无诤分别经

Araṇavibhaṅga Sutta ^↗

Evaṃ me sutaṃ— ekaṃ samayaṃ Bhagavā Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati Jetavane Anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tatra kho Bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi: “bhikkhavo” ti.

“Bhadante” ti te bhikkhū Bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etad avoca:

“araṇavibhaṅgaṃ vo, bhikkhave, desessāmi. Taṃ suṇātha, sādhukaṃ manasi karotha, bhāsissāmī” ti.

“Evaṃ, bhante” ti kho te bhikkhū Bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etad avoca:

“Na kāmasukhamanuyuñjeyya hīnaṃ gammaṃ pothujjanikaṃ anariyaṃ anatthasaṃhitaṃ, na ca attakilamathānuyogamanuyuñjeyya dukkhaṃ anariyaṃ anatthasaṃhitaṃ. Ete kho, bhikkhave, ubho ante anupagamma majjhimā paṭipadā Tathāgatena abhisambuddhā, cakkhukaraṇī ñāṇakaraṇī upasamāya abhiññāya sambodhāya nibbānāya saṃvattati. Ussādanañca jaññā, apasādanañca jaññā; ussādanañca ñatvā apasādanañca ñatvā nevussādeyya, na apasādeyya, dhammam eva deseyya. Sukhavinicchayaṃ jaññā; sukhavinicchayaṃ ñatvā ajjhattaṃ sukhamanuyuñjeyya. Rahovādaṃ na bhāseyya, sammukhā na khīṇaṃ bhaṇe. Ataramānova bhāseyya, no taramāno. Janapadaniruttiṃ nābhiniveseyya, samaññaṃ nātidhāveyyāti—ayamuddeso araṇavibhaṅgassa.

‘Na kāmasukhamanuyuñjeyya hīnaṃ gammaṃ pothujjanikaṃ anariyaṃ anatthasaṃhitaṃ, na ca attakilamathānuyogamanuyuñjeyya dukkhaṃ anariyaṃ anatthasaṃhitan’ ti—iti kho pan’etaṃ vuttaṃ; Kiñcetaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ? Yo kāmapaṭisandhisukhino somanassānuyogo hīno gammo pothujjaniko anariyo anatthasaṃhito, sadukkho eso dhammo saupaghāto saupāyāso sapariḷāho; micchāpaṭipadā. Yo kāmapaṭisandhisukhino somanassānuyogaṃ ananuyogo hīnaṃ gammaṃ pothujjanikaṃ anariyaṃ anatthasaṃhitaṃ, adukkho eso dhammo anupaghāto anupāyāso apariḷāho; sammāpaṭipadā. Yo attakilamathānuyogo dukkho anariyo anatthasaṃhito, sadukkho eso dhammo saupaghāto saupāyāso sapariḷāho; micchāpaṭipadā. Yo attakilamathānuyogaṃ ananuyogo dukkhaṃ anariyaṃ anatthasaṃhitaṃ, adukkho eso dhammo anupaghāto anupāyāso apariḷāho; sammāpaṭipadā. ‘Na kāmasukhamanuyuñjeyya hīnaṃ gammaṃ pothujjanikaṃ anariyaṃ anatthasaṃhitaṃ, na ca attakilamathānuyogaṃ anuyuñjeyya dukkhaṃ anariyaṃ anatthasaṃhitan’ ti—iti yaṃ taṃ vuttaṃ idam etaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ.

‘Ete kho ubho ante anupagamma majjhimā paṭipadā Tathāgatena abhisambuddhā, cakkhukaraṇī ñāṇakaraṇī upasamāya abhiññāya sambodhāya nibbānāya saṃvattatī’ ti—iti kho pan’etaṃ vuttaṃ. Kiñcetaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ? Ayam eva ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo, seyyathidaṃ—sammādiṭṭhi, sammāsaṅkappo, sammāvācā, sammākammanto, sammāājīvo, sammāvāyāmo, sammāsati, sammāsamādhi. ‘Ete kho ubho ante anupagamma majjhimā paṭipadā Tathāgatena abhisambuddhā, cakkhukaraṇī ñāṇakaraṇī upasamāya abhiññāya sambodhāya nibbānāya saṃvattatī’ ti—iti yaṃ taṃ vuttaṃ, idam etaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ.

‘Ussādanañca jaññā, apasādanañca jaññā; ussādanañca ñatvā apasādanañca ñatvā nevussādeyya, na apasādeyya, dhammam eva deseyyā’ ti—iti kho pan’etaṃ vuttaṃ. Kiñcetaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ?

Kathañ ca, bhikkhave, ussādanā ca hoti apasādanā ca, no ca dhammadesanā? ‘Ye kāmapaṭisandhisukhino somanassānuyogaṃ anuyuttā hīnaṃ gammaṃ pothujjanikaṃ anariyaṃ anatthasaṃhitaṃ, sabbe te sadukkhā saupaghātā saupāyāsā sapariḷāhā micchāpaṭipannā’ ti—iti vadaṃ ittheke apasādeti.

‘Ye kāmapaṭisandhisukhino somanassānuyogaṃ ananuyuttā hīnaṃ gammaṃ pothujjanikaṃ anariyaṃ anatthasaṃhitaṃ, sabbe te adukkhā anupaghātā anupāyāsā apariḷāhā sammāpaṭipannā’ ti—iti vadaṃ ittheke ussādeti.

‘Ye attakilamathānuyogaṃ anuyuttā dukkhaṃ anariyaṃ anatthasaṃhitaṃ, sabbe te sadukkhā saupaghātā saupāyāsā sapariḷāhā micchāpaṭipannā’ ti—iti vadaṃ ittheke apasādeti.

‘Ye attakilamathānuyogaṃ ananuyuttā dukkhaṃ anariyaṃ anatthasaṃhitaṃ, sabbe te adukkhā anupaghātā anupāyāsā apariḷāhā sammāpaṭipannā’ ti—iti vadaṃ ittheke ussādeti.

‘Yesaṃ kesañci bhavasaṃyojanaṃ appahīnaṃ, sabbe te sadukkhā saupaghātā saupāyāsā sapariḷāhā micchāpaṭipannā’ ti—iti vadaṃ ittheke apasādeti.

‘Yesaṃ kesañci bhavasaṃyojanaṃ pahīnaṃ, sabbe te adukkhā anupaghātā anupāyāsā apariḷāhā sammāpaṭipannā’ ti—iti vadaṃ ittheke ussādeti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, ussādanā ca hoti apasādanā ca, no ca dhammadesanā.

Kathañ ca, bhikkhave, nevussādanā hoti na apasādanā, dhammadesanā ca? ‘Ye kāmapaṭisandhisukhino somanassānuyogaṃ anuyuttā hīnaṃ gammaṃ pothujjanikaṃ anariyaṃ anatthasaṃhitaṃ, sabbe te sadukkhā saupaghātā saupāyāsā sapariḷāhā micchāpaṭipannā’ ti—na evam āha. ‘Anuyogo ca kho sadukkho eso dhammo saupaghāto saupāyāso sapariḷāho; micchāpaṭipadā’ ti—iti vadaṃ dhammam eva deseti.

‘Ye kāmapaṭisandhisukhino somanassānuyogaṃ ananuyuttā hīnaṃ gammaṃ pothujjanikaṃ anariyaṃ anatthasaṃhitaṃ, sabbe te adukkhā anupaghātā anupāyāsā apariḷāhā sammāpaṭipannā’ ti—na evam āha. ‘Ananuyogo ca kho adukkho eso dhammo anupaghāto anupāyāso apariḷāho; sammāpaṭipadā’ ti—iti vadaṃ dhammam eva deseti.

‘Ye attakilamathānuyogaṃ anuyuttā dukkhaṃ anariyaṃ anatthasaṃhitaṃ, sabbe te sadukkhā saupaghātā saupāyāsā sapariḷāhā micchāpaṭipannā’ ti—na evam āha. ‘Anuyogo ca kho sadukkho eso dhammo saupaghāto saupāyāso sapariḷāho; micchāpaṭipadā’ ti—iti vadaṃ dhammam eva deseti.

‘Ye attakilamathānuyogaṃ ananuyuttā dukkhaṃ anariyaṃ anatthasaṃhitaṃ, sabbe te adukkhā anupaghātā anupāyāsā apariḷāhā sammāpaṭipannā’ ti—na evam āha. ‘Ananuyogo ca kho adukkho eso dhammo anupaghāto anupāyāso apariḷāho; sammāpaṭipadā’ ti—iti vadaṃ dhammam eva deseti.

‘Yesaṃ kesañci bhavasaṃyojanaṃ appahīnaṃ, sabbe te sadukkhā saupaghātā saupāyāsā sapariḷāhā micchāpaṭipannā’ ti—na evam āha. ‘Bhavasaṃyojane ca kho appahīne bhavopi appahīno hotī’ ti—iti vadaṃ dhammam eva deseti.

‘Yesaṃ kesañci bhavasaṃyojanaṃ pahīnaṃ, sabbe te adukkhā anupaghātā anupāyāsā apariḷāhā sammāpaṭipannā’ ti—na evam āha. ‘Bhavasaṃyojane ca kho pahīne bhavopi pahīno hotī’ ti—iti vadaṃ dhammam eva deseti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, nevussādanā hoti na apasādanā, dhammadesanā ca. ‘Ussādanañca jaññā, apasādanañca jaññā; ussādanañca ñatvā apasādanañca ñatvā nevussādeyya, na apasādeyya, dhammam eva deseyyā’ ti—iti yaṃ taṃ vuttaṃ idam etaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ.

‘Sukhavinicchayaṃ jaññā; sukhavinicchayaṃ ñatvā ajjhattaṃ sukhamanuyuñjeyyā’ ti—iti kho pan’etaṃ vuttaṃ. Kiñcetaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ? Pañc’ime, bhikkhave, kāmaguṇā. Katame pañca? Cakkhuviññeyyā rūpā iṭṭhā kantā manāpā piyarūpā kāmūpasaṃhitā rajanīyā, sotaviññeyyā saddā … ghānaviññeyyā gandhā … jivhāviññeyyā rasā … kāyaviññeyyā phoṭṭhabbā iṭṭhā kantā manāpā piyarūpā kāmūpasaṃhitā rajanīyā—ime kho, bhikkhave, pañca kāmaguṇā. Yaṃ kho, bhikkhave, ime pañca kāmaguṇe paṭicca uppajjati sukhaṃ somanassaṃ idaṃ vuccati kāmasukhaṃ mīḷhasukhaṃ puthujjanasukhaṃ anariyasukhaṃ. ‘Na āsevitabbaṃ, na bhāvetabbaṃ, na bahulīkātabbaṃ, bhāyitabbaṃ etassa sukhassā’ ti—vadāmi. Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu vivicc’eva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaṃ savicāraṃ vivekajaṃ pītisukhaṃ paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā ajjhattaṃ sampasādanaṃ cetaso ekodibhāvaṃ avitakkaṃ avicāraṃ samādhijaṃ pītisukhaṃ dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Pītiyā ca virāgā upekkhako ca viharati …pe… tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ …pe… catutthaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Idaṃ vuccati nekkhammasukhaṃ pavivekasukhaṃ upasamasukhaṃ sambodhisukhaṃ. ‘Āsevitabbaṃ, bhāvetabbaṃ, bahulīkātabbaṃ, na bhāyitabbaṃ etassa sukhassā’ ti—vadāmi. ‘Sukhavinicchayaṃ jaññā; sukhavinicchayaṃ ñatvā ajjhattaṃ sukhamanuyuñjeyyā’ ti—iti yaṃ taṃ vuttaṃ idam etaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ.

‘Rahovādaṃ na bhāseyya, sammukhā na khīṇaṃ bhaṇe’ ti—iti kho pan’etaṃ vuttaṃ. Kiñcetaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ? Tatra, bhikkhave, yaṃ jaññā rahovādaṃ abhūtaṃ atacchaṃ anatthasaṃhitaṃ sasakkaṃ taṃ rahovādaṃ na bhāseyya. Yampi jaññā rahovādaṃ bhūtaṃ tacchaṃ anatthasaṃhitaṃ tassa pi sikkheyya avacanāya. Yañca kho jaññā rahovādaṃ bhūtaṃ tacchaṃ atthasaṃhitaṃ tatra kālaññū assa tassa rahovādassa vacanāya. Tatra, bhikkhave, yaṃ jaññā sammukhā khīṇavādaṃ abhūtaṃ atacchaṃ anatthasaṃhitaṃ sasakkaṃ taṃ sammukhā khīṇavādaṃ na bhāseyya. Yampi jaññā sammukhā khīṇavādaṃ bhūtaṃ tacchaṃ anatthasaṃhitaṃ tassa pi sikkheyya avacanāya. Yañca kho jaññā sammukhā khīṇavādaṃ bhūtaṃ tacchaṃ atthasaṃhitaṃ tatra kālaññū assa tassa sammukhā khīṇavādassa vacanāya. ‘Rahovādaṃ na bhāseyya, sammukhā na khīṇaṃ bhaṇe’ ti—iti yaṃ taṃ vuttaṃ, idam etaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ.

‘Ataramānova bhāseyya no taramāno’ ti—iti kho pan’etaṃ vuttaṃ. Kiñcetaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ? Tatra, bhikkhave, taramānassa bhāsato kāyopi kilamati, cittam pi upahaññati, saropi upahaññati, kaṇṭhopi āturīyati, avisaṭṭhampi hoti aviññeyyaṃ taramānassa bhāsitaṃ. Tatra, bhikkhave, ataramānassa bhāsato kāyopi na kilamati, cittam pi na upahaññati, saropi na upahaññati, kaṇṭhopi na āturīyati, visaṭṭhampi hoti viññeyyaṃ ataramānassa bhāsitaṃ. ‘Ataramānova bhāseyya, no taramāno’ ti—iti yaṃ taṃ vuttaṃ, idam etaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ.

‘Janapadaniruttiṃ nābhiniveseyya, samaññaṃ nātidhāveyyā’ ti—iti kho pan’etaṃ vuttaṃ. Kiñcetaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ? Kathañ ca, bhikkhave, janapadaniruttiyā ca abhiniveso hoti samaññāya ca atisāro? Idha, bhikkhave, tadevekaccesu janapadesu ‘pātī’ ti sañjānanti, ‘pattan’ ti sañjānanti, ‘vittan’ ti sañjānanti, ‘sarāvan’ ti sañjānanti ‘dhāropan’ ti sañjānanti, ‘poṇan’ ti sañjānanti, ‘pisīlavan’ ti sañjānanti. Iti yathā yathā naṃ tesu tesu janapadesu sañjānanti tathā tathā thāmasā parāmāsā abhinivissa voharati: ‘idameva saccaṃ, moghamaññan’ ti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, janapadaniruttiyā ca abhiniveso hoti samaññāya ca atisāro.

Kathañ ca, bhikkhave, janapadaniruttiyā ca anabhiniveso hoti samaññāya ca anatisāro? Idha, bhikkhave, tadevekaccesu janapadesu ‘pātī’ ti sañjānanti, ‘pattan’ ti sañjānanti, ‘vittan’ ti sañjānanti, ‘sarāvan’ ti sañjānanti, ‘dhāropan’ ti sañjānanti, ‘poṇan’ ti sañjānanti, ‘pisīlavan’ ti sañjānanti. Iti yathā yathā naṃ tesu tesu janapadesu sañjānanti ‘idaṃ kira me āyasmanto sandhāya voharantī’ ti tathā tathā voharati aparāmasaṃ. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, janapadaniruttiyā ca anabhiniveso hoti, samaññāya ca anatisāro. ‘Janapadaniruttiṃ nābhiniveseyya samaññaṃ nātidhāveyyā’ ti—iti yaṃ taṃ vuttaṃ, idam etaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ.

Tatra, bhikkhave, yo kāmapaṭisandhisukhino somanassānuyogo hīno gammo pothujjaniko anariyo anatthasaṃhito, sadukkho eso dhammo saupaghāto saupāyāso sapariḷāho; micchāpaṭipadā. Tasmā eso dhammo saraṇo. Tatra, bhikkhave, yo kāmapaṭisandhisukhino somanassānuyogaṃ ananuyogo hīnaṃ gammaṃ pothujjanikaṃ anariyaṃ anatthasaṃhitaṃ, adukkho eso dhammo anupaghāto anupāyāso apariḷāho; sammāpaṭipadā. Tasmā eso dhammo araṇo.

Tatra, bhikkhave, yo attakilamathānuyogo dukkho anariyo anatthasaṃhito, sadukkho eso dhammo saupaghāto saupāyāso sapariḷāho; micchāpaṭipadā. Tasmā eso dhammo saraṇo. Tatra, bhikkhave, yo attakilamathānuyogaṃ ananuyogo dukkhaṃ anariyaṃ anatthasaṃhitaṃ, adukkho eso dhammo anupaghāto anupāyāso apariḷāho; sammāpaṭipadā. Tasmā eso dhammo araṇo.

Tatra, bhikkhave, yāyaṃ majjhimā paṭipadā Tathāgatena abhisambuddhā, cakkhukaraṇī ñāṇakaraṇī upasamāya abhiññāya sambodhāya nibbānāya saṃvattati, adukkho eso dhammo anupaghāto anupāyāso apariḷāho; sammāpaṭipadā. Tasmā eso dhammo araṇo.

Tatra, bhikkhave, yāyaṃ ussādanā ca apasādanā ca no ca dhammadesanā, sadukkho eso dhammo saupaghāto saupāyāso sapariḷāho; micchāpaṭipadā. Tasmā eso dhammo saraṇo. Tatra, bhikkhave, yāyaṃ nevussādanā ca na apasādanā ca dhammadesanā ca, adukkho eso dhammo anupaghāto anupāyāso apariḷāho; sammāpaṭipadā. Tasmā eso dhammo araṇo.

Tatra, bhikkhave, yam idaṃ kāmasukhaṃ mīḷhasukhaṃ pothujjanasukhaṃ anariyasukhaṃ, sadukkho eso dhammo saupaghāto saupāyāso sapariḷāho; micchāpaṭipadā. Tasmā eso dhammo saraṇo. Tatra, bhikkhave, yam idaṃ nekkhammasukhaṃ pavivekasukhaṃ upasamasukhaṃ sambodhisukhaṃ, adukkho eso dhammo anupaghāto anupāyāso apariḷāho; sammāpaṭipadā. Tasmā eso dhammo araṇo.

Tatra, bhikkhave, yvāyaṃ rahovādo abhūto ataccho anatthasaṃhito, sadukkho eso dhammo saupaghāto saupāyāso sapariḷāho; micchāpaṭipadā. Tasmā eso dhammo saraṇo. Tatra, bhikkhave, yvāyaṃ rahovādo bhūto taccho anatthasaṃhito, sadukkho eso dhammo saupaghāto saupāyāso sapariḷāho; micchāpaṭipadā. Tasmā eso dhammo saraṇo. Tatra, bhikkhave, yvāyaṃ rahovādo bhūto taccho atthasaṃhito, adukkho eso dhammo anupaghāto anupāyāso apariḷāho; sammāpaṭipadā. Tasmā eso dhammo araṇo.

Tatra, bhikkhave, yvāyaṃ sammukhā khīṇavādo abhūto ataccho anatthasaṃhito, sadukkho eso dhammo saupaghāto saupāyāso sapariḷāho; micchāpaṭipadā. Tasmā eso dhammo saraṇo. Tatra, bhikkhave, yvāyaṃ sammukhā khīṇavādo bhūto taccho anatthasaṃhito, sadukkho eso dhammo saupaghāto saupāyāso sapariḷāho; micchāpaṭipadā. Tasmā eso dhammo saraṇo. Tatra, bhikkhave, yvāyaṃ sammukhā khīṇavādo bhūto taccho atthasaṃhito, adukkho eso dhammo anupaghāto anupāyāso apariḷāho; sammāpaṭipadā. Tasmā eso dhammo araṇo.

Tatra, bhikkhave, yam idaṃ taramānassa bhāsitaṃ, sadukkho eso dhammo saupaghāto saupāyāso sapariḷāho; micchāpaṭipadā. Tasmā eso dhammo saraṇo. Tatra, bhikkhave, yam idaṃ ataramānassa bhāsitaṃ, adukkho eso dhammo anupaghāto anupāyāso apariḷāho; sammāpaṭipadā. Tasmā eso dhammo araṇo.

Tatra, bhikkhave, yvāyaṃ janapadaniruttiyā ca abhiniveso samaññāya ca atisāro, sadukkho eso dhammo saupaghāto saupāyāso sapariḷāho; micchāpaṭipadā. Tasmā eso dhammo saraṇo. Tatra, bhikkhave, yvāyaṃ janapadaniruttiyā ca anabhiniveso samaññāya ca anatisāro, adukkho eso dhammo anupaghāto anupāyāso apariḷāho; sammāpaṭipadā. Tasmā eso dhammo araṇo.

Tasmāt iha, bhikkhave, ‘saraṇañca dhammaṃ jānissāma, araṇañca dhammaṃ jānissāma; saraṇañca dhammaṃ ñatvā araṇañca dhammaṃ ñatvā araṇapaṭipadaṃ paṭipajjissāmā’ ti evañ hi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabbaṃ.

Subhūti ca pana, bhikkhave, kulaputto araṇapaṭipadaṃ paṭipanno” ti.

Idam avoca Bhagavā. Attamanā te bhikkhū Bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinandun ti.