生起学童问义释
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Jhāyiṃ virajamāsīnaṃ, (iccāyasmā udayo) katakiccaṃ anāsavaṃ;
Pāraguṃ sabbadhammānaṃ, atthi pañhena āgamaṃ;
Aññāvimokkhaṃ pabrūhi, avijjāya pabhedanaṃ.
Jhāyiṃ virajamāsīnan ti. Jhāyin ti jhāyī Bhagavā. Paṭhamenapi jhānena jhāyī, dutiyenapi jhānena jhāyī, tatiyenapi jhānena jhāyī, catutthenapi jhānena jhāyī, savitakkasavicārenapi jhānena jhāyī, avitakkavicāramattenapi jhānena jhāyī, avitakkaavicārenapi jhānena jhāyī, sappītikenapi jhānena jhāyī, nippītikenapi jhānena jhāyī, sātasahagatenapi jhānena jhāyī, upekkhāsahagatenapi jhānena jhāyī, suññatenapi jhānena jhāyī, animittenapi jhānena jhāyī, appaṇihitenapi jhānena jhāyī, lokiyenapi jhānena jhāyī, lokuttarenapi jhānena jhāyī jhānarato ekattamanuyutto sadatthagaruko ti jhāyiṃ. Virajan ti rāgo rajo, doso rajo, moho rajo, kodho rajo, upanāho rajo …pe… sabbākusalābhisaṅkhārā rajā. Te rajā buddhassa Bhagavato pahīnā ucchinnamūlā tālāvatthukatā anabhāvaṅkatā āyatiṃ anuppādadhammā. Tasmā buddho arajo virajo nirajo rajāpagato rajavippahīno rajavippayutto sabbarajavītivatto.
Rāgo rajo na ca pana reṇu vuccati, rāgassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ rajoti;
Etaṃ rajaṃ vippajahitvā cakkhumā, tasmā jino vigatarajoti vuccati
Doso rajo na ca pana reṇu vuccati, dosassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ rajoti;
Etaṃ rajaṃ vippajahitvā cakkhumā, tasmā jino vigatarajoti vuccati
Moho rajo na ca pana reṇu vuccati, mohassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ rajoti;
Etaṃ rajaṃ vippajahitvā cakkhumā, tasmā jino vigatarajoti vuccatīti
— virajaṃ …pe…. Āsīnan ti nisinno Bhagavā pāsāṇake cetiyeti āsīno.
Nagassa passe āsīnaṃ, muniṃ dukkhassa pāraguṃ;
Sāvakā payirupāsanti, tevijjā maccuhāyinoti
Evam pi Bhagavā āsīno. Atha vā Bhagavā sabbossukkapaṭippassaddhattā āsīno vutthavāso ciṇṇacaraṇo …pe… jātimaraṇasaṃsāro natthi tassa punabbhavoti. Evam pi Bhagavā āsīno ti jhāyiṃ virajamāsīnaṃ.
Iccāyasmā udayo ti. Iccā ti padasandhi …pe… āyasmā ti piyavacanaṃ …pe… udayo ti tassa brāhmaṇassa nāmaṃ …pe… abhilāpo ti iccāyasmā udayo.
Katakiccaṃ anāsavan ti buddhassa Bhagavato kiccākiccaṃ karaṇīyākaraṇīyaṃ pahīnaṃ ucchinnamūlaṃ tālāvatthukataṃ anabhāvaṅkataṃ āyatiṃ anuppādadhammaṃ. Tasmā buddho katakicco.
Yassa ca visatā natthi, chinnasotassa bhikkhuno;
Kiccākiccappahīnassa, pariḷāho na vijjatīti
Katakiccaṃ anāsavan ti. Āsavā ti cattāro āsavā— kāmāsavo, bhavāsavo, diṭṭhāsavo, avijjāsavo. Te āsavā buddhassa Bhagavato pahīnā ucchinnamūlā tālāvatthukatā anabhāvaṅkatā āyatiṃ anuppādadhammā. Tasmā buddho anāsavo ti katakiccaṃ anāsavaṃ.
Pāraguṃ sabbadhammānan ti Bhagavā sabbadhammānaṃ abhiññāpāragū pariññāpāragū pahānapāragū bhāvanāpāragū sacchikiriyāpāragū samāpattipāragū. Abhiññāpāragū sabbadhammānaṃ, pariññāpāragū sabbadukkhānaṃ, pahānapāragū sabbakilesānaṃ, bhāvanāpāragū catunnaṃ maggānaṃ, sacchikiriyāpāragū nirodhassa, samāpattipāragū sabbasamāpattīnaṃ. So vasippatto pāramippatto ariyasmiṃ sīlasmiṃ; vasippatto pāramippatto ariyasmiṃ samādhismiṃ; vasippatto pāramippatto ariyāya paññāya; vasippatto pāramippatto ariyāya vimuttiyā. So pāragato pārappatto antagato antappatto koṭigato koṭippatto pariyantagato pariyantappatto vosānagato vosānappatto tāṇagato tāṇappatto leṇagato leṇappatto saraṇagato saraṇappatto abhayagato abhayappatto accutagato accutappatto amatagato amatappatto nibbānagato nibbānappatto. So vuttavāso ciṇṇacaraṇo …pe… jātimaraṇasaṃsāro natthi tassa punabbhavo ti pāraguṃ sabbadhammānaṃ.
Atthi pañhena āgaman ti pañhena atthiko āgatomhi, pañhaṃ pucchitukāmo āgatomhi, pañhaṃ sotukāmo āgatomhīti, evampi atthi pañhena āgamaṃ. Atha vā pañhatthikānaṃ pañhaṃ pucchitukāmānaṃ pañhaṃ sotukāmānaṃ āgamanaṃ abhikkamanaṃ upasaṅkamanaṃ payirupāsanaṃ atthīti, evampi atthi pañhena āgamaṃ. Atha vā pañhāgamo tuyhaṃ atthi, tvampi pahu tvamasi alamatto mayā pucchitaṃ kathetuṃ visajjetuṃ, vahassetaṃ bhāranti, evampi atthi pañhena āgamaṃ.
Aññāvimokkhaṃ pabrūhī ti aññāvimokkho vuccati arahattavimokkho. Arahattavimokkhaṃ pabrūhi ācikkhāhi desehi paññapehi paṭṭhapehi vivarāhi vibhajāhi uttānīkarohi pakāsehīti aññāvimokkhaṃ pabrūhi.
Avijjāya pabhedanan ti avijjāya bhedanaṃ pabhedanaṃ pahānaṃ vūpasamaṃ paṭinissaggaṃ paṭippassaddhaṃ amataṃ nibbānanti avijjāya pabhedanaṃ. Tenāha so brāhmaṇo—
“Jhāyiṃ virajamāsīnaṃ, (iccāyasmā udayo) katakiccaṃ anāsavaṃ;
Pāraguṃ sabbadhammānaṃ, atthi pañhena āgamaṃ;
Aññāvimokkhaṃ pabrūhi, avijjāya pabhedanan” ti
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Pahānaṃ kāmacchandānaṃ, (udayāti Bhagavā) domanassāna cūbhayaṃ;
Thinassa ca panūdanaṃ, kukkuccānaṃ nivāraṇaṃ.
Pahānaṃ kāmacchandānan ti. Chando ti yo kāmesu kāmacchando kāmarāgo kāmanandī kāmataṇhā kāmasineho kāmapipāsā kāmapariḷāho kāmamucchā kāmajjhosānaṃ kāmogho kāmayogo kāmupādānaṃ kāmacchandanīvaraṇaṃ. Pahānaṃ kāmacchandānan ti kāmacchandānaṃ pahānaṃ vūpasamaṃ paṭinissaggaṃ paṭippassaddhiṃ amataṃ nibbānanti pahānaṃ kāmacchandānaṃ. Udayāti Bhagavā ti. Udayā ti Bhagavā taṃ brāhmaṇaṃ nāmena ālapati. Bhagavā ti gāravādhivacanametaṃ …pe… sacchikā paññatti, yad idaṃ Bhagavā ti udayāti Bhagavā.
Domanassāna cūbhayan ti. Domanassā ti yaṃ cetasikaṃ asātaṃ cetasikaṃ dukkhaṃ cetosamphassajaṃ asātaṃ dukkhaṃ vedayitaṃ, cetosamphassajā asātā dukkhā vedanā. Domanassāna cūbhayan ti kāmacchandassa ca domanassassa ca ubhinnaṃ pahānaṃ vūpasamaṃ paṭinissaggaṃ paṭippassaddhiṃ amataṃ nibbānanti domanassāna cūbhayaṃ.
Thinassa ca panūdanan ti. Thinan ti yā cittassa akalyatā akammaññatā olīyanā sallīyanā līnā līyanā līyitattaṃ thinaṃ thiyanā thiyitattaṃ cittassa. Panūdanan ti thinassa ca panūdanaṃ pahānaṃ vūpasamaṃ paṭinissaggaṃ paṭippassaddhiṃ amataṃ nibbānanti thinassa ca panūdanaṃ.
Kukkuccānaṃ nivāraṇan ti. Kukkuccan ti hatthakukkuccampi kukkuccaṃ, pādakukkuccampi kukkuccaṃ, hatthapādakukkuccampi kukkuccaṃ. Akappiye kappiyasaññitā, kappiye akappiyasaññitā …pe… avajje vajjasaññitā, vajje avajjasaññitā. Yaṃ evarūpaṃ kukkuccaṃ kukkuccāyanā kukkuccāyitattaṃ cetaso vippaṭisāro manovilekho, idaṃ vuccati kukkuccaṃ. Api ca dvīhi kāraṇehi uppajjati kukkuccaṃ cetaso vippaṭisāro manovilekho— katattā ca akatattā ca. Kathaṃ katattā ca akatattā ca uppajjati kukkuccaṃ cetaso vippaṭisāro manovilekho? “Kataṃ me kāyaduccaritaṃ, akataṃ me kāyasucaritan” ti uppajjati kukkuccaṃ cetaso vippaṭisāro manovilekho. “Kataṃ me vacīduccaritaṃ, akataṃ me vacīsucaritan” ti …pe… “kataṃ me manoduccaritaṃ, akataṃ me manosucaritan” ti …pe… “kato me pāṇātipāto, akatā me pāṇātipātā veramaṇī” ti …pe… “kataṃ me adinnādānaṃ, akatā me adinnādānā veramaṇī” ti …pe… “kato me kāmesumicchācāro, akatā me kāmesumicchācārā veramaṇī” ti …pe… “kato me musāvādo, akatā me musāvādā veramaṇī” ti …pe… “katā me pisuṇā vācā, akatā me pisuṇāya vācāya veramaṇī” ti …pe… “katā me pharusā vācā, akatā me pharusāya vācāya veramaṇī” ti …pe… “kato me samphappalāpo, akatā me samphappalāpā veramaṇī” ti …pe… “katā me abhijjhā, akatā me anabhijjhā” ti …pe… “kato me byāpādo, akato me abyāpādo” ti …pe… “katā me micchādiṭṭhi, akatā me sammādiṭṭhī” ti, uppajjati kukkuccaṃ cetaso vippaṭisāro manovilekho. Evaṃ katattā ca akatattā ca uppajjati kukkuccaṃ cetaso vippaṭisāro manovilekho.
Atha vā “sīlesumhi aparipūrakārī” ti uppajjati kukkuccaṃ cetaso vippaṭisāro manovilekho; “indriyesumhi aguttadvāro” ti …pe… “bhojane amattaññumhī” ti … “jāgariyaṃ ananuyuttomhī” ti … “na satisampajaññena samannāgatomhī” ti … “abhāvitā me cattāro satipaṭṭhānāti, cattāro sammappadhānāti cattāro iddhipādāti, pañcindriyānīti, pañca balānīti, satta bojjhaṅgāti, ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo” ti … “dukkhaṃ me apariññātaṃ, samudayo me appahīno, maggo me abhāvito, nirodho me asacchikato” ti uppajjati kukkuccaṃ cetaso vippaṭisāro manovilekho.
Kukkuccānaṃ nivāraṇan ti kukkuccānaṃ āvaraṇaṃ nīvaraṇaṃ pahānaṃ upasamaṃ vūpasamaṃ paṭinissaggaṃ paṭippassaddhiṃ amataṃ nibbānanti kukkuccānaṃ nivāraṇaṃ. Tenāha Bhagavā—
“Pahānaṃ kāmacchandānaṃ, (udayāti Bhagavā) domanassāna cūbhayaṃ;
Thinassa ca panūdanaṃ, kukkuccānaṃ nivāraṇan” ti
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Upekkhāsatisaṃsuddhaṃ, dhammatakkapurejavaṃ;
Aññāvimokkhaṃ pabrūmi, avijjāya pabhedanaṃ.
Upekkhāsatisaṃsuddhan ti. Upekkhā ti yā catutthe jhāne upekkhā upekkhanā ajjhupekkhanā cittasamatā cittappassaddhatā majjhattatā cittassa. Satī ti yā catutthe jhāne upekkhaṃ ārabbha sati anussati …pe… sammāsati. Upekkhāsatisaṃsuddhan ti catutthe jhāne upekkhā ca sati ca suddhā honti visuddhā saṃsuddhā parisuddhā pariyodātā anaṅgaṇā vigatūpakkilesā mudubhūtā kammaniyā ṭhitā āneñjappattā ti upekkhāsatisaṃsuddhaṃ.
Dhammatakkapurejavan ti dhammatakko vuccati sammāsaṅkappo. So ādito hoti, purato hoti, pubbaṅgamo hoti aññāvimokkhassāti, evampi dhammatakkapurejavaṃ. Atha vā dhammatakko vuccati sammādiṭṭhi. Sā ādito hoti, purato hoti, pubbaṅgamo hoti aññāvimokkhassāti, evampi dhammatakkapurejavaṃ. Atha vā dhammatakko vuccati catunnaṃ maggānaṃ pubbabhāgavipassanā. Sā ādito hoti, purato hoti, pubbaṅgamo hoti aññāvimokkhassāti evampi dhammatakkapurejavaṃ.
Aññāvimokkhaṃ pabrūmī ti aññāvimokkho vuccati arahattavimokkho. Arahattavimokkhaṃ pabrūmi ācikkhāmi desemi paññapemi paṭṭhapemi vivarāmi vibhajāmi uttānīkaromi pakāsemī ti aññāvimokkhaṃ pabrūmi.
Avijjāya pabhedanan ti. Avijjā ti dukkhe aññāṇaṃ …pe… avijjā moho akusalamūlaṃ. Pabhedanan ti avijjāya pabhedanaṃ pahānaṃ vūpasamaṃ paṭinissaggaṃ paṭippassaddhiṃ amataṃ nibbānanti avijjāya pabhedanaṃ. Tenāha Bhagavā—
“Upekkhāsatisaṃsuddhaṃ, dhammatakkapurejavaṃ;
Aññāvimokkhaṃ pabrūmi, avijjāya pabhedanan” ti
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Kiṃsu saṃyojano loko, kiṃsu tassa vicāraṇaṃ;
Kissassa vippahānena, nibbānaṃ iti vuccati.
Kiṃsu saṃyojano loko ti lokassa saṃyojanaṃ lagganaṃ bandhanaṃ upakkileso. Kena loko yutto payutto āyutto samāyutto laggo laggito palibuddho ti kiṃsu saṃyojano loko.
Kiṃsu tassa vicāraṇan ti kiṃsu tassa cāraṇaṃ vicāraṇaṃ paṭivicāraṇaṃ. Kena loko carati vicarati paṭivicaratī ti kiṃsu tassa vicāraṇaṃ. Kissassa vippahānena nibbānaṃ iti vuccatī ti kissassa vippahānena vūpasamena paṭinissaggena paṭippassaddhiyā nibbānaṃ iti vuccati pavuccati kathīyati bhaṇīyati dīpīyati voharīyatī ti kissassa vippahānena nibbānaṃ iti vuccati. Tenāha so brāhmaṇo—
“Kiṃsu saṃyojano loko, kiṃsu tassa vicāraṇaṃ;
Kissassa vippahānena, nibbānaṃ iti vuccatī” ti
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Nandisaṃyojano loko, vitakkassa vicāraṇaṃ;
Taṇhāya vippahānena, nibbānaṃ iti vuccati.
Nandisaṃyojano loko ti nandī vuccati taṇhā. Yo rāgo sārāgo …pe… abhijjhā lobho akusalamūlaṃ, ayaṃ vuccati nandī. Yā nandī lokassa saṃyojanaṃ lagganaṃ bandhanaṃ upakkileso, imāya nandiyā loko yutto payutto āyutto samāyutto laggo laggito palibuddho ti nandisaṃyojano loko.
Vitakkassa vicāraṇan ti. Vitakkā ti nava vitakkā— kāmavitakko, byāpādavitakko, vihiṃsāvitakko, ñātivitakko janapadavitakko, amarāvitakko, parānudayatāpaṭisaṃyutto vitakko, lābhasakkārasilokapaṭisaṃyutto vitakko, anavaññattipaṭisaṃyutto vitakko. Ime vuccanti nava vitakkā. Ime nava vitakkā lokassa cāraṇā vicāraṇā paṭivicāraṇā. Imehi navahi vitakkehi loko carati vicarati paṭivicaratī ti vitakkassa vicāraṇaṃ.
Taṇhāya vippahānena nibbānaṃ iti vuccatī ti. Taṇhā ti rūpataṇhā …pe… dhammataṇhā. Taṇhāya vippahānena nibbānaṃ iti vuccatī ti taṇhāya vippahānena vūpasamena paṭinissaggena paṭippassaddhiyā nibbānaṃ iti vuccati pavuccati kathīyati bhaṇīyati dīpīyati voharīyatī ti taṇhāya vippahānena nibbānaṃ iti vuccati. Tenāha Bhagavā—
“Nandisaṃyojano loko, vitakkassa vicāraṇaṃ;
Taṇhāya vippahānena, nibbānaṃ iti vuccatī” ti
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Kathaṃ satassa carato, viññāṇaṃ uparujjhati;
Bhagavantaṃ puṭṭhumāgamā, taṃ suṇoma vaco tava.
Kathaṃ satassa carato ti kathaṃ satassa sampajānassa carato viharato iriyato vattayato pālayato yapayato yāpayato ti kathaṃ satassa carato.
Viññāṇaṃ uparujjhatī ti viññāṇaṃ nirujjhati vūpasammati atthaṃ gacchati paṭippassambhatī ti viññāṇaṃ uparujjhati.
Bhagavantaṃ puṭṭhumāgamā ti buddhaṃ Bhagavantaṃ puṭṭhuṃ pucchituṃ yācituṃ ajjhesituṃ pasādetuṃ āgamhā āgatamhā upāgatamhā sampattamhā, “tayā saddhiṃ samāgatamhā” ti Bhagavantaṃ puṭṭhumāgamā.
Taṃ suṇoma vaco tavā ti. Tan ti tuyhaṃ vacanaṃ byappathaṃ desanaṃ anusāsanaṃ anusiṭṭhaṃ suṇoma uggaṇhāma dhārema upadhārema upalakkhemāti taṃ suṇoma vaco tava. Tenāha so brāhmaṇo—
“Kathaṃ satassa carato, viññāṇaṃ uparujjhati;
Bhagavantaṃ puṭṭhumāgamā, taṃ suṇoma vaco tavā” ti
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Ajjhattañ ca bahiddhā ca, vedanaṃ nābhinandato;
Evaṃ satassa carato, viññāṇaṃ uparujjhati.
Ajjhattañ ca bahiddhā ca vedanaṃ nābhinandato ti ajjhattaṃ vedanāsu vedanānupassī viharanto vedanaṃ nābhinandati nābhivadati na ajjhoseti, abhinandanaṃ abhivadanaṃ ajjhosānaṃ gāhaṃ parāmāsaṃ abhinivesaṃ pajahati vinodeti byantīkaroti anabhāvaṃ gameti; bahiddhā vedanāsu vedanānupassī viharanto vedanaṃ nābhinandati nābhivadati na ajjhoseti, abhinandanaṃ abhivadanaṃ ajjhosānaṃ gāhaṃ parāmāsaṃ abhinivesaṃ pajahati vinodeti byantīkaroti anabhāvaṃ gameti; ajjhattabahiddhā vedanāsu vedanānupassī viharanto vedanaṃ nābhinandati nābhivadati na ajjhoseti, abhinandanaṃ abhivadanaṃ ajjhosānaṃ gāhaṃ parāmāsaṃ abhinivesaṃ pajahati vinodeti byantīkaroti anabhāvaṃ gameti.
Ajjhattaṃ samudayadhammānupassī vedanāsu vedanānupassī viharanto vedanaṃ nābhinandati nābhivadati na ajjhoseti, abhinandanaṃ abhivadanaṃ ajjhosānaṃ gāhaṃ parāmāsaṃ abhinivesaṃ pajahati vinodeti byantīkaroti anabhāvaṃ gameti; ajjhattaṃ vayadhammānupassī vedanāsu vedanānupassī viharanto …pe… ajjhattaṃ samudayavayadhammānupassī vedanāsu vedanānupassī viharanto …pe… bahiddhā samudayadhammānupassī vedanāsu vedanānupassī viharanto vedanaṃ nābhinandati nābhivadati na ajjhoseti, abhinandanaṃ abhivadanaṃ ajjhosānaṃ gāhaṃ parāmāsaṃ abhinivesaṃ pajahati vinodeti byantīkaroti anabhāvaṃ gameti; bahiddhā vayadhammānupassī vedanāsu vedanānupassī viharanto …pe… bahiddhā samudayavayadhammānupassī vedanāsu vedanānupassī viharanto …pe… ajjhattabahiddhā samudayadhammānupassī vedanāsu vedanānupassī viharanto …pe… ajjhattabahiddhā vayadhammānupassī vedanāsu vedanānupassī viharanto …pe… ajjhattabahiddhā samudayavayadhammānupassī vedanāsu vedanānupassī viharanto vedanaṃ nābhinandati nābhivadati na ajjhoseti, abhinandanaṃ abhivadanaṃ ajjhosānaṃ gāhaṃ parāmāsaṃ abhinivesaṃ pajahati vinodeti byantīkaroti anabhāvaṃ gameti. Imehi dvādasahi ākārehi vedanāsu vedanānupassī viharanto …pe… anabhāvaṃ gameti.
Atha vā vedanaṃ aniccato passanto vedanaṃ nābhinandati nābhivadati na ajjhoseti, abhinandanaṃ abhivadanaṃ ajjhosānaṃ gāhaṃ parāmāsaṃ abhinivesaṃ pajahati vinodeti byantīkaroti anabhāvaṃ gameti. Vedanaṃ dukkhato rogato gaṇḍato sallato aghato ābādhato …pe… nissaraṇato passanto vedanaṃ nābhinandati nābhivadati na ajjhoseti, abhinandanaṃ abhivadanaṃ ajjhosānaṃ gāhaṃ parāmāsaṃ abhinivesaṃ pajahati vinodeti byantīkaroti anabhāvaṃ gameti. Imehi cattālīsāya ākārehi vedanāsu vedanānupassī viharanto vedanaṃ nābhinandati nābhivadati na ajjhoseti, abhinandanaṃ abhivadanaṃ ajjhosānaṃ gāhaṃ parāmāsaṃ abhinivesaṃ pajahati vinodeti byantīkaroti anabhāvaṃ gametī ti ajjhattañ ca bahiddhā ca vedanaṃ nābhinandato.
Evaṃ satassa carato ti evaṃ satassa sampajānassa carato viharato iriyato vattayato pālayato yapayato yāpayato ti evaṃ satassa carato.
Viññāṇaṃ uparujjhatī ti puññābhisaṅkhārasahagataṃ viññāṇaṃ apuññābhisaṅkhārasahagataṃ viññāṇaṃ āneñjābhisaṅkhārasahagataṃ viññāṇaṃ nirujjhati vūpasammati atthaṃ gacchati paṭippassambhatī ti viññāṇaṃ uparujjhati. Tenāha Bhagavā—
“Ajjhattañ ca bahiddhā ca, vedanaṃ nābhinandato;
Evaṃ satassa carato, viññāṇaṃ uparujjhatī” ti
Saha gāthāpariyosānā …pe… satthā me, bhante Bhagavā, sāvako’ham asmī ti.
Udayamāṇavapucchāniddeso terasamo.