṃvutaṃ viharantaṃ abhijjhādomanassā pāpakā akusalā dhammā anvāssaveyyuṃ, tassa saṃvarāya na paṭipajjati, na rakkhati cakkhundriyaṃ, cakkhundriye na saṃvaraṃ āpajjati. Evam pi cakkhulolo hoti.
Yathā vā paneke bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā saddhādeyyāni bhojanāni bhuñjitvā te evarūpaṃ visūkadassanaṃ anuyuttā viharanti, seyyathidaṃ— naccaṃ gītaṃ vāditaṃ pekkhaṃ akkhānaṃ pāṇissaraṃ vetāḷaṃ kumbhathūṇaṃ sobhanakaṃ caṇḍālaṃ vaṃsaṃ dhovanaṃ hatthiyuddhaṃ assayuddhaṃ mahiṃsayuddhaṃ usabhayuddhaṃ ajayuddhaṃ meṇḍayuddhaṃ kukkuṭayuddhaṃ vaṭṭakayuddhaṃ daṇḍayuddhaṃ muṭṭhiyuddhaṃ nibbuddhaṃ uyyodhikaṃ balaggaṃ senābyūhaṃ anīkadassanaṃ iti vā. Evam pi cakkhulolo hoti.
Kathaṃ na cakkhulolo hoti? Idha bhikkhu antaragharaṃ paviṭṭho vīthiṃ paṭipanno saṃvuto gacchati na hatthiṃ olokento, na assaṃ olokento, na rathaṃ olokento, na pattiṃ olokento, na itthiyo olokento, na purise olokento, na kumārake olokento, na kumārikāyo olokento, na antarāpaṇaṃ olokento, na gharamukhāni olokento, na uddhaṃ olokento, na adho olokento, na disāvidisāvipekkhamāno gacchati. Evam pi na cakkhulolo hoti.
Atha vā bhikkhu cakkhunā rūpaṃ disvā na nimittaggāhī hoti nānubyañjanaggāhī. Yatvādhikaraṇamenaṃ cakkhundriyaṃ asaṃvutaṃ viharantaṃ abhijjhādomanassā pāpakā akusalā dhammā anvāssaveyyuṃ, tassa saṃvarāya paṭipajjati, rakkhati cakkhundriyaṃ, cakkhundriye saṃvaraṃ āpajjati. Evam pi na cakkhulolo hoti.
Yathā vā paneke bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā saddhādeyyāni bhojanāni bhuñjitvā te evarūpaṃ visūkadassanaṃ ananuyuttā viharanti, seyyathidaṃ— naccaṃ gītaṃ vāditaṃ pekkhaṃ akkhānaṃ …pe… anīkadassanaṃ iti vā. Evarūpā visūkadassanā paṭivirato hoti. Evam pi na cakkhulolo hoti.
Cakkhūhi neva lolassā ti. Cakkhuloliyaṃ pajaheyya vinodeyya byantiṃ kareyya anabhāvaṃ gameyya, cakkhuloliyā ārato assa virato paṭivirato nikkhanto nissaṭo vippamutto visaññutto vimariyādikatena cetasā vihareyyā ti cakkhūhi neva lolassa.
Gāmakathāya āvaraye sotan ti. Gāmakathā vuccati bāttiṃsa tiracchānakathā, seyyathidaṃ— rājakathā corakathā mahāmattakathā senākathā bhayakathā yuddhakathā annakathā pānakathā vatthakathā yānakathā sayanakathā mālākathā gandhakathā ñātikathā gāmakathā nigamakathā nagarakathā janapadakathā itthikathā sūrakathā visikhākathā kumbhaṭṭhānakathā pubbapetakathā nānattakathā lokakkhāyikā samuddakkhāyikā itibhavābhavakathā iti vā. Gāmakathāya āvaraye sotan ti. Gāmakathāya sotaṃ āvareyya nivāreyya saṃvareyya rakkheyya gopeyya pidaheyya pacchindeyyā ti gāmakathāya āvaraye sotaṃ.
Rase ca nānugijjheyyā ti. Rase cā ti mūlaraso khandharaso tacaraso pattaraso puppharaso phalaraso ambilaṃ madhuraṃ tittakaṃ kaṭukaṃ loṇikaṃ khārikaṃ lambikaṃ kasāvo sādu asādu sītaṃ uṇhaṃ. Santeke samaṇabrāhmaṇā rasagiddhā; te jivhaggena rasaggāni pariyesantā āhiṇḍanti, te ambilaṃ labhitvā anambilaṃ pariyesanti, anambilaṃ labhitvā ambilaṃ pariyesanti …pe… sītaṃ labhitvā uṇhaṃ pariyesanti, uṇhaṃ labhitvā sītaṃ pariyesanti. Te yaṃ yaṃ labhitvā tena tena na tussanti, aparāparaṃ pariyesanti, manāpikesu rasesu rattā giddhā gadhitā mucchitā ajjhosannā laggā laggitā palibuddhā. Yassesā rasataṇhā pahīnā samucchinnā …pe… ñāṇagginā daḍḍhā, so paṭisaṅkhā yoniso āhāraṃ āhāreti neva davāya …pe… anavajjatā ca phāsuvihāro cāti.
Yathā vaṇaṃ ālimpeyya yāvadeva āruhaṇatthāya, yathā vā pana akkhaṃ abbhañjeyya yāvadeva bhārassa nittharaṇatthāya, yathā vā puttamaṃsaṃ āhāraṃ āhāreyya yāvadeva kantārassa nittharaṇatthāya; evam evaṃ bhikkhu paṭisaṅkhā yoniso āhāraṃ āhāreti neva davāya …pe… anavajjatā ca phāsuvihāro cāti rasataṇhaṃ pajaheyya vinodeyya byantiṃ kareyya anabhāvaṃ gameyya, rasataṇhāya ārato assa virato paṭivirato nikkhanto nissaṭo vippamutto visaññutto vimariyādikatena cetasā vihareyyā ti rase ca nānugijjheyya.
Na ca mamāyetha kiñci lokasmin ti. Mamattā ti dve mamattā— taṇhāmamattañ ca diṭṭhimamattañ ca …pe… idaṃ taṇhāmamattaṃ …pe… idaṃ diṭṭhimamattaṃ. Taṇhāmamattaṃ pahāya diṭṭhimamattaṃ paṭinissajjitvā cakkhuṃ na mamāyeyya na gaṇheyya na parāmaseyya nābhiniviseyya; sotaṃ … ghānaṃ … jivhaṃ … kāyaṃ … rūpe … sadde … gandhe … rase … phoṭṭhabbe … kulaṃ … gaṇaṃ … āvāsaṃ … lābhaṃ … yasaṃ … pasaṃsaṃ … sukhaṃ … cīvaraṃ … piṇḍapātaṃ … senāsanaṃ … gilānapaccayabhesajjaparikkhāraṃ … kāmadhātuṃ … rūpadhātuṃ … arūpadhātuṃ … kāmabhavaṃ … rūpabhavaṃ … arūpabhavaṃ … saññābhavaṃ … asaññābhavaṃ … nevasaññānāsaññābhavaṃ … ekavokārabhavaṃ … catuvokārabhavaṃ … pañcavokārabhavaṃ … atītaṃ … anāgataṃ … paccuppannaṃ … diṭṭhasutamutaviññātabbe dhamme na mamāyeyya na gaṇheyya na parāmaseyya nābhiniviseyya. Kiñcī ti kiñci rūpagataṃ vedanāgataṃ saññāgataṃ saṅkhāragataṃ viññāṇagataṃ. Lokasmin ti apāyaloke …pe… āyatanaloketi na ca mamāyetha kiñci lokasmiṃ.
Tenāha Bhagavā—
“Cakkhūhi neva lolassa, gāmakathāya āvaraye sotaṃ;
Rase ca nānugijjheyya, na ca mamāyetha kiñci lokasmin” ti
158
Phassena yadā phuṭṭhassa, paridevaṃ bhikkhu na kareyya kuhiñci;
Bhavañca nābhijappeyya, bheravesu ca na sampavedheyya.
Phassena yadā phuṭṭhassā ti. Phasso ti rogaphasso. Rogaphassena phuṭṭho pareto samohito samannāgato assa; cakkhurogena phuṭṭho pareto samohito samannāgato assa, sotarogena …pe… ghānarogena … jivhārogena … kāyarogena … sīsarogena … kaṇṇarogena … mukharogena … dantarogena … kāsena … sāsena … pināsena … ḍāhena … jarena … kucchirogena … mucchāya … pakkhandikāya … sūlāya … visūcikāya … kuṭṭhena … gaṇḍena … kilāsena … sosena … apamārena … dadduyā … kaṇḍuyā … kacchuyā … rakhasāya … vitacchikāya … lohitena … pittena … madhumehena … aṃsāya … piḷakāya … bhagandalāya … pittasamuṭṭhānena ābādhena … semhasamuṭṭhānena ābādhena … vātasamuṭṭhānena ābādhena … sannipātikena ābādhena … utupariṇāmajena ābādhena … visamaparihārajena ābādhena … opakkamikena ābādhena … kammavipākajena ābādhena … sītena … uṇhena … jighacchāya … pipāsāya … uccārena … passāvena … ḍaṃsamakasavātātapasarīsapasamphassehi phuṭṭho pareto samohito samannāgato assāti phassena yadā phuṭṭhassa.
Paridevaṃ bhikkhu na kareyya kuhiñcī ti. Ādevaṃ paridevaṃ ādevanaṃ paridevanaṃ ādevitattaṃ paridevitattaṃ vācā palāpaṃ vippalāpaṃ lālappaṃ lālappāyanaṃ lālappāyitattaṃ na kareyya na janeyya na sañjaneyya na nibbatteyya nābhinibbatteyya. Kuhiñcī ti kuhiñci kimhici katthaci ajjhattaṃ vā bahiddhā vā ajjhattabahiddhā vāti paridevaṃ bhikkhu na kareyya kuhiñci.
Bhavañca nābhijappeyyā ti. Kāmabhavaṃ na jappeyya, rūpabhavaṃ na jappeyya, arūpabhavaṃ na jappeyya na pajappeyya nābhijappeyyā ti bhavañca nābhijappeyya.
Bheravesu ca na sampavedheyyā ti. Bheravā ti ekenākārena bhayam pi bheravampi taññeva. Vuttañ h’etaṃ Bhagavatā— “etaṃ nūna taṃ bhayabheravaṃ āgacchatī” ti. Bahiddhārammaṇaṃ vuttaṃ sīhā byagghā dīpī acchā taracchā kokā mahiṃsā assā hatthī ahi vicchikā satapadī, corā vā assu mānavā vā katakammā vā akatakammā vā. Athāparena ākārena bhayaṃ vuccati ajjhattikaṃ cittasamuṭṭhānaṃ bhayaṃ bhayānakaṃ chambhitattaṃ lomahaṃso cetaso ubbego utrāso, jātibhayaṃ jarābhayaṃ byādhibhayaṃ maraṇabhayaṃ rājabhayaṃ corabhayaṃ aggibhayaṃ udakabhayaṃ attānuvādabhayaṃ parānuvādabhayaṃ daṇḍabhayaṃ duggatibhayaṃ ūmibhayaṃ kumbhīlabhayaṃ āvaṭṭabhayaṃ susukābhayaṃ ājīvikabhayaṃ asilokabhayaṃ parisāya sārajjabhayaṃ madanabhayaṃ duggatibhayaṃ bhayaṃ bhayānakaṃ chambhitattaṃ lomahaṃso cetaso ubbego utrāso. Bheravesu ca na sampavedheyyā ti bherave passitvā vā suṇitvā vā na vedheyya na pavedheyya na sampavedheyya na taseyya na uttaseyya na paritaseyya na bhāyeyya na santāsaṃ āpajjeyya, abhīrū assa achambhī anutrāsī apalāyī, pahīnabhayabheravo vigatalomahaṃso vihareyyā ti bheravesu ca na sampavedheyya.
Tenāha Bhagavā—
“Phassena yadā phuṭṭhassa, paridevaṃ bhikkhu na kareyya kuhiñci;
Bhavañca nābhijappeyya, bheravesu ca na sampavedheyyā” ti
159
Annānamatho pānānaṃ, khādanīyānamatho pi vatthānaṃ;
Laddhā na sannidhiṃ kayirā, na ca parittase tāni alabhamāno.
Annānamatho pānānaṃ, khādanīyānamatho pi vatthānan ti. Annānan ti odano kummāso sattu maccho maṃsaṃ. Pānānan ti aṭṭha pānāni— ambapānaṃ, jambupānaṃ, cocapānaṃ, mocapānaṃ, madhupānaṃ, muddikapānaṃ, sālūkapānaṃ, phārusakapānaṃ. Aparānipi aṭṭha pānāni— kosambapānaṃ, kolapānaṃ, badarapānaṃ, ghatapānaṃ, telapānaṃ, payopānaṃ, yāgupānaṃ, rasapānaṃ. Khādanīyānan ti piṭṭhakhajjakaṃ, pūvakhajjakaṃ, mūlakhajjakaṃ, tacakhajjakaṃ, pattakhajjakaṃ, pupphakhajjakaṃ, phalakhajjakaṃ. Vatthānan ti cha cīvarāni— khomaṃ, kappāsikaṃ, koseyyaṃ, kambalaṃ, sāṇaṃ, bhaṅganti annānamatho pānānaṃ khādanīyānamatho pi vatthānaṃ.
Laddhā na sannidhiṃ kayirā ti. Laddhā ti laddhā labhitvā adhigantvā vinditvā paṭilabhitvā na kuhanāya, na lapanāya, na nemittikatāya, na nippesikatāya, na lābhena lābhaṃ nijigīsanatāya, na dārudānena, na veḷudānena, na pattadānena, na pupphadānena, na phaladānena, na sinānadānena, na cuṇṇadānena, na mattikādānena, na dantakaṭṭhadānena, na mukhodakadānena, na cāṭukamyatāya, na muggasūpyatāya, na pāribhaṭyatāya, na pīṭhamaddikatāya, na vatthuvijjāya, na tiracchānavijjāya, na aṅgavijjāya, na nakkhattavijjāya, na dūtagamanena, na pahiṇagamanena, na jaṅghapesaniyena, na vejjakammena, na navakammena, na piṇḍapaṭipiṇḍakena, na dānānuppadānena dhammena samena laddhā labhitvā adhigantvā vinditvā paṭilabhitvā ti laddhā. Na sannidhiṃ kayirā ti annasannidhiṃ pānasannidhiṃ vatthasannidhiṃ yānasannidhiṃ sayanasannidhiṃ gandhasannidhiṃ āmisasannidhiṃ na kareyya na janeyya na sañjaneyya na nibbatteyya nābhinibbatteyyā ti laddhā na sannidhiṃ kayirā.
Na ca parittase tāni alabhamāno ti. Annaṃ vā na labhāmi, pānaṃ vā na labhāmi, vatthaṃ vā na labhāmi, kulaṃ vā na labhāmi, gaṇaṃ vā na labhāmi, āvāsaṃ vā na labhāmi, lābhaṃ vā na labhāmi, yasaṃ vā na labhāmi, pasaṃsaṃ vā na labhāmi, sukhaṃ vā na labhāmi, cīvaraṃ vā na labhāmi, piṇḍapātaṃ vā na labhāmi, senāsanaṃ vā na labhāmi, gilānapaccayabhesajjaparikkhāraṃ vā na labhāmi, gilānupaṭṭhākaṃ vā na labhāmi, “appaññātomhī” ti na taseyya na uttaseyya na parittaseyya na bhāyeyya na santāsaṃ āpajjeyya, abhīrū assa achambhī anutrāsī apalāyī, pahīnabhayabheravo vigatalomahaṃso vihareyyā ti na ca parittase tāni alabhamāno.
Tenāha Bhagavā—
“Annānamatho pānānaṃ, khādanīyānamatho pi vatthānaṃ;
Laddhā na sannidhiṃ kayirā, na ca parittase tāni alabhamāno” ti
160
Jhāyī na pādalolassa, virame kukkuccā nappamajjeyya;
Athāsanesu sayanesu, appasaddesu bhikkhu vihareyya.
Jhāyī na pādalolassā ti. Jhāyī ti paṭhamenapi jhānena jhāyī, dutiyenapi jhānena jhāyī, tatiyenapi jhānena jhāyī, catutthenapi jhānena jhāyī, savitakkasavicārenapi jhānena jhāyī, avitakkavicāramattenapi jhānena jhāyī, avitakkaavicārenapi jhānena jhāyī, sappītikenapi jhānena jhāyī, nippītikenapi jhānena jhāyī, pītisahagatenapi jhānena jhāyī, sātasahagatenapi jhānena jhāyī, sukhasahagatenapi jhānena jhāyī, upekkhāsahagatenapi jhānena jhāyī, suññatenapi jhānena jhāyī, animittenapi jhānena jhāyī, appaṇihitenapi jhānena jhāyī, lokiyenapi jhānena jhāyī, lokuttarenapi jhānena jhāyī, jhānarato ekattamanuyutto paramatthagaruko ti jhāyī.
Na pādalolassā ti. Kathaṃ pādalolo hoti? Idh’ekacco pādaloliyena samannāgato hoti ārāmena ārāmaṃ uyyānena uyyānaṃ gāmena gāmaṃ nigamena nigamaṃ nagarena nagaraṃ raṭṭhena raṭṭhaṃ janapadena janapadaṃ dīghacārikaṃ anavaṭṭhitacārikaṃ anuyutto viharati. Evam pi pādalolo hoti.
Atha vā bhikkhu anto pi saṅghārāme pādaloliyena samannāgato hoti. Na atthahetu na kāraṇahetu uddhato avūpasantacitto pariveṇato pariveṇaṃ gacchati, vihārato vihāraṃ gacchati, aḍḍhayogato aḍḍhayogaṃ gacchati, pāsādato pāsādaṃ gacchati, hammiyato hammiyaṃ gacchati, guhāya guhaṃ gacchati, leṇato leṇaṃ gacchati, kuṭito kuṭiṃ gacchati, kūṭāgārato kūṭāgāraṃ gacchati, aṭṭato aṭṭaṃ gacchati, māḷato māḷaṃ gacchati, uddaṇḍato uddaṇḍaṃ gacchati, upaṭṭhānasālato upaṭṭhānasālaṃ gacchati, maṇḍalamāḷato maṇḍalamāḷaṃ gacchati, rukkhamūlato rukkhamūlaṃ gacchati. Yattha vā pana bhikkhū nisīdanti tahiṃ gacchati, tattha ekassa vā dutiyo hoti, dvinnaṃ vā tatiyo hoti, tiṇṇaṃ vā catuttho hoti. Tattha bahuṃ samphappalāpaṃ palapati, seyyathidaṃ— rājakathaṃ corakathaṃ mahāmattakathaṃ senākathaṃ bhayakathaṃ yuddhakathaṃ annakathaṃ pānakathaṃ vatthakathaṃ yānakathaṃ sayanakathaṃ mālākathaṃ gandhakathaṃ ñātikathaṃ gāmakathaṃ nigamakathaṃ nagarakathaṃ janapadakathaṃ itthikathaṃ sūrakathaṃ visikhākathaṃ kumbhaṭṭhānakathaṃ pubbapetakathaṃ nānattakathaṃ lokakkhāyikaṃ samuddakkhāyikaṃ iti bhavābhavakathaṃ iti vā. Evam pi pādalolo hoti.
Na pādalolassā ti. Pādaloliyaṃ pajaheyya vinodeyya byantiṃ kareyya anabhāvaṃ gameyya, pādaloliyā ārato assa virato paṭivirato nikkhanto nissaṭo vippamutto visaññutto vimariyādikatena cetasā vihareyya careyya vicareyya iriyeyya vatteyya pāleyya yapeyya yāpeyya, paṭisallānārāmo assa paṭisallānarato ajjhattaṃ cetosamathamanuyutto anirākatajjhāno vipassanāya samannāgato brūhetā suññāgārānaṃ jhāyī jhānarato ekattamanuyutto paramatthagaruko ti jhāyī na pādalolassa.
Virame kukkuccā nappamajjeyyā ti. Kukkuccan ti hatthakukkuccampi kukkuccaṃ, pādakukkuccampi kukkuccaṃ, hatthapādakukkuccampi kukkuccaṃ, akappiye kappiyasaññitā, kappiye akappiyasaññitā, vikāle kālasaññitā, kāle vikālasaññitā, avajje vajjasaññitā, vajje avajjasaññitā, yaṃ evarūpaṃ kukkuccaṃ kukkuccāyanā kukkuccāyitattaṃ cetaso vippaṭisāro manovilekho— idaṃ vuccati kukkuccaṃ.
Api ca dvīhi kāraṇehi uppajjati kukkuccaṃ cetaso vippaṭisāro manovilekho— katattā ca akatattā ca. Kathaṃ katattā ca akatattā ca uppajjati kukkuccaṃ cetaso vippaṭisāro manovilekho? “Kataṃ me kāyaduccaritaṃ, akataṃ me kāyasucaritan” ti uppajjati kukkuccaṃ cetaso vippaṭisāro manovilekho, “kataṃ me vacīduccaritaṃ, akataṃ me vacīsucaritan” ti uppajjati kukkuccaṃ cetaso vippaṭisāro manovilekho, “kataṃ me manoduccaritaṃ, akataṃ me manosucaritaṃ …pe… “kato me pāṇātipāto, akatā me pāṇātipātā veramaṇī” ti uppajjati kukkuccaṃ …pe… manovilekho, “kataṃ me adinnādānaṃ … kato me kāmesumicchācāro … kato me musāvādo … katā me pisuṇā vācā … katā me pharusā vācā … kato me samphappalāpo … katā me abhijjhā … kato me byāpādo … katā me micchādiṭṭhi, akatā me sammādiṭṭhī” ti uppajjati kukkuccaṃ cetaso vippaṭisāro manovilekho. Evaṃ katattā ca akatattā ca uppajjati kukkuccaṃ cetaso vippaṭisāro manovilekho.
Atha vā “sīlesumhi na paripūrakārī” ti uppajjati kukkuccaṃ cetaso vippaṭisāro manovilekho, “indriyesumhi aguttadvāro” ti …pe… “bhojane amattaññumhī” ti … “jāgariyaṃ ananuyuttomhī” ti … “na satisampajaññena samannāgatomhī” ti … “abhāvitā me cattāro satipaṭṭhānā” ti … “abhāvitā me cattāro sammappadhānā” ti … “abhāvitā me cattāro iddhipādā” ti … “abhāvitāni me pañcindriyānī” ti … “abhāvitāni me pañca balānī” ti … “abhāvitā me satta bojjhaṅgā” ti … “abhāvito me ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo” ti … “dukkhaṃ me apariññātan” ti … “samudayo me appahīno” ti … “maggo me abhāvito” ti … “nirodho me asacchikato” ti uppajjati kukkuccaṃ cetaso vippaṭisāro manovilekho. Virame kukkuccā ti kukkuccā ārameyya virameyya paṭivirameyya kukkuccaṃ pajaheyya vinodeyya byantiṃ kareyya anabhāvaṃ gameyya. Kukkuccā ārato assa virato paṭivirato nikkhanto nissaṭo vippamutto visaññutto vimariyādikatena cetasā vihareyyā ti virame kukkuccā.
Nappamajjeyyā ti sakkaccakārī assa sātaccakārī aṭṭhitakārī anolīnavuttiko anikkhittacchando anikkhittadhuro appamādo kusalesu dhammesu. “Kadāhaṃ aparipūraṃ vā sīlakkhandhaṃ paripūreyyaṃ, paripūraṃ vā sīlakkhandhaṃ tattha tattha paññāya anuggaṇheyyan” ti? Yo tattha chando ca vāyāmo ca ussāho ca ussoḷhī ca thāmo ca appaṭivānī ca sati ca sampajaññañca ātappaṃ padhānaṃ adhiṭṭhānaṃ anuyogo appamādo kusalesu dhammesu. “Kadāhaṃ aparipūraṃ vā samādhikkhandhaṃ …pe… paññākkhandhaṃ … vimuttikkhandhaṃ … vimuttiñāṇadassanakkhandhaṃ … kadāhaṃ apariññātaṃ vā dukkhaṃ parijāneyyaṃ, appahīne vā kilese pajaheyyaṃ, abhāvitaṃ vā maggaṃ bhāveyyaṃ, asacchikataṃ vā nirodhaṃ sacchikareyyan” ti? Yo tattha chando ca vāyāmo ca ussāho ca ussoḷhī ca thāmo ca appaṭivānī ca sati ca sampajaññañca ātappaṃ padhānaṃ adhiṭṭhānaṃ anuyogo appamādo kusalesu dhammesūti virame kukkuccā nappamajjeyya.
Athāsanesu sayanesu, appasaddesu bhikkhu vihareyyā ti. Athā ti padasandhi …pe… āsanaṃ vuccati yattha nisīdati mañco pīṭhaṃ bhisi taṭṭikā cammakhaṇḍo tiṇasanthāro paṇṇasanthāro palālasanthāro. Sayanaṃ vuccati senāsanaṃ vihāro aḍḍhayogo pāsādo hammiyaṃ guhāti athāsanesu sayanesu.
Appasaddesu bhikkhu vihareyyā ti. Appasaddesu appanigghosesu vijanavātesu manussarāhasseyyakesu paṭisallānasāruppesu senāsanesu careyya vicareyya vihareyya iriyeyya vatteyya pāleyya yapeyya yāpeyyā ti athāsanesu sayanesu appasaddesu bhikkhu vihareyya.
Tenāha Bhagavā—
“Jhāyī na pādalolassa, virame kukkuccā nappamajjeyya;
Athāsanesu sayanesu, appasaddesu bhikkhu vihareyyā” ti
161
Niddaṃ na bahulīkareyya, jāgariyaṃ bhajeyya ātāpī;
Tandiṃ māyaṃ hassaṃ khiḍḍaṃ, methunaṃ vippajahe savibhūsaṃ.
Niddaṃ na bahulīkareyyā ti. Rattindivaṃ chakoṭṭhāsaṃ kāretvā pañcakoṭṭhāsaṃ paṭijaggeyya ekakoṭṭhāsaṃ nippajjeyyā ti niddaṃ na bahulīkareyya.
Jāgariyaṃ bhajeyya ātāpī ti. Idha bhikkhu divasaṃ caṅkamena nisajjāya āvaraṇīyehi dhammehi cittaṃ parisodheyya, rattiyā paṭhamaṃ yāmaṃ caṅkamena nisajjāya āvaraṇīyehi dhammehi cittaṃ parisodheyya, rattiyā majjhimaṃ yāmaṃ dakkhiṇena passena sīhaseyyaṃ kappeyya pādepādaṃ accādhāya sato sampajāno uṭṭhānasaññaṃ manasikaritvā, rattiyā pacchimaṃ yāmaṃ paccuṭṭhāya caṅkamena nisajjāya āvaraṇīyehi dhammehi cittaṃ parisodheyya.
Jāgariyaṃ bhajeyyā ti jāgariyaṃ bhajeyya sambhajeyya seveyya niseveyya saṃseveyya paṭiseveyyā ti jāgariyaṃ bhajeyya.
Ātāpī ti. Ātappaṃ vuccati vīriyaṃ. Yo cetasiko vīriyārambho nikkamo parakkamo uyyāmo vāyāmo ussāho ussoḷhī thāmo ṭhiti asithilaparakkamatā anikkhittacchandatā anikkhittadhuratā dhurasampaggaho vīriyaṃ vīriyindriyaṃ vīriyabalaṃ sammāvāyāmo. Iminā ātāpena upeto samupeto upagato samupagato upapanno samupapanno samannāgato so vuccati ātāpīti jāgariyaṃ bhajeyya ātāpī.
Tandiṃ māyaṃ hassaṃ khiḍḍaṃ, methunaṃ vippajahe savibhūsan ti. Tandī ti tandī tandiyanā tandiyitattaṃ tandimanakatā ālasyaṃ ālasyāyanā ālasyāyitattaṃ. Māyā vuccati vañcanikā cariyā. Idh’ekacco kāyena duccaritaṃ caritvā … vācāya …pe… manasā duccaritaṃ caritvā tassa paṭicchādanahetu pāpikaṃ icchaṃ paṇidahati. Mā maṃ jaññāti icchati, mā maṃ jaññāti saṅkappeti, mā maṃ jaññāti vācaṃ bhāsati, mā maṃ jaññāti kāyena parakkamati. Yā evarūpā māyāvitā accasarā vañcanā nikati nikiraṇā pariharaṇā gūhanā parigūhanā chādanā paricchādanā anuttānikammaṃ anāvikammaṃ vocchādanā pāpakiriyā— ayaṃ vuccati māyā. Hassan ti idhekacco ativelaṃ dantavidaṃsakaṃ hasati. Vuttañ h’etaṃ Bhagavatā— “komārakamidaṃ, bhikkhave, ariyassa vinaye yad idaṃ ativelaṃ dantavidaṃsakaṃ hasitan” ti.
Khiḍḍā ti dve khiḍḍā— kāyikā ca khiḍḍā vācasikā ca khiḍḍā. Katamā kāyikā khiḍḍā? Hatthīhipi kīḷanti, assehipi kīḷanti, rathehipi kīḷanti, dhanūhipi kīḷanti, aṭṭhapadehipi kīḷanti, dasapadehipi kīḷanti, ākāsepi kīḷanti, parihārapathepi kīḷanti, santikāyapi kīḷanti, khalikāyapi kīḷanti, ghaṭikāyapi kīḷanti, salākahatthenapi kīḷanti, akkhenapi kīḷanti, paṅkacīrenapi kīḷanti, vaṅkakenapi kīḷanti, mokkhacikāyapi kīḷanti, ciṅgulakenapi kīḷanti, pattāḷhakenapi kīḷanti, rathakenapi kīḷanti, dhanukenapi kīḷanti, akkharikāyapi kīḷanti, manesikāyapi kīḷanti, yathāvajjenapi kīḷanti ayaṃ kāyikā khiḍḍā. Katamā vācasikā khiḍḍā? Mukhabherikaṃ mukhālambaraṃ mukhaḍiṇḍimakaṃ mukhavalimakaṃ mukhabheruḷakaṃ mukhadaddarikaṃ nāṭakaṃ lāpaṃ gītaṃ davakammaṃ— ayaṃ vācasikā khiḍḍā.
Methunadhammo nāma yo so asaddhammo gāmadhammo vasaladhammo duṭṭhullo odakantiko rahasso dvayaṃdvayasamāpatti. Kiṅkāraṇā vuccati methunadhammo? Ubhinnaṃ rattānaṃ sārattānaṃ avassutānaṃ pariyuṭṭhitānaṃ pariyādinnacittānaṃ ubhinnaṃ sadisānaṃ dhammoti, taṅkāraṇā vuccati methunadhammo. Yathā ubho kalahakārakā methunakāti vuccanti, ubho bhaṇḍanakārakā … ubho bhassakārakā … ubho adhikaraṇakārakā … ubho vivādakārakā … ubho vādino … ubho sallāpakā methunakāti vuccanti; evam evaṃ ubhinnaṃ rattānaṃ sārattānaṃ avassutānaṃ pariyuṭṭhitānaṃ pariyādinnacittānaṃ ubhinnaṃ sadisānaṃ dhammoti, taṅkāraṇā vuccati methunadhammo.
Vibhūsā ti dve vibhūsā— atthi agāriyassa vibhūsā, atthi pabbajitassa vibhūsā. Katamā agāriyassa vibhūsā? Kesā ca massu ca mālā ca gandhā ca vilepanā ca ābharaṇā ca pilandhanā ca vatthañca sayanāsanañca veṭhanañca ucchādanaṃ parimaddanaṃ nhāpanaṃ sambāhanaṃ ādāsaṃ añjanaṃ mālāvilepanaṃ mukhacuṇṇakaṃ mukhalepaṃ hatthabandhaṃ sikhābandhaṃ daṇḍanāḷiyaṃ khaggaṃ chattaṃ citrā upāhanā uṇhīsaṃ maṇiṃ vāḷabījaniṃ odātāni vatthāni dīghadasāni iti vā— ayaṃ agāriyassa vibhūsā. Katamā pabbajitassa vibhūsā? Cīvaramaṇḍanā pattamaṇḍanā senāsanamaṇḍanā imassa vā pūtikāyassa bāhirānaṃ vā parikkhārānaṃ maṇḍanā vibhūsanā keḷanā parikeḷanā gedhitatā gedhitattaṃ capalatā cāpalyaṃ— ayaṃ pabbajitassa vibhūsā.
Tandiṃ māyaṃ hassaṃ khiḍḍaṃ, methunaṃ vippajahe savibhūsan ti. Tandiñca māyañca hassañ ca khiḍḍañca methunadhammañca savibhūsaṃ saparivāraṃ saparibhaṇḍaṃ saparikkhāraṃ pajaheyya vinodeyya byantiṃ kareyya anabhāvaṃ gameyyā ti tandiṃ māyaṃ hassaṃ khiḍḍaṃ, methunaṃ vippajahe savibhūsaṃ.
Tenāha Bhagavā—
“Niddaṃ na bahulīkareyya, jāgariyaṃ bhajeyya ātāpī;
Tandiṃ māyaṃ hassaṃ khiḍḍaṃ, methunaṃ vippajahe savibhūsan” ti
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Āthabbaṇaṃ supinaṃ lakkhaṇaṃ, no vidahe atho pi nakkhattaṃ;
Virutañ ca gabbhakaraṇaṃ, tikicchaṃ māmako na seveyya.
Āthabbaṇaṃ supinaṃ lakkhaṇaṃ, no vidahe atho pi nakkhattan ti. Āthabbaṇikā āthabbaṇaṃ payojenti, nagare vā ruddhe saṅgāme vā paccupaṭṭhite parasenapaccatthikesu paccāmittesu ītiṃ uppādenti, upaddavaṃ uppādenti, rogaṃ uppādenti, pajjarakaṃ karonti, sūlaṃ karonti, visūcikaṃ karonti, pakkhandikaṃ karonti. Evaṃ āthabbaṇikā āthabbaṇaṃ payojenti.
Supinapāṭhakā supinaṃ ādisanti, yo pubbaṇhasamayaṃ supinaṃ passati, evaṃ vipāko hoti. Yo majjhanhikasamayaṃ supinaṃ passati, evaṃ vipāko hoti. Yo sāyanhasamayaṃ supinaṃ passati, evaṃ vipāko hoti. Yo purime yāme … yo majjhime yāme … yo pacchime yāme … yo dakkhiṇena passena nipanno … yo vāmena passena nipanno … yo uttānaṃ nipanno … yo avakujja nipanno … yo candaṃ passati … yo sūriyaṃ passati … yo mahāsamuddaṃ passati … yo sineruṃ pabbatarājānaṃ passati … yo hatthiṃ passati … yo assaṃ passati … yo rathaṃ passati … yo pattiṃ passati … yo senābyūhaṃ passati … yo ārāmarāmaṇeyyakaṃ passati … yo vanarāmaṇeyyakaṃ passati … yo bhūmirāmaṇeyyakaṃ passati … yo pokkharaṇīrāmaṇeyyakaṃ passati, evaṃ vipāko hotī ti. Evaṃ supinapāṭhakā supinaṃ ādisanti.
Lakkhaṇapāṭhakā lakkhaṇaṃ ādisanti maṇilakkhaṇaṃ daṇḍalakkhaṇaṃ vatthalakkhaṇaṃ asilakkhaṇaṃ usulakkhaṇaṃ dhanulakkhaṇaṃ āvudhalakkhaṇaṃ itthilakkhaṇaṃ purisalakkhaṇaṃ kumārikālakkhaṇaṃ kumāralakkhaṇaṃ dāsilakkhaṇaṃ dāsalakkhaṇaṃ hatthilakkhaṇaṃ assalakkhaṇaṃ mahiṃsalakkhaṇaṃ usabhalakkhaṇaṃ goṇalakkhaṇaṃ ajalakkhaṇaṃ meṇḍalakkhaṇaṃ kukkuṭalakkhaṇaṃ vaṭṭalakkhaṇaṃ godhālakkhaṇaṃ kaṇṇikālakkhaṇaṃ kacchapalakkhaṇaṃ migalakkhaṇaṃ iti vāti. Evaṃ lakkhaṇapāṭhakā lakkhaṇaṃ ādisanti.
Nakkhattapāṭhakā nakkhattaṃ ādisanti. Aṭṭhavīsati nakkhattāni. Iminā nakkhattena gharappaveso kattabbo, iminā nakkhattena makuṭaṃ bandhitabbaṃ, iminā nakkhattena vāreyyaṃ kāretabbaṃ, iminā nakkhattena bījanīhāro kattabbo, iminā nakkhattena saṃvāso gantabboti. Evaṃ nakkhattapāṭhakā nakkhattaṃ ādisanti.
Āthabbaṇaṃ supinaṃ lakkhaṇaṃ, no vidahe atho pi nakkhattan ti. Āthabbaṇañca supinañca lakkhaṇañca nakkhattañ ca no vidaheyya na careyya na samācareyya na samādāya vatteyya. Atha vā na gaṇheyya na uggaṇheyya na dhāreyya na upadhāreyya na upalakkheyya nappayojeyyā ti āthabbaṇaṃ supinaṃ lakkhaṇaṃ, no vidahe atho pi nakkhattaṃ.
Virutañ ca gabbhakaraṇaṃ, tikicchaṃ māmako na seveyyā ti. Virutaṃ vuccati migavākkaṃ. Migavākkapāṭhakā migavākkaṃ ādisanti sakuntānaṃ vā catuppadānaṃ vā rutaṃ vassitaṃ jānantī ti. Evaṃ migavākkapāṭhakā migavākkaṃ ādisanti. Gabbhakaraṇīyā gabbhaṃ saṇṭhāpenti. Dvīhi kāraṇehi gabbho na saṇṭhāti pāṇakehi vā vātakuppehi vā. Pāṇakānaṃ vā vātakuppānaṃ vā paṭighātāya osadhaṃ dentī ti. Evaṃ gabbhakaraṇīyā gabbhaṃ saṇṭhāpenti. Tikicchā ti pañca tikicchā— sālākiyaṃ, sallakattiyaṃ, kāyatikicchaṃ, bhūtiyaṃ, komārabhaccaṃ. Māmako ti buddhamāmako dhammamāmako saṅghamāmako, so vā Bhagavantaṃ mamāyati Bhagavā vā taṃ puggalaṃ pariggaṇhāti. Vuttañ h’etaṃ Bhagavatā— “ye te, bhikkhave, bhikkhū kuhā thaddhā lapā siṅgī unnaḷā asamāhitā na me te, bhikkhave, bhikkhū māmakā, apagatā ca te, bhikkhave, bhikkhū imasmā dhammavinayā, na ca te bhikkhū imasmiṃ dhammavinaye vuddhiṃ virūḷhiṃ vepullaṃ āpajjanti. Ye ca kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhū nikkuhā nillapā dhīrā atthaddhā susamāhitā te kho me, bhikkhave, bhikkhū māmakā na ca apagatā te, bhikkhave, bhikkhū imasmā dhammavinayā, te ca bhikkhū imasmiṃ dhammavinaye vuddhiṃ virūḷhiṃ vepullaṃ āpajjanti.
Kuhā thaddhā lapā siṅgī, unnaḷā asamāhitā;
Na te dhamme virūhanti, sammāsambuddhadesite
Nikkuhā nillapā dhīrā, atthaddhā susamāhitā;
Te ve dhamme virūhanti, sammāsambuddhadesite”
Virutañ ca gabbhakaraṇaṃ, tikicchaṃ māmako na seveyyā ti. Virutañ ca gabbhakaraṇañca tikicchañca māmako na seveyya na niseveyya na saṃseveyya nappaṭiseveyya na careyya na samācareyya na samādāya vatteyya. Atha vā na gaṇheyya na uggaṇheyya na dhāreyya na upadhāreyya na upalakkheyya nappayojeyyā ti virutañ ca gabbhakaraṇaṃ tikicchaṃ māmako na seveyya.
Tenāha Bhagavā—
“Āthabbaṇaṃ supinaṃ lakkhaṇaṃ, no vidahe atho pi nakkhattaṃ;
Virutañ ca gabbhakaraṇaṃ, tikicchaṃ māmako na seveyyā” ti
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Nindāya nappavedheyya, na unnameyya pasaṃsito bhikkhu;
Lobhaṃ saha macchariyena, kodhaṃ pesuṇiyañca panudeyya.
Nindāya nappavedheyyā ti. Idhekacce bhikkhū nindanti jātiyā vā gottena vā kolaputtiyena vā vaṇṇapokkharatāya vā dhanena vā ajjhenena vā kammāyatanena vā sippāyatanena vā vijjāṭṭhānena vā sutena vā paṭibhānena vā aññataraññatarena vā vatthunā nindanti garahanti upavadanti, nindito garahito upavadito nindāya garahāya upavādena akittiyā avaṇṇahārikāya na vedheyya nappavedheyya na sampavedheyya na taseyya na uttaseyya na paritaseyya na bhāyeyya na santāsaṃ āpajjeyya, abhīrū assa achambhī anutrāsī apalāyī, pahīnabhayabheravo vigatalomahaṃso vihareyyā ti nindāya nappavedheyya.
Na unnameyya pasaṃsito bhikkhū ti. Idhekacce bhikkhū pasaṃsanti jātiyā vā gottena vā kolaputtiyena vā vaṇṇapokkharatāya vā dhanena vā ajjhenena vā kammāyatanena vā sippāyatanena vā vijjāṭṭhānena vā sutena vā paṭibhānena vā aññataraññatarena vā vatthunā pasaṃsanti thomenti kittenti vaṇṇenti, pasaṃsito thomito kittito vaṇṇito pasaṃsāya thomanena kittiyā vaṇṇahārikāya unnatiṃ na kareyya unnamaṃ na kareyya mānaṃ na kareyya thambhaṃ na kareyya, na tena mānaṃ janeyya na tena thaddho assa patthaddho paggahitasiro ti na unnameyya pasaṃsito bhikkhu.
Lobhaṃ saha macchariyena, kodhaṃ pesuṇiyañca panudeyyā ti. Lobho ti yo lobho lubbhanā lubbhitattaṃ sārāgo sārajjanā sārajjitattaṃ abhijjhā lobho akusalamūlaṃ. Macchariyan ti pañca macchariyāni— āvāsamacchariyaṃ …pe… gāho vuccati macchariyaṃ. Kodho ti yo cittassa āghāto paṭighāto paṭighaṃ paṭivirodho, kopo pakopo sampakopo, doso padoso sampadoso, cittassa byāpatti manopadoso, kodho kujjhanā kujjhitattaṃ, doso dussanā dussitattaṃ, byāpatti byāpajjanā byāpajjitattaṃ, virodho paṭivirodho caṇḍikkaṃ asuropo anattamanatā cittassa. Pesuññan ti idhekacco pisuṇavāco hoti ito sutvā amutra akkhātā imesaṃ bhedāya, amutra vā sutvā imesaṃ akkhātā amūsaṃ bhedāya. Iti samaggānaṃ vā bhettā bhinnānaṃ vā anuppadātā, vaggārāmo vaggarato vagganandī vaggakaraṇiṃ vācaṃ bhāsitā ho ti idaṃ vuccati pesuññaṃ.
Api ca dvīhi kāraṇehi pesuññaṃ upasaṃharati piyakamyatāya vā bhedādhippāyena vā. Kathaṃ piyakamyatāya pesuññaṃ upasaṃharati? Imassa piyo bhavissāmi manāpo bhavissāmi vissāsiko bhavissāmi abbhantariko bhavissāmi suhadayo bhavissāmīti. Evaṃ piyakamyatāya pesuññaṃ upasaṃharati. Kathaṃ bhedādhippāyena pesuññaṃ upasaṃharati? Kathaṃ ime nānā assu vinā assu vaggā assu dvidhā assu dvejjhā assu dve pakkhā assu bhijjheyyuṃ na samāgaccheyyuṃ dukkhaṃ na phāsu vihareyyunti. Evaṃ bhedādhippāyena pesuññaṃ upasaṃharati. Lobhaṃ saha macchariyena, kodhaṃ pesuṇiyañca panudeyyā ti. Lobhañca macchariyañca kodhañca pesuññañca nudeyya panudeyya pajaheyya vinodeyya byantiṃ kareyya anabhāvaṃ gameyyā ti lobhaṃ saha macchariyena, kodhaṃ pesuṇiyañca panudeyya.
Tenāha Bhagavā—
“Nindāya nappavedheyya, na unnameyya pasaṃsito bhikkhu;
Lobhaṃ saha macchariyena, kodhaṃ pesuṇiyañca panudeyyā” ti
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Kayavikkaye na tiṭṭheyya, upavādaṃ bhikkhu na kareyya kuhiñci;
Gāme ca nābhisajjeyya, lābhakamyā janaṃ na lapayeyya.
Kayavikkaye na tiṭṭheyyā ti. Ye kayavikkayā vinaye paṭikkhittā na te imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā. Kathaṃ kayavikkaye tiṭṭhati? Pañcannaṃ saddhiṃ pattaṃ vā cīvaraṃ vā aññaṃ vā kiñci parikkhāraṃ vañcaniyaṃ vā karonto udayaṃ vā patthayanto parivatteti. Evaṃ kayavikkaye tiṭṭhati. Kathaṃ kayavikkaye na tiṭṭhati? Pañcannaṃ saddhiṃ pattaṃ vā cīvaraṃ vā aññaṃ vā kiñci parikkhāraṃ na vañcaniyaṃ vā karonto na udayaṃ vā patthayanto parivatteti. Evaṃ kayavikkaye na tiṭṭhati. Kayavikkaye na tiṭṭheyyā ti. Kayavikkaye na tiṭṭheyya na santiṭṭheyya, kayavikkayaṃ pajaheyya vinodeyya byantiṃ kareyya anabhāvaṃ gameyya, kayavikkayā ārato assa virato paṭivirato nikkhanto nissaṭo vippamutto visaññutto vimariyādikatena cetasā vihareyyā ti kayavikkaye na tiṭṭheyya.
Upavādaṃ bhikkhu na kareyya kuhiñcī ti. Katame upavādakarāti kilesā? Santeke samaṇabrāhmaṇā iddhimanto dibbacakkhukā paracittaviduno, te dūrato pi passanti āsannāpi na dissanti cetasāpi cittaṃ pajānanti, devatāpi kho santi iddhimantiniyo dibbacakkhukā paracittaviduniyo, tā dūrato pi passanti, āsannāpi na dissanti cetasāpi cittaṃ pajānanti. Te oḷārikehi vā kilesehi majjhimehi vā kilesehi sukhumehi vā kilesehi upavadeyyuṃ. Katame oḷārikā kilesā? Kāyaduccaritaṃ vacīduccaritaṃ manoduccaritaṃ— ime vuccanti oḷārikā kilesā. Katame majjhimā kilesā? Kāmavitakko byāpādavitakko vihiṃsāvitakko— ime vuccanti majjhimā kilesā. Katame sukhumā kilesā? Ñātivitakko, janapadavitakko, amaravitakko, parānudayatā paṭisaññutto vitakko, lābhasakkārasilokapaṭisaññutto vitakko, anavaññattipaṭisaññutto vitakko— ime vuccanti sukhumā kilesā. Te oḷārikehi vā kilesehi majjhimehi vā kilesehi sukhumehi vā kilesehi na upavadeyya upavādaṃ na kareyya upavādakare kilese na kareyya na janeyya na sañjaneyya na nibbatteyya nābhinibbatteyya, upavādakare kilese pajaheyya vinodeyya byantiṃ kareyya anabhāvaṃ gameyya, upavādakarehi kilesehi ārato assa virato paṭivirato nikkhanto nissaṭo vippamutto visaññutto vimariyādikatena cetasā vihareyya. Kuhiñcī ti kuhiñci kimhici katthaci ajjhattaṃ vā bahiddhā vā ajjhattabahiddhā vāti upavādaṃ bhikkhu na kareyya kuhiñci.
Gāme ca nābhisajjeyyā ti. Kathaṃ gāme sajjati? Idha bhikkhu gāme gihīhi saṃsaṭṭho viharati sahanandī sahasokī sukhitesu sukhito dukkhitesu dukkhito, uppannesu kiccakaraṇīyesu attanā voyogaṃ āpajjati. Evam pi gāme sajjati.
Atha vā bhikkhu pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya gāmaṃ vā nigamaṃ vā piṇḍāya pavisati arakkhiten’eva kāyena arakkhitāya vācāya arakkhitena cittena anupaṭṭhitāya satiyā asaṃvutehi indriyehi. So tatra tatra sajjati tatra tatra gaṇhāti tatra tatra bajjhati tatra tatra anayabyasanaṃ āpajjati. Evam pi gāme sajjati.
Kathaṃ gāme na sajjati? Idha bhikkhu gāme gihīhi asaṃsaṭṭho viharati na sahanandī na sahasokī na sukhitesu sukhito na dukkhitesu dukkhito, uppannesu kiccakaraṇīyesu na attanā voyogaṃ āpajjati. Evam pi gāme na sajjati.
Atha vā bhikkhu pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya gāmaṃ vā nigamaṃ vā piṇḍāya pavisati rakkhiten’eva kāyena rakkhitāya vācāya rakkhitena cittena upaṭṭhitāya satiyā saṃvutehi indriyehi. So tatra tatra na sajjati tatra tatra na gaṇhāti tatra tatra na bajjhati tatra tatra na anayabyasanaṃ āpajjati. Evam pi gāme na sajjati. Gāme ca nābhisajjeyyā ti gāme na sajjeyya na gaṇheyya na bajjheyya na palibajjheyya, agiddho assa agadhito amucchito anajjhosanno vītagedho vigatagedho cattagedho …pe… brahmabhūtena attanā vihareyyā ti gāme ca nābhisajjeyya.
Lābhakamyā janaṃ na lapayeyyā ti. Katamā lapanā? Lābhasakkārasilokasannissitassa pāpicchassa icchāpakatassa āmisacakkhukassa lokadhammagarukassa yā paresaṃ ālapanā lapanā sallapanā ullapanā samullapanā unnahanā samunnahanā ukkācanā samukkācanā anupiyabhāṇitā cāṭukamyatā muggasūpyatā pāribhaṭyatā parapiṭṭhimaṃsikatā, yā tattha saṇhavācatā sakhilavācatā sithilavācatā apharusavācatā— ayaṃ vuccati lapanā.
Api ca dvīhi kāraṇehi janaṃ lapati attānaṃ vā nīcaṃ ṭhapento paraṃ uccaṃ ṭhapento janaṃ lapati, attānaṃ vā uccaṃ ṭhapento paraṃ nīcaṃ ṭhapento janaṃ lapati. Kathaṃ attānaṃ nīcaṃ ṭhapento paraṃ uccaṃ ṭhapento janaṃ lapati? “Tumhe me bahūpakārā, ahaṃ tumhe nissāya labhāmi cīvarapiṇḍapātasenāsanagilānapaccayabhesajjaparikkhāraṃ, yepi me aññe dātuṃ vā kātuṃ vā maññanti, tumhe nissāya tumhe sampassantā yampi me purāṇaṃ mātāpettikaṃ nāmadheyyaṃ tam pi me antarahitaṃ. Tumhehi ahaṃ ñāyāmi asukassa kulūpako asukāya kulūpako” ti. Evaṃ attānaṃ nīcaṃ ṭhapento paraṃ uccaṃ ṭhapento janaṃ lapati.
Kathaṃ attānaṃ uccaṃ ṭhapento paraṃ nīcaṃ ṭhapento janaṃ lapati? “Ahaṃ tumhākaṃ bahūpakāro, tumhe maṃ āgamma buddhaṃ saraṇaṃ gatā, dhammaṃ saraṇaṃ gatā, saṅghaṃ saraṇaṃ gatā, pāṇātipātā paṭiviratā, adinnādānā paṭiviratā, kāmesumicchācārā paṭiviratā, musāvādā paṭiviratā, surāmerayamajjappamādaṭṭhānā paṭiviratā. Ahaṃ tumhākaṃ uddesaṃ demi, paripucchaṃ demi, uposathaṃ ācikkhāmi, navakammaṃ adhiṭṭhāmi. Atha pana tumhe maṃ ujjhitvā aññe sakkarotha garuṃ karotha mānetha pūjethā” ti. Evaṃ attānaṃ uccaṃ ṭhapento paraṃ nīcaṃ ṭhapento janaṃ lapati.
Lābhakamyā janaṃ na lapayeyyā ti. Lābhahetu lābhapaccayā lābhakāraṇā lābhābhinibbattiyā lābhaṃ paripācento janaṃ na lapayeyya, lapanaṃ pajaheyya vinodeyya byantiṃ kareyya anabhāvaṃ gameyya, lapanā ārato assa virato paṭivirato nikkhanto nissaṭo vippamutto visaññutto vimariyādikatena cetasā vihareyyā ti lābhakamyā janaṃ na lapayeyya.
Tenāha Bhagavā—
“Kayavikkaye na tiṭṭheyya, upavādaṃ bhikkhu na kareyya kuhiñci;
Gāme ca nābhisajjeyya, lābhakamyā janaṃ na lapayeyyā” ti
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Na ca katthiko siyā bhikkhu, na ca vācaṃ payuttaṃ bhāseyya;
Pāgabbhiyaṃ na sikkheyya, kathaṃ viggāhikaṃ na kathayeyya.
Na ca katthiko siyā bhikkhū ti. Idh’ekacco katthī hoti vikatthī. So katthati vikatthati aham asmi sīlasampannoti vā vatasampannoti vā sīlabbatasampannoti vā jātiyā vā gottena vā kolaputtiyena vā vaṇṇapokkharatāya vā dhanena vā ajjhenena vā kammāyatanena vā sippāyatanena vā vijjāṭṭhānena vā sutena vā paṭibhānena vā aññataraññatarena vā vatthunā. Uccā kulā pabbajito ti vā mahābhogakulā pabbajito ti vā uḷārabhogakulā pabbajito ti vā …pe… suttantikoti vā vinayadharoti vā dhammakathikoti vā āraññikoti vā …pe… nevasaññānāsaññāyatanasamāpattiyā lābhīti vā katthati vikatthati. Evaṃ na kattheyya na vikattheyya, katthaṃ pajaheyya vinodeyya byantiṃ kareyya anabhāvaṃ gameyya, katthanā ārato assa virato paṭivirato nikkhanto nissaṭo vippamutto visaññutto vimariyādikatena cetasā vihareyyā ti na ca katthiko siyā bhikkhu.
Na ca vācaṃ payuttaṃ bhāseyyā ti. Katamā payuttavācā? Idh’ekacco cīvarapayuttaṃ vācaṃ bhāsati, piṇḍapātapayuttaṃ vācaṃ bhāsati, senāsanapayuttaṃ vācaṃ bhāsati, gilānapaccayabhesajjaparikkhārapayuttaṃ vācaṃ bhāsati ayam pi vuccati payuttavācā.
Atha vā cīvarahetu piṇḍapātahetu senāsanahetu gilānapaccayabhesajjaparikkhārahetu saccampi bhaṇati musāpi bhaṇati, pisuṇampi bhaṇati apisuṇampi bhaṇati, pharusam pi bhaṇati apharusam pi bhaṇati, samphappalāpam pi bhaṇati asamphappalāpam pi bhaṇati, mantāpi vācaṃ bhāsati ayam pi vuccati payuttavācā. Atha vā pasannacitto paresaṃ dhammaṃ deseti “aho vata me dhammaṃ suṇeyyuṃ, sutvāva dhammaṃ pasīdeyyuṃ, pasannā ca me pasannākāraṃ kareyyun” ti ayaṃ vuccati payuttavācā. Na ca vācaṃ payuttaṃ bhāseyyā ti. Antamaso dhammadesanaṃ vācaṃ upādāya payuttavācaṃ na bhāseyya na katheyya na bhaṇeyya na dīpeyya na vohareyya, payuttaṃ vācaṃ pajaheyya vinodeyya byantiṃ kareyya anabhāvaṃ gameyya, payuttavācāya ārato assa virato paṭivirato nikkhanto nissaṭo vippamutto visaññutto vimariyādikatena cetasā vihareyyā ti na ca vācaṃ payuttaṃ bhāseyya.
Pāgabbhiyaṃ na sikkheyyā ti. Pāgabbhiyan ti tīṇi pāgabbhiyāni— kāyikaṃ pāgabbhiyaṃ, vācasikaṃ pāgabbhiyaṃ, cetasikaṃ pāgabbhiyaṃ. Katamaṃ kāyikaṃ pāgabbhiyaṃ? Idh’ekacco saṅghagato pi kāyikaṃ pāgabbhiyaṃ dasseti, gaṇagato pi kāyikaṃ pāgabbhiyaṃ dasseti, bhojanasālāyampi kāyikaṃ pāgabbhiyaṃ dasseti, jantāgharepi kāyikaṃ pāgabbhiyaṃ dasseti, udakatitthepi kāyikaṃ pāgabbhiyaṃ dasseti, antaragharaṃ pavisanto pi kāyikaṃ pāgabbhiyaṃ dasseti, antaragharaṃ paviṭṭho pi kāyikaṃ pāgabbhiyaṃ dasseti.
Kathaṃ saṅghagato kāyikaṃ pāgabbhiyaṃ dasseti? Idh’ekacco saṅghagato acittīkārakato there bhikkhū ghaṭṭayanto pi tiṭṭhati, ghaṭṭayanto pi nisīdati, purato pi tiṭṭhati, purato pi nisīdati, uccepi āsane nisīdati, sasīsaṃ pārupitvā nisīdati, ṭhitako pi bhaṇati, bāhāvikkhepako pi bhaṇati. Evaṃ saṅghagato kāyikaṃ pāgabbhiyaṃ dasseti.
Kathaṃ gaṇagato kāyikaṃ pāgabbhiyaṃ dasseti? Idh’ekacco gaṇagato acittīkārakato therānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ anupāhanānaṃ caṅkamantānaṃ saupāhano caṅkamati, nīce caṅkame caṅkamantānaṃ ucce caṅkame caṅkamati, chamāya caṅkamantānaṃ caṅkame caṅkamati, ghaṭṭayanto pi tiṭṭhati, ghaṭṭayanto pi nisīdati, purato pi tiṭṭhati, purato pi nisīdati, uccepi āsane nisīdati, sasīsaṃ pārupitvāpi nisīdati, ṭhito pi bhaṇati, bāhāvikkhepako pi bhaṇati. Evaṃ gaṇagato kāyikaṃ pāgabbhiyaṃ dasseti.
Kathaṃ bhojanasālāyaṃ kāyikaṃ pāgabbhiyaṃ dasseti? Idh’ekacco bhojanasālāyaṃ acittīkārakato there bhikkhū anupakhajja nisīdati, navepi bhikkhū āsanena paṭibāhati, ghaṭṭayanto pi tiṭṭhati, ghaṭṭayanto pi nisīdati, purato pi tiṭṭhati, purato pi nisīdati, uccepi āsane nisīdati, sasīsaṃ pārupitvā nisīdati, ṭhitako pi bhaṇati, bāhāvikkhepako pi bhaṇati. Evaṃ bhojanasālāyaṃ kāyikaṃ pāgabbhiyaṃ dasseti.
Kathaṃ jantāghare kāyikaṃ pāgabbhiyaṃ dasseti? Idh’ekacco jantāghare acittīkārakato there bhikkhū ghaṭṭayanto pi tiṭṭhati, ghaṭṭayanto pi nisīdati, purato pi tiṭṭhati, purato pi nisīdati, uccepi āsane nisīdati, anāpucchāpi kaṭṭhaṃ pakkhipati, anāpucchāpi dvāraṃ pidahati. Evaṃ jantāghare kāyikaṃ pāgabbhiyaṃ dasseti.
Kathaṃ udakatitthe kāyikaṃ pāgabbhiyaṃ dasseti? Idh’ekacco udakatitthe acittīkārakato there bhikkhū ghaṭṭayanto pi otarati, purato pi otarati, ghaṭṭayanto pi nhāyati, purato pi nhāyati, uparito pi nhāyati, ghaṭṭayanto pi uttarati, purato pi uttarati, uparito pi uttarati. Evaṃ udakatitthe kāyikaṃ pāgabbhiyaṃ dasseti.
Kathaṃ antaragharaṃ pavisanto kāyikaṃ pāgabbhiyaṃ dasseti? Idh’ekacco antaragharaṃ pavisanto acittīkārakato there bhikkhū ghaṭṭayanto pi gacchati, purato pi gacchati, vokkammāpi therānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ purato gacchati. Evaṃ antaragharaṃ pavisanto kāyikaṃ pāgabbhiyaṃ dasseti.
Kathaṃ antaragharaṃ paviṭṭho kāyikaṃ pāgabbhiyaṃ dasseti? Idh’ekacco antaragharaṃ paviṭṭho “na pavisa, bhante” ti vuccamāno pavisati, “na tiṭṭha, bhante” ti vuccamāno tiṭṭhati, “na nisīda, bhante” ti vuccamāno nisīdati, anokāsam pi pavisati, anokāsepi tiṭṭhati, anokāsepi nisīdati, yānipi tāni honti kulānaṃ ovarakāni gūḷhāni ca paṭicchannāni ca, yattha kulitthiyo kuladhītaro kulasuṇhāyo kulakumāriyo nisīdanti tatthapi sahasā pavisati, kumārakassapi sīsaṃ parāmasati. Evaṃ antaragharaṃ paviṭṭho kāyikaṃ pāgabbhiyaṃ dasseti idaṃ kāyikaṃ pāgabbhiyaṃ.
Katamaṃ vācasikaṃ pāgabbhiyaṃ? Idh’ekacco saṅghagato pi vācasikaṃ pāgabbhiyaṃ dasseti, gaṇagato pi vācasikaṃ pāgabbhiyaṃ dasseti, antaragharaṃ paviṭṭho pi vācasikaṃ pāgabbhiyaṃ dasseti. Kathaṃ saṅghagato vācasikaṃ pāgabbhiyaṃ dasseti? Idh’ekacco saṅghagato acittīkārakato there bhikkhū anāpucchaṃ vā anajjhiṭṭho vā ārāmagatānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ dhammaṃ bhaṇati, pañhaṃ visajjeti, pātimokkhaṃ uddisati, ṭhitako pi bhaṇati, bāhāvikkhepako pi bhaṇati. Evaṃ saṅghagato vācasikaṃ pāgabbhiyaṃ dasseti.
Kathaṃ gaṇagato vācasikaṃ pāgabbhiyaṃ dasseti? Idh’ekacco gaṇagato acittīkārakato there bhikkhū anāpucchaṃ vā anajjhiṭṭho vā ārāmagatānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ dhammaṃ bhaṇati, pañhaṃ visajjeti, ṭhitako pi bhaṇati, bāhāvikkhepako pi bhaṇati; ārāmagatānaṃ bhikkhunīnaṃ upāsakānaṃ upāsikānaṃ dhammaṃ bhaṇati, pañhaṃ visajjeti, ṭhitako pi bhaṇati, bāhāvikkhepako pi bhaṇati. Evaṃ gaṇagato vācasikaṃ pāgabbhiyaṃ dasseti.
Kathaṃ antaragharaṃ paviṭṭho vācasikaṃ pāgabbhiyaṃ dasseti? Idh’ekacco antaragharaṃ paviṭṭho itthiṃ vā kumāriṃ vā evam āha— “itthannāme itthaṅgotte kiṃ atthi? Yāgu atthi, bhattaṃ atthi, khādanīyaṃ atthi? Kiṃ pivissāma, kiṃ bhuñjissāma, kiṃ khādissāma, kiṃ vā atthi, kiṃ vā me dassathā” ti vippalapati. Evaṃ antaragharaṃ paviṭṭho vācasikaṃ pāgabbhiyaṃ dasseti idaṃ vācasikaṃ pāgabbhiyaṃ.
Katamaṃ cetasikaṃ pāgabbhiyaṃ? Idh’ekacco na uccā kulā pabbajito samāno uccā kulā pabbajitena saddhiṃ sadisaṃ attānaṃ karoti cittena, na mahābhogakulā pabbajito samāno mahābhogakulā pabbajitena saddhiṃ sadisaṃ attānaṃ karoti cittena, na uḷārabhogakulā pabbajito samāno uḷārabhogakulā pabbajitena saddhiṃ sadisaṃ attānaṃ karoti cittena, na suttantiko samāno suttantikena saddhiṃ sadisaṃ attānaṃ karoti cittena, na vinayadharo samāno … na dhammakathiko samāno … na āraññiko samāno … na piṇḍapātiko samāno … na paṃsukūliko samāno … na tecīvariko samāno … na sapadānacāriko samāno … na khalupacchābhattiko samāno … na nesajjiko samāno … na yathāsanthatiko samāno yathāsanthatikena saddhiṃ sadisaṃ attānaṃ karoti cittena, na paṭhamassa jhānassa lābhī samāno paṭhamassa jhānassa lābhinā saddhiṃ sadisaṃ attānaṃ karoti cittena, na dutiyassa jhānassa … na tatiyassa jhānassa … na catutthassa jhānassa lābhī samāno … na ākāsānañcāyatanasamāpattiyā lābhī samāno … na viññāṇañcāyatanasamāpattiyā … na ākiñcaññāyatanasamāpattiyā … na nevasaññānāsaññāyatanasamāpattiyā lābhī samāno nevasaññānāsaññāyatanasamāpattiyā lābhinā saddhiṃ sadisaṃ attānaṃ karoti cittena— idaṃ cetasikaṃ pāgabbhiyaṃ. Na sikkheyyā ti pāgabbhiyaṃ na sikkheyya na careyya na ācareyya na samācareyya na samādāya vatteyya, pāgabbhiyaṃ pajaheyya vinodeyya byantiṃ kareyya anabhāvaṃ gameyya, pāgabbhiyā ārato assa virato paṭivirato nikkhanto nissaṭo vippamutto visaññutto vimariyādikatena cetasā vihareyyā ti pāgabbhiyaṃ na sikkheyya.
Kathaṃ viggāhikaṃ na kathayeyyā ti. Katamā viggāhikā kathā? Idh’ekacco evarūpiṃ kathaṃ kattā ho ti “na tvaṃ imaṃ dhammavinayaṃ ājānāsi …pe… nibbeṭhehi vā sace pahosī” ti. Vuttañ h’etaṃ Bhagavatā— “viggāhikāya kho, moggallāna, kathāya sati kathābāhullaṃ pāṭikaṅkhaṃ, kathābāhulle sati uddhaccaṃ, uddhatassa asaṃvaro, asaṃvutassa ārā cittaṃ samādhimhā” ti. Kathaṃ viggāhikaṃ na kathayeyyā ti. Viggāhikaṃ kathaṃ na katheyya na bhaṇeyya na dīpeyya na vohareyya, viggāhikaṃ kathaṃ pajaheyya vinodeyya byantiṃ kareyya anabhāvaṃ gameyya, viggāhikakathāya ārato assa virato paṭivirato nikkhanto nissaṭo vippamutto visaññutto vimariyādikatena cetasā vihareyyā ti kathaṃ viggāhikaṃ na kathayeyya.
Tenāha Bhagavā—
“Na ca katthiko siyā bhikkhu, na ca vācaṃ payuttaṃ bhāseyya;
Pāgabbhiyaṃ na sikkheyya, kathaṃ viggāhikaṃ na kathayeyyā” ti
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Mosavajje na niyyetha, sampajāno saṭhāni na kayirā;
Atha jīvitena paññāya, sīlabbatena nāññamatimaññe.
Mosavajje na niyyethā ti. Mosavajjaṃ vuccati musāvādo. Idh’ekacco sabhaggato vā parisaggato vā …pe… āmisakiñcikkhahetu vā sampajānamusā bhāsitā ho ti idaṃ vuccati mosavajjaṃ. Api ca tīhākārehi musāvādo ho ti pubbevassa hoti “musā bhaṇissan” ti, bhaṇantassa hoti “musā bhaṇāmī” ti, bhaṇitassa hoti “musā mayā bhaṇitan” ti, imehi tīhākārehi musāvādo hoti. Api ca catūhākārehi … pañcahākārehi … chahākārehi … sattahākārehi … aṭṭhahākārehi … musāvādo ho ti pubbevassa hoti “musā bhaṇissan” ti, bhaṇantassa hoti “musā bhaṇāmī” ti, bhaṇitassa hoti “musā mayā bhaṇitan” ti vinidhāya diṭṭhiṃ vinidhāya khantiṃ vinidhāya ruciṃ vinidhāya saññaṃ vinidhāya bhāvaṃ— imehi aṭṭhahākārehi musāvādo hoti. Mosavajje na niyyethā ti. Mosavajje na yāyeyya na niyyāyeyya na vaheyya na saṃhareyya, mosavajjaṃ pajaheyya vinodeyya byantiṃ kareyya anabhāvaṃ gameyya, mosavajjā ārato assa virato paṭivirato nikkhanto nissaṭo vippamutto visaññutto vimariyādikatena cetasā vihareyyā ti mosavajje na niyyetha.
Sampajāno saṭhāni na kayirā ti. Katamaṃ sāṭheyyaṃ? Idh’ekacco saṭho hoti parisaṭho, yaṃ tattha saṭhaṃ saṭhatā sāṭheyyaṃ kakkaratā kakkariyaṃ parikkhattatā pārikkhattiyaṃ— idaṃ vuccati sāṭheyyaṃ. Sampajāno saṭhāni na kayirā ti. Sampajāno hutvā sāṭheyyaṃ na kareyya na janeyya na sañjaneyya na nibbatteyya nābhinibbatteyya, sāṭheyyaṃ pajaheyya vinodeyya byantiṃ kareyya anabhāvaṃ gameyya, sāṭheyyā ārato assa virato paṭivirato nikkhanto nissaṭo vippamutto visaññutto vimariyādikatena cetasā vihareyyā ti sampajāno saṭhāni na kayirā.
Atha jīvitena paññāya, sīlabbatena nāññamatimaññe ti. Athā ti padasandhi …pe… padānupubbatāpetaṃ— athāti. Idh’ekacco lūkhajīvitaṃ jīvanto paraṃ paṇītajīvitaṃ jīvantaṃ atimaññati “kiṃ panāyaṃ bahulājīvo sabbaṃ sambhakkheti, seyyathidaṃ— mūlabījaṃ khandhabījaṃ phaḷubījaṃ aggabījaṃ bījabījameva pañcamaṃ asanivicakkadantakūṭasamaṇappadhānenā” ti. So tāya lūkhajīvitāya paraṃ paṇītajīvitaṃ jīvantaṃ atimaññati.
Idh’ekacco paṇītajīvitaṃ jīvanto paraṃ lūkhajīvitaṃ jīvantaṃ atimaññati “kiṃ panāyaṃ appapuñño appesakkho na lābhī cīvarapiṇḍapātasenāsanagilānapaccayabhesajjaparikkhārānan” ti. So tāya paṇītajīvitāya paraṃ lūkhajīvitaṃ jīvantaṃ atimaññati. Idh’ekacco paññāsampanno hoti. So puṭṭho pañhaṃ visajjeti. Tassa evaṃ ho ti “aham asmi paññāsampanno, ime panaññe na paññāsampannā” ti. So tāya paññāsampadāya paraṃ atimaññati. Idh’ekacco sīlasampanno hoti, pātimokkhasaṃvarasaṃvuto viharati ācāragocarasampanno, aṇumattesu vajjesu bhayadassāvī, samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu. Tassa evaṃ ho ti “aham asmi sīlasampanno, ime panaññe bhikkhū dussīlā pāpadhammā” ti. So tāya sīlasampadāya paraṃ atimaññati. Idh’ekacco vatasampanno hoti āraññiko vā piṇḍapātiko vā paṃsukūliko vā tecīvariko vā sapadānacāriko vā khalupacchābhattiko vā nesajjiko vā yathāsanthatiko vā. Tassa evaṃ ho ti “aham asmi vatasampanno, ime panaññe na vatasampannā” ti. So tāya vatasampadāya paraṃ atimaññati. Atha jīvitena paññāya, sīlabbatena nāññamatimaññe ti. Lūkhajīvitāya vā paṇītajīvitāya vā paññāsampadāya vā sīlasampadāya vā vatasampadāya vā paraṃ nātimaññeyya, nāvajāneyya, na tena mānaṃ janeyya, na tena thaddho assa, patthaddho paggahitasiro ti atha jīvitena paññāya sīlabbatena nāññamatimaññe.
Tenāha Bhagavā—
“Mosavajje na niyyetha, sampajāno saṭhāni na kayirā;
Atha jīvitena paññāya, sīlabbatena nāññamatimaññe” ti
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Sutvā rusito bahuṃ vācaṃ, samaṇānaṃ vā puthujanānaṃ;
Pharusena ne na paṭivajjā, na hi santo paṭiseniṃ karonti.
Sutvā rusito bahuṃ vācaṃ, samaṇānaṃ puthujanānan ti. Rusito ti dūsito khuṃsito ghaṭṭito vambhito garahito upavadito. Samaṇānan ti ye keci ito bahiddhā paribbajūpagatā paribbajasamāpannā. Puthujanānan ti khattiyā ca brāhmaṇā ca vessā ca suddā ca gahaṭṭhā ca pabbajitā ca devā ca manussā ca, te bahukāhi vācāhi aniṭṭhāhi akantāhi amanāpāhi akkoseyyuṃ paribhāseyyuṃ roseyyuṃ viroseyyuṃ hiṃseyyuṃ vihiṃseyyuṃ heṭheyyuṃ viheṭheyyuṃ ghāteyyuṃ upaghāteyyuṃ upaghātaṃ kareyyuṃ tesaṃ bahuṃ vācaṃ aniṭṭhaṃ akantaṃ amanāpaṃ sutvā suṇitvā uggahitvā upadhārayitvā upalakkhayitvā ti sutvā rusito bahuṃ vācaṃ, samaṇānaṃ vā puthujanānaṃ.
Pharusena ne na paṭivajjā ti. Pharusenā ti pharusena kakkhaḷena na paṭivajjā nappaṭibhaṇeyya, akkosantaṃ na paccakkoseyya, rosantaṃ nappaṭiroseyya, bhaṇḍanaṃ nappaṭibhaṇḍeyya na kalahaṃ kareyya na bhaṇḍanaṃ kareyya na viggahaṃ kareyya na vivādaṃ kareyya na medhagaṃ kareyya, kalahabhaṇḍanaviggahavivādamedhagaṃ pajaheyya vinodeyya byantiṃ kareyya anabhāvaṃ gameyya, kalahabhaṇḍanaviggahavivādamedhagā ārato assa virato paṭivirato nikkhanto nissaṭo vippamutto visaññutto vimariyādikatena cetasā vihareyyā ti pharusena ne na paṭivajjā.
Na hi santo paṭiseniṃ karontī ti. Santo ti rāgassa santattā santo, dosassa … mohassa … kodhassa … upanāhassa …pe… sabbākusalābhisaṅkhārānaṃ santattā samitattā vūpasamitattā vijjhātattā nibbutattā vigatattā paṭipassaddhattā santo upasanto vūpasanto nibbuto paṭipassaddho ti santo. Na hi santo paṭiseniṃ karontī ti. Santo paṭiseniṃ paṭimallaṃ paṭikaṇṭakaṃ paṭipakkhaṃ na karonti na janenti na sañjanenti na nibbattenti nābhinibbattentī ti na hi santo paṭiseniṃ karonti.
Tenāha Bhagavā—
“Sutvā rusito bahuṃ vācaṃ, samaṇānaṃ vā puthujanānaṃ;
Pharusena ne na paṭivajjā, na hi santo paṭiseniṃ karontī” ti
168
Etañ ca dhammamaññāya, vicinaṃ bhikkhu sadā sato sikkhe;
Santī ti nibbutiṃ ñatvā, sāsane Gotamassa nappamajjeyya.
Etañ ca dhammamaññāyā ti. Etan ti ācikkhitaṃ desitaṃ paññapitaṃ paṭṭhapitaṃ vivaṭaṃ vibhattaṃ uttānīkataṃ pakāsitaṃ dhammaṃ aññāya jānitvā tulayitvā tīrayitvā vibhāvayitvā vibhūtaṃ katvāti. Evam pi Etañ ca dhammamaññāya. Atha vā samañca visamañca pathañca vipathañca sāvajjañca anavajjañca hīnañca paṇītañ ca kaṇhañca sukkañca viññūgarahitañ ca viññūpasatthañca dhammaṃ aññāya jānitvā tulayitvā tīrayitvā vibhāvayitvā vibhūtaṃ katvāti. Evam pi Etañ ca dhammamaññāya. Atha vā sammāpaṭipadaṃ anulomapaṭipadaṃ apaccanīkapaṭipadaṃ aviruddhapaṭipadaṃ anvatthapaṭipadaṃ dhammānudhammapaṭipadaṃ sīlesu paripūrakāritaṃ indriyesu guttadvārataṃ bhojane mattaññutaṃ jāgariyānuyogaṃ satisampajaññaṃ, cattāro satipaṭṭhāne cattāro sammappadhāne cattāro iddhipāde pañcindriyāni pañca balāni satta bojjhaṅge ariyaṃ aṭṭhaṅgikaṃ maggaṃ, nibbānañca nibbānagāminiñca paṭipadaṃ dhammaṃ aññāya jānitvā tulayitvā tīrayitvā vibhāvayitvā vibhūtaṃ katvāti. Evam pi tañ ca dhammamaññāya.
Vicinaṃ bhikkhu sadā sato sikkhe ti. Vicinan ti vicinanto pavicinanto tulayanto tīrayanto vibhāvayanto vibhūtaṃ karonto. “Sabbe saṅkhārā aniccā” ti …pe… “yaṃ kiñci samudayadhammaṃ sabbaṃ taṃ nirodhadhamman” ti vicinanto pavicinanto tulayanto tīrayanto vibhāvayanto vibhūtaṃ karonto ti vicinaṃ bhikkhu. Sadā ti sadā sabbadā sabbakālaṃ …pe… pacchime vayokhandhe. Sato ti catūhi kāraṇehi sato— kāye kāyānupassanāsatipaṭṭhānaṃ bhāvento sato …pe… so vuccati sato. Sikkhe ti tisso sikkhāyo— adhisīlasikkhā, adhicittasikkhā, adhipaññāsikkhā …pe… ayaṃ adhipaññāsikkhā. Imā tisso sikkhāyo āvajjanto sikkheyya …pe… sikkheyya ācareyya samācareyya samādāya vatteyyā ti vicinaṃ bhikkhu sadā sato sikkhe.
Santī ti nibbutiṃ ñatvā ti. Rāgassa nibbutiṃ santī ti ñatvā, dosassa … mohassa …pe… sabbākusalābhisaṅkhārānaṃ nibbutiṃ santī ti ñatvā jānitvā tulayitvā tīrayitvā vibhāvayitvā vibhūtaṃ katvā ti santī ti nibbutiṃ ñatvā.
Sāsane Gotamassa nappamajjeyyā ti. Gotamassa sāsane buddhasāsane jinasāsane Tathāgatasāsane devasāsane arahantasāsane. Nappamajjeyyā ti sakkaccakārī assa sātaccakārī aṭṭhitakārī anolīnavuttiko anikkhittacchando anikkhittadhuro kusalesu dhammesu. “Kadāhaṃ aparipūraṃ vā sīlakkhandhaṃ paripūreyyaṃ …pe… aparipūraṃ vā samādhikkhandhaṃ … paññākkhandhaṃ … vimuttikkhandhaṃ … vimuttiñāṇadassanakkhandhaṃ? Kadāhaṃ apariññātaṃ vā dukkhaṃ parijāneyyaṃ, appahīne vā kilese pajaheyyaṃ, abhāvitaṃ vā maggaṃ bhāveyyaṃ, asacchikataṃ vā nirodhaṃ sacchikareyyan” ti? Yo tattha chando ca vāyāmo ca ussāho ca ussoḷhī ca thāmo ca appaṭivānī ca sati ca sampajaññañca ātappaṃ padhānaṃ adhiṭṭhānaṃ anuyogo appamādo kusalesu dhammesūti sāsane Gotamassa nappamajjeyya.
Tenāha Bhagavā—
“Etañ ca dhammamaññāya, vicinaṃ bhikkhu sadā sato sikkhe;
Santī ti nibbutiṃ ñatvā, sāsane Gotamassa nappamajjeyyā” ti
169
Abhibhū hi so anabhibhūto, sakkhidhammamanītihamaddasi;
Tasmā hi tassa Bhagavato sāsane, appamatto sadā namassamanusikkhe. (iti Bhagavā.)
Abhibhū hi so anabhibhūto ti. Abhibhū ti rūpābhibhū saddābhibhū gandhābhibhū rasābhibhū phoṭṭhabbābhibhū dhammābhibhū, anabhibhūto kehici kilesehi, abhibhosi ne pāpake akusale dhamme saṅkilesike ponobhavike sadare dukkhavipāke āyatiṃ jātijarāmaraṇiyeti abhibhū hi so anabhibhūto.
Sakkhidhammamanītihamaddasī ti. Sakkhidhamman ti na itihitihaṃ na itikiriyāya na paramparāya na piṭakasampadāya na takkahetu na nayahetu na ākāraparivitakkena na diṭṭhinijjhānakkhantiyā sāmaṃ sayamabhiññātaṃ attapaccakkhadhammaṃ addasi addakkhi apassi paṭivijjhīti sakkhidhammamanītihamaddasi.
Tasmā hi tassa Bhagavato sāsane ti. Tasmā ti tasmā taṅkāraṇā taṃhetu tappaccayā taṃnidānā. Tassa Bhagavato sāsane ti. Tassa Bhagavato sāsane Gotamasāsane buddhasāsane jinasāsane Tathāgatasāsane devasāsane arahantasāsaneti tasmā tassa Bhagavato sāsane.
Appamatto sadā namassamanusikkhe (iti Bhagavā) ti. Appamatto ti sakkaccakārī …pe… appamādo kusalesu dhammesu. Sadā ti sadā sabbakālaṃ …pe… pacchime vayokhandhe. Namassan ti kāyena vā namassamāno vācāya vā namassamāno cittena vā namassamāno anvatthapaṭipattiyā vā namassamāno dhammānudhammapaṭipattiyā vā namassamāno sakkurumāno garukurumāno mānayamāno pūjayamāno apacayamāno. Anusikkhe ti tisso sikkhāyo— adhisīlasikkhā, adhicittasikkhā, adhipaññāsikkhā …pe… ayaṃ adhipaññāsikkhā. Imā tisso sikkhāyo āvajjanto sikkheyya …pe… sacchikātabbaṃ sacchikaronto sikkheyya careyya ācareyya samācareyya samādāya vatteyya. Bhagavā ti gāravādhivacanaṃ …pe… sacchikā paññatti yad idaṃ Bhagavā ti appamatto sadā namassamanusikkhe. (Iti Bhagavā.)
Tenāha Bhagavā—
“Abhibhū hi so anabhibhūto, sakkhidhammamanītihamaddasi;
Tasmā hi tassa Bhagavato sāsane, appamatto sadā namassamanusikkhe”. (iti Bhagavā ti.)
Tuvaṭakasuttaniddeso cuddasamo.