无秽经

Anaṅgaṇa Sutta ^↗

57

如是我闻。一时世尊住舍卫国祇树给孤独园。尔时，尊者舍利弗告诸比丘：「朋友，诸比丘！」「朋友！」诸比丘答尊者舍利弗。尊者舍利弗说：

Evaṃ me sutaṃ— ekaṃ samayaṃ Bhagavā Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati Jetavane Anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tatra kho āyasmā Sāriputto bhikkhū āmantesi: “āvuso bhikkhave” ti. “Āvuso” ti kho te bhikkhū āyasmato Sāriputtassa paccassosuṃ. Āyasmā Sāriputto etad avoca:

「朋友！有四种人存于世间。哪四种？朋友！有些人有秽而不如实知『我内有秽』。朋友！有些人有秽而如实知『我内有秽』。朋友！有些人无秽而不如实知『我内无秽』。朋友！有些人无秽而如实知『我内无秽』。

“Cattāro’me, āvuso, puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmiṃ. Katame cattāro? Idh’āvuso, ekacco puggalo sāṅgaṇo va samāno ‘atthi me ajjhattaṃ aṅgaṇan’ ti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti. Idha panāvuso, ekacco puggalo sāṅgaṇo va samāno ‘atthi me ajjhattaṃ aṅgaṇan’ ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Idh’āvuso, ekacco puggalo anaṅgaṇo va samāno ‘natthi me ajjhattaṃ aṅgaṇan’ ti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti. Idha panāvuso, ekacco puggalo anaṅgaṇo va samāno ‘natthi me ajjhattaṃ aṅgaṇan’ ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti.

「朋友！那些有秽而不如实知『我内有秽』的人，被称为两种有秽人中的劣者。朋友！那些有秽而如实知『我内有秽』的人，被称为两种有秽人中的优者。朋友！那些无秽而不如实知『我内无秽』的人，被称为两种无秽人中的劣者。朋友！那些无秽而如实知『我内无秽』的人，被称为两种无秽人中的优者。」

Tatr’āvuso, yvāyaṃ puggalo sāṅgaṇo va samāno ‘atthi me ajjhattaṃ aṅgaṇan’ ti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti, ayaṃ imesaṃ dvinnaṃ puggalānaṃ sāṅgaṇānaṃ yeva sataṃ hīnapuriso akkhāyati. Tatr’āvuso, yvāyaṃ puggalo sāṅgaṇo va samāno ‘atthi me ajjhattaṃ aṅgaṇan’ ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ayaṃ imesaṃ dvinnaṃ puggalānaṃ sāṅgaṇānaṃ yeva sataṃ seṭṭhapuriso akkhāyati. Tatr’āvuso, yvāyaṃ puggalo anaṅgaṇo va samāno ‘natthi me ajjhattaṃ aṅgaṇan’ ti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti, ayaṃ imesaṃ dvinnaṃ puggalānaṃ anaṅgaṇānaṃ yeva sataṃ hīnapuriso akkhāyati. Tatr’āvuso, yvāyaṃ puggalo anaṅgaṇo va samāno ‘natthi me ajjhattaṃ aṅgaṇan’ ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ayaṃ imesaṃ dvinnaṃ puggalānaṃ anaṅgaṇānaṃ yeva sataṃ seṭṭhapuriso akkhāyatī” ti.

58

如是说已，尊者大目犍连对尊者舍利弗说：「尊者舍利弗！何因何缘，两种有秽人中，一被称为劣者，一被称为优者？何因何缘，两种无秽人中，一被称为劣者，一被称为优者？」

Evaṃ vutte, āyasmā Mahāmoggallāno āyasmantaṃ Sāriputtaṃ etad avoca: “Ko nu kho, āvuso Sāriputta, hetu ko paccayo yen’imesaṃ dvinnaṃ puggalānaṃ sāṅgaṇānaṃ yeva sataṃ eko hīnapuriso akkhāyati, eko seṭṭhapuriso akkhāyati? Ko panāvuso Sāriputta, hetu ko paccayo yen’imesaṃ dvinnaṃ puggalānaṃ anaṅgaṇānaṃ yeva sataṃ eko hīnapuriso akkhāyati, eko seṭṭhapuriso akkhāyatī” ti?

59

「朋友！那些有秽而不如实知『我内有秽』的人，可以预见他不会为了除去垢秽而起欲、精进、努力精勤，他将带着贪、带着嗔、带着痴、带着秽、心有杂染地死去。朋友！譬如从市场或锻工家拿来的覆有尘垢的铜钵，主人既不使用，也不清洗，弃之尘土。如是，朋友！这铜钵今后会更杂染、覆有污垢吗？」

“Tatr’āvuso, yvāyaṃ puggalo sāṅgaṇo va samāno ‘atthi me ajjhattaṃ aṅgaṇan’ ti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti, tass’etaṃ pāṭikaṅkhaṃ — na chandaṃ janessati na vāyamissati na vīriyaṃ ārabhissati tass’aṅgaṇassa pahānāya; so sarāgo sadoso samoho sāṅgaṇo saṃkiliṭṭhacitto kālaṃ karissati. Seyyathāpi, āvuso, kaṃsapāti ābhatā āpaṇā vā kammārakulā vā rajena ca malena ca pariyonaddhā. Tam enaṃ sāmikā na c’eva paribhuñjeyyuṃ na ca pariyodapeyyuṃ, rajāpathe ca naṃ nikkhipeyyuṃ. Evañ hi sā, āvuso, kaṃsapāti aparena samayena saṃkiliṭṭhatarā assa malaggahitā” ti?

「如是，朋友！」

“Evam āvuso” ti.

「如是，朋友！那些有秽而不如实知『我内有秽』的人，可以预见他不会为了除去垢秽而起欲、精进、努力精勤，他将带着贪、带着嗔、带着痴、带着秽、心有杂染地死去。

“Evam eva kho, āvuso, yvāyaṃ puggalo sāṅgaṇo va samāno ‘atthi me ajjhattaṃ aṅgaṇan’ ti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti, tass’etaṃ pāṭikaṅkhaṃ — na chandaṃ janessati na vāyamissati na vīriyaṃ ārabhissati tass’aṅgaṇassa pahānāya; so sarāgo sadoso samoho sāṅgaṇo saṃkiliṭṭhacitto kālaṃ karissati.

「朋友！那些有秽而如实知『我内有秽』的人，可以预见他会为了除去垢秽而起欲、精进、努力精勤，他将无贪、无嗔、无痴、无秽、心无杂染地死去。朋友！譬如从市场或锻工家拿来的覆有尘垢的铜钵，主人使用它，清洗它，不弃之尘土。如是，朋友！这铜钵今后会更清净、洁白吗？」

Tatr’āvuso, yvāyaṃ puggalo sāṅgaṇo va samāno ‘atthi me ajjhattaṃ aṅgaṇan’ ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, tass’etaṃ pāṭikaṅkhaṃ — chandaṃ janessati vāyamissati vīriyaṃ ārabhissati tass’aṅgaṇassa pahānāya; so arāgo adoso amoho anaṅgaṇo asaṅkiliṭṭhacitto kālaṃ karissati. Seyyathāpi, āvuso, kaṃsapāti ābhatā āpaṇā vā kammārakulā vā rajena ca malena ca pariyonaddhā. Tam enaṃ sāmikā paribhuñjeyyuñ c’eva pariyodapeyyuñ ca, na ca naṃ rajāpathe nikkhipeyyuṃ. Evañ hi sā, āvuso, kaṃsapāti aparena samayena parisuddhatarā assa pariyodātā” ti?

「如是，朋友！」

“Evam āvuso” ti.

「如是，朋友！那些有秽而如实知『我内有秽』的人，可以预见他会为了除去垢秽而起欲、精进、努力精勤，他将无贪、无嗔、无痴、无秽、心无杂染地死去。

“Evam eva kho, āvuso, yvāyaṃ puggalo sāṅgaṇo va samāno ‘atthi me ajjhattaṃ aṅgaṇan’ ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, tass’etaṃ pāṭikaṅkhaṃ — chandaṃ janessati vāyamissati vīriyaṃ ārabhissati tass’aṅgaṇassa pahānāya; so arāgo adoso amoho anaṅgaṇo asaṅkiliṭṭhacitto kālaṃ karissati.

「朋友！那些无秽而不如实知『我内无秽』的人，可以预见他会作意于净相，由对净相的作意而使心堕于贪，他将带着贪、带着嗔、带着痴、带着秽、心有杂染地死去。朋友！譬如从市场或锻工家拿来的清净、洁白的铜钵，主人既不使用，也不清洗，弃之尘土。如是，朋友！这铜钵今后会更杂染、覆有污垢吗？」

Tatr’āvuso, yvāyaṃ puggalo anaṅgaṇo va samāno ‘natthi me ajjhattaṃ aṅgaṇan’ ti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti, tass’etaṃ pāṭikaṅkhaṃ — subhanimittaṃ manasi karissati, tassa subhanimittassa manasikārā rāgo cittaṃ anuddhaṃsessati; so sarāgo sadoso samoho sāṅgaṇo saṅkiliṭṭhacitto kālaṃ karissati. Seyyathāpi, āvuso, kaṃsapāti ābhatā āpaṇā vā kammārakulā vā parisuddhā pariyodātā. Tam enaṃ sāmikā na c’eva paribhuñjeyyuṃ na ca pariyodapeyyuṃ, rajāpathe ca naṃ nikkhipeyyuṃ. Evañ hi sā, āvuso, kaṃsapāti aparena samayena saṅkiliṭṭhatarā assa malaggahitā” ti?

「如是，朋友！」

“Evam āvuso” ti.

「如是，朋友！那些无秽而不如实知『我内无秽』的人，可以预见他会作意于净相，由对净相的作意而使心堕于贪，他将带着贪、带着嗔、带着痴、带着秽、心有杂染地死去。

“Evam eva kho, āvuso, yvāyaṃ puggalo anaṅgaṇo va samāno ‘natthi me ajjhattaṃ aṅgaṇan’ ti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti, tass’etaṃ pāṭikaṅkhaṃ — subhanimittaṃ manasi karissati, tassa subhanimittassa manasikārā rāgo cittaṃ anuddhaṃsessati; so sarāgo sadoso samoho sāṅgaṇo saṅkiliṭṭhacitto kālaṃ karissati.

「朋友！那些无秽而如实知『我内无秽』的人，可以预见他不会作意于净相，由对净相的不作意而使心不堕于贪，他将无贪、无嗔、无痴、无秽、心无杂染地死去。朋友！譬如从市场或锻工家拿来的清净、洁白的铜钵，主人使用它，清洗它，不弃之尘土。如是，朋友！这铜钵今后会更清净、洁白吗？」

Tatr’āvuso, yvāyaṃ puggalo anaṅgaṇo va samāno ‘natthi me ajjhattaṃ aṅgaṇan’ ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, tass’etaṃ pāṭikaṅkhaṃ — subhanimittaṃ na manasi karissati, tassa subhanimittassa amanasikārā rāgo cittaṃ nānuddhaṃsessati; so arāgo adoso amoho anaṅgaṇo asaṅkiliṭṭhacitto kālaṃ karissati. Seyyathāpi, āvuso, kaṃsapāti ābhatā āpaṇā vā kammārakulā vā parisuddhā pariyodātā. Tam enaṃ sāmikā paribhuñjeyyuñ c’eva pariyodapeyyuñ ca, na ca naṃ rajāpathe nikkhipeyyuṃ. Evañ hi sā, āvuso, kaṃsapāti aparena samayena parisuddhatarā assa pariyodātā” ti?

「如是，朋友！」

“Evam āvuso” ti.

「如是，朋友！那些无秽而如实知『我内无秽』的人，可以预见他不会作意于净相，由对净相的不作意而使心不堕于贪，他将无贪、无嗔、无痴、无秽、心无杂染地死去。

“Evam eva kho, āvuso, yvāyaṃ puggalo anaṅgaṇo va samāno ‘natthi me ajjhattaṃ aṅgaṇan’ ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, tass’etaṃ pāṭikaṅkhaṃ — subhanimittaṃ na manasi karissati, tassa subhanimittassa amanasikārā rāgo cittaṃ nānuddhaṃsessati; so arāgo adoso amoho anaṅgaṇo asaṅkiliṭṭhacitto kālaṃ karissati.

「朋友目犍连！此因此缘，两种有秽人中，一被称为劣者，一被称为优者。此因此缘，两种无秽人中，一被称为劣者，一被称为优者。」

Ayaṃ kho, āvuso Moggallāna, hetu ayaṃ paccayo yen’imesaṃ dvinnaṃ puggalānaṃ sāṅgaṇānaṃ yeva sataṃ eko hīnapuriso akkhāyati, eko seṭṭhapuriso akkhāyati. Ayaṃ panāvuso Moggallāna, hetu ayaṃ paccayo yen’imesaṃ dvinnaṃ puggalānaṃ anaṅgaṇānaṃ yeva sataṃ eko hīnapuriso akkhāyati, eko seṭṭhapuriso akkhāyatī” ti.

60

「朋友！都说『秽、秽』，朋友！这秽的同义语是什么？」

“Aṅgaṇaṃ aṅgaṇan ti, āvuso, vuccati. Kissa nu kho etaṃ, āvuso, adhivacanaṃ yad idaṃ aṅgaṇan” ti?

「朋友！恶、不善、欲行的同义语即是这秽。」

“Pāpakānaṃ kho etaṃ, āvuso, akusalānaṃ icchāvacarānaṃ adhivacanaṃ, yad idaṃ aṅgaṇan” ti.

「朋友！也许有比丘会起欲『若我犯罪，勿令诸比丘知晓我犯罪』。朋友！也许诸比丘会知晓此比丘『已犯罪』。『诸比丘知晓我已犯罪』，如此他便嗔恚、不满。朋友！这嗔恚、不满两者即是秽。

“Ṭhānaṃ kho pan’etaṃ, āvuso, vijjati yaṃ idh’ekaccassa bhikkhuno evaṃ icchā uppajjeyya: ‘āpattiñ ca vata āpanno assaṃ, na ca maṃ bhikkhū jāneyyuṃ āpattiṃ āpanno’ ti. Ṭhānaṃ kho pan’etaṃ, āvuso, vijjati yaṃ taṃ bhikkhuṃ bhikkhū jāneyyuṃ: ‘āpattiṃ āpanno’ ti. ‘Jānanti maṃ bhikkhū āpattiṃ āpanno’ ti — iti so kupito hoti appatīto. Yo c’eva kho, āvuso, kopo yo ca appaccayo — ubhayam etaṃ aṅgaṇaṃ.

「朋友！也许有比丘会起欲『若我犯罪，令诸比丘在隐秘处叱责我，而非在僧伽中』。朋友！也许诸比丘会在僧伽中叱责此比丘，而非在隐秘处。『诸比丘在僧伽中叱责我，而非在隐秘处』，如此他便嗔恚、不满。朋友！这嗔恚、不满两者即是秽。

Ṭhānaṃ kho pan’etaṃ, āvuso, vijjati yaṃ idh’ekaccassa bhikkhuno evaṃ icchā uppajjeyya: ‘āpattiñ ca vata āpanno assaṃ, anuraho maṃ bhikkhū codeyyuṃ, no saṅghamajjhe’ ti. Ṭhānaṃ kho pan’etaṃ, āvuso, vijjati yaṃ taṃ bhikkhuṃ bhikkhū saṅghamajjhe codeyyuṃ, no anuraho. ‘Saṅghamajjhe maṃ bhikkhū codenti, no anuraho’ ti — iti so kupito hoti appatīto. Yo c’eva kho, āvuso, kopo yo ca appaccayo — ubhayam etaṃ aṅgaṇaṃ.

「朋友！也许有比丘会起欲『若我犯罪，令与我同等之人叱责我，而非不同等之人』。朋友！也许不同等之人会叱责此比丘，而非同等之人。『不同等之人叱责我，而非同等之人』，如此他便嗔恚、不满。朋友！这嗔恚、不满两者即是秽。

Ṭhānaṃ kho pan’etaṃ, āvuso, vijjati yaṃ idh’ekaccassa bhikkhuno evaṃ icchā uppajjeyya: ‘āpattiñ ca vata āpanno assaṃ, sappaṭipuggalo maṃ codeyya, no appaṭipuggalo’ ti. Ṭhānaṃ kho pan’etaṃ, āvuso, vijjati yaṃ taṃ bhikkhuṃ appaṭipuggalo codeyya, no sappaṭipuggalo. ‘Appaṭipuggalo maṃ codeti, no sappaṭipuggalo’ ti — iti so kupito hoti appatīto. Yo c’eva kho, āvuso, kopo yo ca appaccayo — ubhayam etaṃ aṅgaṇaṃ.

「朋友！也许有比丘会起欲『啊！大师会在反复问我之后对诸比丘说法，而非问其他比丘』。朋友！也许大师会在反复问其他比丘之后对诸比丘说法，而非问此比丘。『大师在反复问其他比丘之后对诸比丘说法，而非问我』，如此他便嗔恚、不满。朋友！这嗔恚、不满两者即是秽。

Ṭhānaṃ kho pan’etaṃ, āvuso, vijjati yaṃ idh’ekaccassa bhikkhuno evaṃ icchā uppajjeyya: ‘aho vata mam eva Satthā paṭipucchitvā paṭipucchitvā bhikkhūnaṃ dhammaṃ deseyya, na aññaṃ bhikkhuṃ Satthā paṭipucchitvā paṭipucchitvā bhikkhūnaṃ dhammaṃ deseyyā’ ti. Ṭhānaṃ kho pan’etaṃ, āvuso, vijjati yaṃ aññaṃ bhikkhuṃ Satthā paṭipucchitvā paṭipucchitvā bhikkhūnaṃ dhammaṃ deseyya, na taṃ bhikkhuṃ Satthā paṭipucchitvā paṭipucchitvā bhikkhūnaṃ dhammaṃ deseyya. ‘Aññaṃ bhikkhuṃ Satthā paṭipucchitvā paṭipucchitvā bhikkhūnaṃ dhammaṃ deseti, na maṃ Satthā paṭipucchitvā paṭipucchitvā bhikkhūnaṃ dhammaṃ desetī’ ti — iti so kupito hoti appatīto. Yo c’eva kho, āvuso, kopo yo ca appaccayo — ubhayam etaṃ aṅgaṇaṃ.

「朋友！也许有比丘会起欲『啊！诸比丘会跟随我而入村乞食，而非跟随其他比丘』。朋友！也许诸比丘会跟随其他比丘入村乞食，而非跟随此比丘。『诸比丘跟随其他比丘入村乞食，而非跟随我』，如此他便嗔恚、不满。朋友！这嗔恚、不满两者即是秽。

Ṭhānaṃ kho pan’etaṃ, āvuso, vijjati yaṃ idh’ekaccassa bhikkhuno evaṃ icchā uppajjeyya: ‘aho vata mam eva bhikkhū purakkhatvā purakkhatvā gāmaṃ bhattāya paviseyyuṃ, na aññaṃ bhikkhuṃ bhikkhū purakkhatvā purakkhatvā gāmaṃ bhattāya paviseyyun’ ti. Ṭhānaṃ kho pan’etaṃ, āvuso, vijjati yaṃ aññaṃ bhikkhuṃ bhikkhū purakkhatvā purakkhatvā gāmaṃ bhattāya paviseyyuṃ, na taṃ bhikkhuṃ bhikkhū purakkhatvā purakkhatvā gāmaṃ bhattāya paviseyyuṃ. ‘Aññaṃ bhikkhuṃ bhikkhū purakkhatvā purakkhatvā gāmaṃ bhattāya pavisanti, na maṃ bhikkhū purakkhatvā purakkhatvā gāmaṃ bhattāya pavisantī’ ti — iti so kupito hoti appatīto. Yo c’eva kho, āvuso, kopo yo ca appaccayo — ubhayam etaṃ aṅgaṇaṃ.

「朋友！也许有比丘会起欲『啊！我会在食堂里得到最好的座位、最好的水、最好的食物，而非其他比丘』。朋友！也许其他比丘会在食堂里得到最好的座位、最好的水、最好的食物，而非此比丘。『其他比丘在食堂里得到最好的座位、最好的水、最好的食物，而非我』，如此他便嗔恚、不满。朋友！这嗔恚、不满两者即是秽。

Ṭhānaṃ kho pan’etaṃ, āvuso, vijjati yaṃ idh’ekaccassa bhikkhuno evaṃ icchā uppajjeyya: ‘aho vata aham eva labheyyaṃ bhattagge aggāsanaṃ aggodakaṃ aggapiṇḍaṃ, na añño bhikkhu labheyya bhattagge aggāsanaṃ aggodakaṃ aggapiṇḍan’ ti. Ṭhānaṃ kho pan’etaṃ, āvuso, vijjati yaṃ añño bhikkhu labheyya bhattagge aggāsanaṃ aggodakaṃ aggapiṇḍaṃ, na so bhikkhu labheyya bhattagge aggāsanaṃ aggodakaṃ aggapiṇḍaṃ. ‘Añño bhikkhu labhati bhattagge aggāsanaṃ aggodakaṃ aggapiṇḍaṃ, nāhaṃ labhāmi bhattagge aggāsanaṃ aggodakaṃ aggapiṇḍan’ ti — iti so kupito hoti appatīto. Yo c’eva kho, āvuso, kopo yo ca appaccayo — ubhayam etaṃ aṅgaṇaṃ.

「朋友！也许有比丘会起欲『啊！我会在食堂里饱食后发起随喜，而非其他比丘』。朋友！也许其他比丘会在食堂里饱食后发起随喜，而非此比丘。『其他比丘在食堂里饱食后发起随喜，而非我』，如此他便嗔恚、不满。朋友！这嗔恚、不满两者即是秽。

Ṭhānaṃ kho pan’etaṃ, āvuso, vijjati yaṃ idh’ekaccassa bhikkhuno evaṃ icchā uppajjeyya: ‘aho vata aham eva bhattagge bhuttāvī anumodeyyaṃ, na añño bhikkhu bhattagge bhuttāvī anumodeyyā’ ti. Ṭhānaṃ kho pan’etaṃ, āvuso, vijjati yaṃ añño bhikkhu bhattagge bhuttāvī anumodeyya, na so bhikkhu bhattagge bhuttāvī anumodeyya. ‘Añño bhikkhu bhattagge bhuttāvī anumodati, nāhaṃ bhattagge bhuttāvī anumodāmī’ ti — iti so kupito hoti appatīto. Yo c’eva kho, āvuso, kopo yo ca appaccayo — ubhayam etaṃ aṅgaṇaṃ.

「朋友！也许有比丘会起欲『啊！我会对僧园的比丘们说法，而非其他比丘』。朋友！也许其他比丘会对僧园的比丘们说法，而非此比丘。『其他比丘对僧园的比丘们说法，而非我』，如此他便嗔恚、不满。朋友！这嗔恚、不满两者即是秽。

Ṭhānaṃ kho pan’etaṃ, āvuso, vijjati yaṃ idh’ekaccassa bhikkhuno evaṃ icchā uppajjeyya: ‘aho vata aham eva ārāmagatānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ dhammaṃ deseyyaṃ, na añño bhikkhu ārāmagatānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ dhammaṃ deseyyā’ ti. Ṭhānaṃ kho pan’etaṃ, āvuso, vijjati yaṃ añño bhikkhu ārāmagatānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ dhammaṃ deseyya, na so bhikkhu ārāmagatānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ dhammaṃ deseyya. ‘Añño bhikkhu ārāmagatānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ dhammaṃ deseti, nāhaṃ ārāmagatānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ dhammaṃ desemī’ ti — iti so kupito hoti appatīto. Yo c’eva kho, āvuso, kopo yo ca appaccayo — ubhayam etaṃ aṅgaṇaṃ.

「朋友！也许有比丘会起欲『啊！我会对僧园的比丘尼们⋯⋯优婆塞们⋯⋯优婆夷们说法，而非其他比丘』。朋友！也许其他比丘会对僧园的优婆夷们说法，而非此比丘。『其他比丘对僧园的优婆夷们说法，而非我』，如此他便嗔恚、不满。朋友！这嗔恚、不满两者即是秽。

Ṭhānaṃ kho pan’etaṃ, āvuso, vijjati yaṃ idh’ekaccassa bhikkhuno evaṃ icchā uppajjeyya: ‘aho vata aham eva ārāmagatānaṃ bhikkhunīnaṃ dhammaṃ deseyyaṃ … pe … upāsakānaṃ dhammaṃ deseyyaṃ … pe … upāsikānaṃ dhammaṃ deseyyaṃ, na añño bhikkhu ārāmagatānaṃ upāsikānaṃ dhammaṃ deseyyā’ ti. Ṭhānaṃ kho pan’etaṃ, āvuso, vijjati yaṃ añño bhikkhu ārāmagatānaṃ upāsikānaṃ dhammaṃ deseyya, na so bhikkhu ārāmagatānaṃ upāsikānaṃ dhammaṃ deseyya. ‘Añño bhikkhu ārāmagatānaṃ upāsikānaṃ dhammaṃ deseti, nāhaṃ ārāmagatānaṃ upāsikānaṃ dhammaṃ desemī’ ti — iti so kupito hoti appatīto. Yo c’eva kho, āvuso, kopo yo ca appaccayo — ubhayam etaṃ aṅgaṇaṃ.

「朋友！也许有比丘会起欲『啊！比丘们会恭敬、尊重、尊敬、供养我，而非其他比丘』。朋友！也许比丘们会恭敬、尊重、尊敬、供养其他比丘，而非此比丘。『比丘们恭敬、尊重、尊敬、供养其他比丘，而非我』，如此他便嗔恚、不满。朋友！这嗔恚、不满两者即是秽。

Ṭhānaṃ kho pan’etaṃ, āvuso, vijjati yaṃ idh’ekaccassa bhikkhuno evaṃ icchā uppajjeyya: ‘aho vata mam eva bhikkhū sakkareyyuṃ garuṃ kareyyuṃ māneyyuṃ pūjeyyuṃ, na aññaṃ bhikkhuṃ bhikkhū sakkareyyuṃ garuṃ kareyyuṃ māneyyuṃ pūjeyyun’ ti. Ṭhānaṃ kho pan’etaṃ, āvuso, vijjati yaṃ aññaṃ bhikkhuṃ bhikkhū sakkareyyuṃ garuṃ kareyyuṃ māneyyuṃ pūjeyyuṃ, na taṃ bhikkhuṃ bhikkhū sakkareyyuṃ garuṃ kareyyuṃ māneyyuṃ pūjeyyuṃ. ‘Aññaṃ bhikkhuṃ bhikkhū sakkaronti garuṃ karonti mānenti pūjenti, na maṃ bhikkhū sakkaronti garuṃ karonti mānenti pūjentī’ ti — iti so kupito hoti appatīto. Yo c’eva kho, āvuso, kopo yo ca appaccayo — ubhayam etaṃ aṅgaṇaṃ.

「朋友！也许有比丘会起欲『啊！比丘尼们⋯⋯优婆塞们⋯⋯优婆夷们会恭敬、尊重、尊敬、供养我，而非其他比丘』。朋友！也许优婆夷们会恭敬、尊重、尊敬、供养其他比丘，而非此比丘。『优婆夷们恭敬、尊重、尊敬、供养其他比丘，而非我』，如此他便嗔恚、不满。朋友！这嗔恚、不满两者即是秽。

Ṭhānaṃ kho pan’etaṃ, āvuso, vijjati yaṃ idh’ekaccassa bhikkhuno evaṃ icchā uppajjeyya: ‘aho vata mam eva bhikkhuniyo … pe … upāsakā … pe … upāsikā sakkareyyuṃ garuṃ kareyyuṃ māneyyuṃ pūjeyyuṃ, na aññaṃ bhikkhuṃ upāsikā sakkareyyuṃ garuṃ kareyyuṃ māneyyuṃ pūjeyyun’ ti. Ṭhānaṃ kho pan’etaṃ, āvuso, vijjati yaṃ aññaṃ bhikkhuṃ upāsikā sakkareyyuṃ garuṃ kareyyuṃ māneyyuṃ pūjeyyuṃ, na taṃ bhikkhuṃ upāsikā sakkareyyuṃ garuṃ kareyyuṃ māneyyuṃ pūjeyyuṃ. ‘Aññaṃ bhikkhuṃ upāsikā sakkaronti garuṃ karonti mānenti pūjenti, na maṃ upāsikā sakkaronti garuṃ karonti mānenti pūjentī’ ti — iti so kupito hoti appatīto. Yo c’eva kho, āvuso, kopo yo ca appaccayo — ubhayam etaṃ aṅgaṇaṃ.

「朋友！也许有比丘会起欲『啊！我会得到上等的衣，而非其他比丘』。朋友！也许其他比丘会得到上等的衣，而非此比丘。『其他比丘得到上等的衣，而非我』，如此他便嗔恚、不满。朋友！这嗔恚、不满两者即是秽。

Ṭhānaṃ kho pan’etaṃ, āvuso, vijjati yaṃ idh’ekaccassa bhikkhuno evaṃ icchā uppajjeyya: ‘aho vata aham eva lābhī assaṃ paṇītānaṃ cīvarānaṃ, na añño bhikkhu lābhī assa paṇītānaṃ cīvarānan’ ti. Ṭhānaṃ kho pan’etaṃ, āvuso, vijjati yaṃ añño bhikkhu lābhī assa paṇītānaṃ cīvarānaṃ, na so bhikkhu lābhī assa paṇītānaṃ cīvarānaṃ. ‘Añño bhikkhu lābhī paṇītānaṃ cīvarānaṃ, nāhaṃ lābhī paṇītānaṃ cīvarānan’ ti — iti so kupito hoti appatīto. Yo c’eva kho, āvuso, kopo yo ca appaccayo — ubhayam etaṃ aṅgaṇaṃ.

「朋友！也许有比丘会起欲『啊！我会得到上等的食⋯⋯住处⋯⋯药，而非其他比丘』。朋友！也许其他比丘会得到上等的药，而非此比丘。『其他比丘得到上等的药，而非我』，如此他便嗔恚、不满。朋友！这嗔恚、不满两者即是秽。

Ṭhānaṃ kho pan’etaṃ, āvuso, vijjati yaṃ idh’ekaccassa bhikkhuno evaṃ icchā uppajjeyya: ‘aho vata aham eva lābhī assaṃ paṇītānaṃ piṇḍapātānaṃ … pe … paṇītānaṃ senāsanānaṃ … pe … paṇītānaṃ gilānappaccaya-bhesajja-parikkhārānaṃ, na añño bhikkhu lābhī assa paṇītānaṃ gilānappaccaya-bhesajja-parikkhārānan’ ti. Ṭhānaṃ kho pan’etaṃ, āvuso, vijjati yaṃ añño bhikkhu lābhī assa paṇītānaṃ gilānappaccaya-bhesajja-parikkhārānaṃ, na so bhikkhu lābhī assa paṇītānaṃ gilānappaccaya-bhesajja-parikkhārānaṃ. ‘Añño bhikkhu lābhī paṇītānaṃ gilānappaccaya-bhesajja-parikkhārānaṃ, nāhaṃ lābhī paṇītānaṃ gilānappaccaya-bhesajja-parikkhārānan’ ti — iti so kupito hoti appatīto. Yo c’eva kho, āvuso, kopo yo ca appaccayo — ubhayam etaṃ aṅgaṇaṃ.

「朋友！这些恶、不善、欲行的同义语即是这秽。

Imesaṃ kho etaṃ, āvuso, pāpakānaṃ akusalānaṃ icchāvacarānaṃ adhivacanaṃ, yad idaṃ aṅgaṇan ti.

61

「朋友！若见闻任何比丘未舍弃这些恶、不善、欲行，即便他是林居者、边地住者、常乞食者、次第乞食者、粪扫衣者、粗衣持者，同梵行者也不恭敬、不尊重、不尊敬、不供养他。其因为何？因为见闻其未舍弃恶、不善、欲行。朋友！譬如从市场或锻工家拿来的清净、洁白的铜钵，主人备好蛇尸、狗尸、人尸，用另一铜钵盖好后前往市场，有人看见后说『喂！带了什么，看起来很好很好的样子』？便提起它掀开来看，一见之下便觉不可意、可厌、嫌恶，即便饥饿之人也不愿吃，遑论饱腹之人？

Yassa kassaci, āvuso, bhikkhuno ime pāpakā akusalā icchāvacarā appahīnā dissanti c’eva sūyanti ca, kiñcāpi so hoti āraññiko pantasenāsano piṇḍapātiko sapadānacārī paṃsukūliko lūkhacīvaradharo, atha kho naṃ sabrahmacārī na c’eva sakkaronti na garuṃ karonti na mānenti na pūjenti. Taṃ kissa hetu? Te hi tassa āyasmato pāpakā akusalā icchāvacarā appahīnā dissanti c’eva sūyanti ca. Seyyathāpi, āvuso, kaṃsapāti ābhatā āpaṇā vā kammārakulā vā parisuddhā pariyodātā. Tam enaṃ sāmikā ahi-kuṇapaṃ vā kukkura-kuṇapaṃ vā manussa-kuṇapaṃ vā racayitvā aññissā kaṃsapātiyā paṭikujjitvā antarāpaṇaṃ paṭipajjeyyuṃ. Tam enaṃ jano disvā evaṃ vadeyya: ‘ambho, kim ev’idaṃ harīyati jaññajaññaṃ viyā’ ti? Tam enaṃ uṭṭhahitvā apāpuritvā olokeyya. Tassa sahadassanena amanāpatā ca saṇṭhaheyya, pāṭikulyatā ca saṇṭhaheyya, jegucchatā ca saṇṭhaheyya; jighacchitānam pi na bhottukamyatā assa, pageva suhitānaṃ.

「朋友！若见闻任何比丘未舍弃这些恶、不善、欲行，即便他是林居者、边地住者、常乞食者、次第乞食者、粪扫衣者、粗衣持者，同梵行者也不恭敬、不尊重、不尊敬、不供养他。其因为何？因为见闻其未舍弃恶、不善、欲行。

Evam eva kho, āvuso, yassa kassaci bhikkhuno ime pāpakā akusalā icchāvacarā appahīnā dissanti c’eva sūyanti ca, kiñcāpi so hoti āraññiko pantasenāsano piṇḍapātiko sapadānacārī paṃsukūliko lūkhacīvaradharo, atha kho naṃ sabrahmacārī na c’eva sakkaronti na garuṃ karonti na mānenti na pūjenti. Taṃ kissa hetu? Te hi tassa āyasmato pāpakā akusalā icchāvacarā appahīnā dissanti c’eva sūyanti ca.

62

「朋友！若见闻任何比丘舍弃这些恶、不善、欲行，即便他是村边住者、应请者、持居士衣者，同梵行者也要恭敬、尊重、尊敬、供养他。其因为何？因为见闻其舍弃恶、不善、欲行。朋友！譬如从市场或锻工家拿来的清净、洁白的铜钵，主人备好精美且剔去黑色的米饭、种种汤、种种调味，用另一铜钵盖好后前往市场，有人看见后说『喂！带了什么，看起来很好很好的样子』？便提起它掀开来看，一见之下便觉可意、不可厌、不嫌恶，即便饱腹之人也愿意吃，遑论饥饿之人？

Yassa kassaci, āvuso, bhikkhuno ime pāpakā akusalā icchāvacarā pahīnā dissanti c’eva sūyanti ca, kiñcāpi so hoti gāmantavihārī nemantaniko gahapaticīvaradharo, atha kho naṃ sabrahmacārī sakkaronti garuṃ karonti mānenti pūjenti. Taṃ kissa hetu? Te hi tassa āyasmato pāpakā akusalā icchāvacarā pahīnā dissanti c’eva sūyanti ca. Seyyathāpi, āvuso, kaṃsapāti ābhatā āpaṇā vā kammārakulā vā parisuddhā pariyodātā. Tam enaṃ sāmikā sālīnaṃ odanaṃ vicitakāḷakaṃ anekasūpaṃ anekabyañjanaṃ racayitvā aññissā kaṃsapātiyā paṭikujjitvā antarāpaṇaṃ paṭipajjeyyuṃ. Tam enaṃ jano disvā evaṃ vadeyya: ‘ambho, kim ev’idaṃ harīyati jaññajaññaṃ viyā’ ti? Tam enaṃ uṭṭhahitvā apāpuritvā olokeyya. Tassa saha dassanena manāpatā ca saṇṭhaheyya, appāṭikulyatā ca saṇṭhaheyya, ajegucchatā ca saṇṭhaheyya; suhitānam pi bhottukamyatā assa, pageva jighacchitānaṃ.

「朋友！若见闻任何比丘舍弃这些恶、不善、欲行，即便他是村边住者、应请者、持居士衣者，同梵行者也要恭敬、尊重、尊敬、供养他。其因为何？因为见闻其舍弃恶、不善、欲行。」

Evam eva kho, āvuso, yassa kassaci bhikkhuno ime pāpakā akusalā icchāvacarā pahīnā dissanti c’eva sūyanti ca, kiñcāpi so hoti gāmantavihārī nemantaniko gahapaticīvaradharo, atha kho naṃ sabrahmacārī sakkaronti garuṃ karonti mānenti pūjenti. Taṃ kissa hetu? Te hi tassa āyasmato pāpakā akusalā icchāvacarā pahīnā dissanti c’eva sūyanti cā” ti.

63

如是说已，尊者大目犍连对尊者舍利弗说：「朋友舍利弗！我想到一个譬喻。」

Evaṃ vutte, āyasmā Mahāmoggallāno āyasmantaṃ Sāriputtaṃ etad avoca: “upamā maṃ, āvuso Sāriputta, paṭibhātī” ti.

「朋友目犍连，请讲！」

“Paṭibhātu taṃ, āvuso Moggallānā” ti.

「朋友！一次，我住在王舍城的山谷。朋友！我在上午着好下衣，持衣钵入王舍城乞食。尔时，车匠子 Samīti 在斫轮，活命者、前车匠子 Paṇḍuputta 起如是心念『哦！若这车匠子 Samīti 斫去此轮的弯、曲、残处，则此轮即无有弯、曲、残处，纯为心材』。朋友！正如活命者、前车匠子 Paṇḍuputta 心之所念，车匠子 Samīti 斫去此轮的弯、曲、残处。朋友！满意的活命者、前车匠子 Paṇḍuputta 说出满意的话『我想，他了知我的心已而斫』。

“Ekam idāhaṃ, āvuso, samayaṃ Rājagahe viharāmi Giribbaje. Atha khvāhaṃ, āvuso, pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaram ādāya Rājagahaṃ piṇḍāya pāvisiṃ. Tena kho pana samayena Samīti yānakāraputto rathassa nemiṃ tacchati. Tam enaṃ Paṇḍuputto ājīvako purāṇayānakāraputto paccupaṭṭhito hoti. Atha kho, āvuso, Paṇḍuputtassa ājīvakassa purāṇayānakāraputtassa evaṃ cetaso parivitakko udapādi: ‘aho vatāyaṃ Samīti yānakāraputto imissā nemiyā imañ ca vaṅkaṃ imañ ca jimhaṃ imañ ca dosaṃ taccheyya, evāyaṃ nemi apagatavaṅkā apagatajimhā apagatadosā suddhā assa sāre patiṭṭhitā’ ti. Yathā yathā kho, āvuso, Paṇḍuputtassa ājīvakassa purāṇayānakāraputtassa cetaso parivitakko hoti tathā tathā Samīti yānakāraputto tassā nemiyā tañ ca vaṅkaṃ tañ ca jimhaṃ tañ ca dosaṃ tacchati. Atha kho, āvuso, Paṇḍuputto ājīvako purāṇayānakāraputto attamano attamanavācaṃ nicchāresi: ‘hadayā hadayaṃ maññe aññāya tacchatī’ ti.

「如是，朋友！若有人无信、为了活命，不因信而从家出家，狡诈、诳幻、欺骗、掉举、㤭慢、动摇、饶舌、散乱语，不护诸根，饮食不知量，不事醒觉，不好沙门法，不尊重学处，奢侈、怠慢，趋向堕落，疏于远离，懈怠、少精进、失念、不正知、不等持、心散乱、恶慧、聋哑，尊者舍利弗了知他们的心已，我想，以此法门矫正他们。

Evam eva kho, āvuso, ye te puggalā assaddhā, jīvikatthā na saddhā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajitā, saṭhā māyāvino ketabino uddhatā unnaḷā capalā mukharā vikiṇṇavācā, indriyesu aguttadvārā, bhojane amattaññuno, jāgariyaṃ ananuyuttā, sāmaññe anapekkhavanto, sikkhāya na tibbagāravā, bāhulikā sāthalikā, okkamane pubbaṅgamā, paviveke nikkhittadhurā, kusītā hīnavīriyā muṭṭhassatī asampajānā asamāhitā vibbhantacittā duppaññā eḷamūgā, tesaṃ āyasmā Sāriputto iminā dhammapariyāyena hadayā hadayaṃ maññe aññāya tacchati.

「若有族姓子因信而从家出家，不狡诈、不诳幻、不欺骗、不掉举、不㤭慢、不动摇、不饶舌、不散乱语，守护诸根，饮食知量，常事醒觉，好沙门法，尊重学处，不奢侈、不怠慢，放弃堕落，趋向远离，精进、专精、住念、正知、等持、心一境性、具慧、不聋哑，他们听闻尊者舍利弗此法门已，我想，以言以意饮之食之『朋友，善哉！使同梵行者离于不善而入于善』。

Ye pana te kulaputtā saddhā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajitā, asaṭhā amāyāvino aketabino anuddhatā anunnaḷā acapalā amukharā avikiṇṇavācā, indriyesu guttadvārā, bhojane mattaññuno, jāgariyaṃ anuyuttā, sāmaññe apekkhavanto, sikkhāya tibbagāravā, na bāhulikā na sāthalikā, okkamane nikkhittadhurā, paviveke pubbaṅgamā, āraddhavīriyā pahitattā upaṭṭhitassatī sampajānā samāhitā ekaggacittā paññavanto aneḷamūgā, te āyasmato Sāriputtassa imaṃ dhammapariyāyaṃ sutvā pivanti maññe, ghasanti maññe vacasā c’eva manasā ca: ‘sādhu vata, bho, sabrahmacārī akusalā vuṭṭhāpetvā kusale patiṭṭhāpetī’ ti.

「朋友！譬如，或女子、或男子，年少青春，性好庄严，沐头已，在得到青莲花鬘、茉莉花鬘、善思花鬘后，会以双手执持安放在头上，如是，朋友！若有族姓子因信而从家出家，不狡诈、不诳幻、不欺骗、不掉举、不㤭慢、不动摇、不饶舌、不散乱语，守护诸根，饮食知量，常事醒觉，好沙门法，尊重学处，不奢侈、不怠慢，放弃堕落，趋向远离，精进、专精、住念、正知、等持、心一境性、具慧、不聋哑，他们听闻尊者舍利弗此法门已，我想，以言以意饮之食之『朋友，善哉！使同梵行者离于不善而入于善』。」

Seyyathāpi, āvuso, itthī vā puriso vā daharo yuvā maṇḍanakajātiko sīsaṃnhāto uppalamālaṃ vā vassikamālaṃ vā atimuttakamālaṃ vā labhitvā ubhohi hatthehi paṭiggahetvā uttamaṅge sirasmiṃ patiṭṭhapeyya; evam eva kho, āvuso, ye te kulaputtā saddhā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajitā, asaṭhā amāyāvino aketabino anuddhatā anunnaḷā acapalā amukharā avikiṇṇavācā, indriyesu guttadvārā, bhojane mattaññuno, jāgariyaṃ anuyuttā, sāmaññe apekkhavanto, sikkhāya tibbagāravā, na bāhulikā na sāthalikā, okkamane nikkhittadhurā, paviveke pubbaṅgamā, āraddhavīriyā pahitattā upaṭṭhitassatī sampajānā samāhitā ekaggacittā paññavanto aneḷamūgā, te āyasmato Sāriputtassa imaṃ dhammapariyāyaṃ sutvā pivanti maññe, ghasanti maññe vacasā c’eva manasā ca: ‘sādhu vata, bho, sabrahmacārī akusalā vuṭṭhāpetvā kusale patiṭṭhāpetī’” ti.

如此，两大龙象随喜于彼此之善说。

Itiha te ubho mahānāgā aññamaññassa subhāsitaṃ samanumodiṃsū ti.