八城经

Aṭṭhakanāgara Sutta ^↗

Evaṃ me sutaṃ— ekaṃ samayaṃ āyasmā Ānando Vesāliyaṃ viharati beluvagāmake.

Tena kho pana samayena dasamo gahapati aṭṭhakanāgaro pāṭaliputtaṃ anuppatto hoti kenacideva karaṇīyena. Atha kho dasamo gahapati aṭṭhakanāgaro yena kukkuṭārāmo yena aññataro bhikkhu ten’upasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā taṃ bhikkhuṃ abhivādetvā ekam antaṃ nisīdi. Ekam antaṃ nisinno kho dasamo gahapati aṭṭhakanāgaro taṃ bhikkhuṃ etad avoca: “kahaṃ nu kho, bhante, āyasmā Ānando etarahi viharati? Dassanakāmā hi mayaṃ taṃ āyasmantaṃ ānandan” ti.

“Eso, gahapati, āyasmā Ānando Vesāliyaṃ viharati beluvagāmake” ti.

Atha kho dasamo gahapati aṭṭhakanāgaro pāṭaliputte taṃ karaṇīyaṃ tīretvā yena vesālī yena beluvagāmako yenāyasmā Ānando ten’upasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ abhivādetvā ekam antaṃ nisīdi. Ekam antaṃ nisinno kho dasamo gahapati aṭṭhakanāgaro āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ etad avoca:

“atthi nu kho, bhante Ānanda, tena Bhagavatā jānatā passatā Arahatā Sammāsambuddhena ekadhammo akkhāto yattha bhikkhuno appamattassa ātāpino pahitattassa viharato avimuttañ c’eva cittaṃ vimuccati, aparikkhīṇā ca āsavā parikkhayaṃ gacchanti, ananuppattañ ca anuttaraṃ yogakkhemaṃ anupāpuṇātī” ti?

“Atthi kho, gahapati, tena Bhagavatā jānatā passatā Arahatā Sammāsambuddhena ekadhammo akkhāto, yattha bhikkhuno appamattassa ātāpino pahitattassa viharato avimuttañ c’eva cittaṃ vimuccati, aparikkhīṇā ca āsavā parikkhayaṃ gacchanti, ananuppattañ ca anuttaraṃ yogakkhemaṃ anupāpuṇātī” ti.

“Katamo pana, bhante Ānanda, tena Bhagavatā jānatā passatā Arahatā Sammāsambuddhena ekadhammo akkhāto, yattha bhikkhuno appamattassa ātāpino pahitattassa viharato avimuttañ c’eva cittaṃ vimuccati, aparikkhīṇā ca āsavā parikkhayaṃ gacchanti, ananuppattañ ca anuttaraṃ yogakkhemaṃ anupāpuṇātī” ti?

“Idha, gahapati, bhikkhu vivicc’eva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaṃ savicāraṃ vivekajaṃ pītisukhaṃ paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. So iti paṭisañcikkhati: ‘idampi kho paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ abhisaṅkhataṃ abhisañcetayitaṃ. Yaṃ kho pana kiñci abhisaṅkhataṃ abhisañcetayitaṃ tadaniccaṃ nirodhadhamman’ ti pajānāti. So tattha ṭhito āsavānaṃ khayaṃ pāpuṇāti. No ce āsavānaṃ khayaṃ pāpuṇāti, ten’eva dhammarāgena tāya dhammanandiyā pañcannaṃ orambhāgiyānaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ parikkhayā opapātiko hoti tattha parinibbāyī anāvattidhammo tasmā lokā. Ayam pi kho, gahapati, tena Bhagavatā jānatā passatā Arahatā Sammāsambuddhena ekadhammo akkhāto, yattha bhikkhuno appamattassa ātāpino pahitattassa viharato avimuttañ c’eva cittaṃ vimuccati, aparikkhīṇā ca āsavā parikkhayaṃ gacchanti, ananuppattañ ca anuttaraṃ yogakkhemaṃ anupāpuṇāti.

Puna c’aparaṃ, gahapati, bhikkhu vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā ajjhattaṃ sampasādanaṃ …pe… dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. So iti paṭisañcikkhati: ‘idampi kho dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ abhisaṅkhataṃ abhisañcetayitaṃ …pe… anuttaraṃ yogakkhemaṃ anupāpuṇāti. Puna c’aparaṃ, gahapati, bhikkhu pītiyā ca virāgā …pe… tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. So iti paṭisañcikkhati: ‘idampi kho tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ abhisaṅkhataṃ abhisañcetayitaṃ …pe… anuttaraṃ yogakkhemaṃ anupāpuṇāti. Puna c’aparaṃ, gahapati, bhikkhu sukhassa ca pahānā …pe… catutthaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. So iti paṭisañcikkhati: ‘idampi kho catutthaṃ jhānaṃ abhisaṅkhataṃ abhisañcetayitaṃ …pe… anuttaraṃ yogakkhemaṃ anupāpuṇāti.

Puna c’aparaṃ, gahapati, bhikkhu mettāsahagatena cetasā ekaṃ disaṃ pharitvā viharati, tathā dutiyaṃ, tathā tatiyaṃ, tathā catutthaṃ. Iti uddhamadho tiriyaṃ sabbadhi sabbattatāya sabbāvantaṃ lokaṃ mettāsahagatena cetasā vipulena mahaggatena appamāṇena averena abyābajjhena pharitvā viharati. So iti paṭisañcikkhati: ‘ayam pi kho mettācetovimutti abhisaṅkhatā abhisañcetayitā. Yaṃ kho pana kiñci abhisaṅkhataṃ abhisañcetayitaṃ tadaniccaṃ nirodhadhamman’ ti pajānāti. So tattha ṭhito …pe… anuttaraṃ yogakkhemaṃ anupāpuṇāti.

Puna c’aparaṃ, gahapati, bhikkhu karuṇāsahagatena cetasā …pe… muditāsahagatena cetasā …pe… upekkhāsahagatena cetasā ekaṃ disaṃ pharitvā viharati, tathā dutiyaṃ, tathā tatiyaṃ, tathā catutthaṃ. Iti uddhamadho tiriyaṃ sabbadhi sabbattatāya sabbāvantaṃ lokaṃ upekkhāsahagatena cetasā vipulena mahaggatena appamāṇena averena abyābajjhena pharitvā viharati. So iti paṭisañcikkhati: ‘ayam pi kho upekkhācetovimutti abhisaṅkhatā abhisañcetayitā. Yaṃ kho pana kiñci abhisaṅkhataṃ abhisañcetayitaṃ tadaniccaṃ nirodhadhamman’ ti pajānāti. So tattha ṭhito …pe… anuttaraṃ yogakkhemaṃ anupāpuṇāti.

Puna c’aparaṃ, gahapati, bhikkhu sabbaso rūpasaññānaṃ samatikkamā paṭighasaññānaṃ atthaṅgamā nānattasaññānaṃ amanasikārā ‘ananto ākāso’ ti ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati. So iti paṭisañcikkhati: ‘ayam pi kho ākāsānañcāyatanasamāpatti abhisaṅkhatā abhisañcetayitā. Yaṃ kho pana kiñci abhisaṅkhataṃ abhisañcetayitaṃ tadaniccaṃ nirodhadhamman’ ti pajānāti. So tattha ṭhito …pe… anuttaraṃ yogakkhemaṃ anupāpuṇāti.

Puna c’aparaṃ, gahapati, bhikkhu sabbaso ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ samatikkamma ‘anantaṃ viññāṇan’ ti viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati. So iti paṭisañcikkhati: ‘ayam pi kho viññāṇañcāyatanasamāpatti abhisaṅkhatā abhisañcetayitā. Yaṃ kho pana kiñci abhisaṅkhataṃ abhisañcetayitaṃ tadaniccaṃ nirodhadhamman’ ti pajānāti. So tattha ṭhito …pe… anuttaraṃ yogakkhemaṃ anupāpuṇāti.

Puna c’aparaṃ, gahapati, bhikkhu sabbaso viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ samatikkamma ‘natthi kiñcī’ ti ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati. So iti paṭisañcikkhati: ‘ayam pi kho ākiñcaññāyatanasamāpatti abhisaṅkhatā abhisañcetayitā. Yaṃ kho pana kiñci abhisaṅkhataṃ abhisañcetayitaṃ tadaniccaṃ nirodhadhamman’ ti pajānāti. So tattha ṭhito āsavānaṃ khayaṃ pāpuṇāti. No ce āsavānaṃ khayaṃ pāpuṇāti, ten’eva dhammarāgena tāya dhammanandiyā pañcannaṃ orambhāgiyānaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ parikkhayā opapātiko hoti tattha parinibbāyī anāvattidhammo tasmā lokā. Ayam pi kho, gahapati, tena Bhagavatā jānatā passatā Arahatā Sammāsambuddhena ekadhammo akkhāto yattha bhikkhuno appamattassa ātāpino pahitattassa viharato avimuttañ c’eva cittaṃ vimuccati, aparikkhīṇā ca āsavā parikkhayaṃ gacchanti, ananuppattañ ca anuttaraṃ yogakkhemaṃ anupāpuṇātī” ti.

Evaṃ vutte, dasamo gahapati aṭṭhakanāgaro āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ etad avoca: “seyyathāpi, bhante Ānanda, puriso ekaṃva nidhimukhaṃ gavesanto sakid eva ekādasa nidhimukhāni adhigaccheyya; evam eva kho ahaṃ, bhante, ekaṃ amatadvāraṃ gavesanto sakid eva ekādasa amatadvārāni alatthaṃ bhāvanāya. Seyyathāpi, bhante, purisassa agāraṃ ekādasadvāraṃ, so tasmiṃ agāre āditte ekamekenapi dvārena sakkuṇeyya attānaṃ sotthiṃ kātuṃ; evam eva kho ahaṃ, bhante, imesaṃ ekādasannaṃ amatadvārānaṃ ekamekenapi amatadvārena sakkuṇissāmi attānaṃ sotthiṃ kātuṃ. Imehi nāma, bhante, aññatitthiyā ācariyassa ācariyadhanaṃ pariyesissanti, kimaṅgaṃ panāhaṃ āyasmato ānandassa pūjaṃ na karissāmī” ti.

Atha kho dasamo gahapati aṭṭhakanāgaro pāṭaliputtakañca vesālikañca bhikkhusaṅghaṃ sannipātetvā paṇītena khādanīyena bhojanīyena sahatthā santappesi sampavāresi, ekamekañca bhikkhuṃ paccekaṃ dussayugena acchādesi, āyasmantañ ca ānandaṃ ticīvarena acchādesi, āyasmato ca ānandassa pañcasatavihāraṃ kārāpesīti.