转法轮经

Dhammacakkappavattana Sutta ^↗

一时世尊住波罗奈仙人堕处鹿野苑。尔时，世尊告五比丘：

Ekaṃ samayaṃ Bhagavā Bārāṇasiyaṃ viharati Isipatane Migadāye. Tatra kho Bhagavā pañcavaggiye bhikkhū āmantesi:

「诸比丘！兹有二端，出家人不应从事。何为二者？若于诸爱欲享受欲乐，则卑下、粗俗、平庸、非圣、不具义利。若致力于自我折磨，则苦、非圣、不具义利。诸比丘！避开了此二端，有中间的行道为如来所现等觉，生眼、生智，导向寂止、证知、等觉、涅槃。

“Dve’me, bhikkhave, antā pabbajitena na sevitabbā. Katame dve? Yo cāyaṃ kāmesu kāmasukhallikānuyogo hīno gammo pothujjaniko anariyo anatthasaṃhito, yo cāyaṃ attakilamathānuyogo dukkho anariyo anatthasaṃhito. Ete kho, bhikkhave, ubho ante anupagamma majjhimā paṭipadā Tathāgatena abhisambuddhā cakkhukaraṇī ñāṇakaraṇī upasamāya abhiññāya sambodhāya nibbānāya saṃvattati.

「诸比丘！什么是那为如来所现等觉，生眼、生智，导向寂止、证知、等觉、涅槃的中间的行道？此即是八支圣道——正见、正思惟、正语、正业、正命、正精进、正念、正定。诸比丘！那就是为如来所现等觉，生眼、生智，导向寂止、证知、等觉、涅槃的中间的行道。

Katamā ca sā, bhikkhave, majjhimā paṭipadā Tathāgatena abhisambuddhā cakkhukaraṇī ñāṇakaraṇī upasamāya abhiññāya sambodhāya nibbānāya saṃvattati? Ayam eva ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo, seyyathidaṃ— sammādiṭṭhi sammāsaṅkappo sammāvācā sammākammanto sammāājīvo sammāvāyāmo sammāsati sammāsamādhi. Ayaṃ kho sā, bhikkhave, majjhimā paṭipadā Tathāgatena abhisambuddhā cakkhukaraṇī ñāṇakaraṇī upasamāya abhiññāya sambodhāya nibbānāya saṃvattati.

「诸比丘！此是苦圣谛——生是苦，老是苦，病是苦，死是苦，怨憎会是苦，爱别离是苦，求不得是苦，略说即五取蕴是苦。

Idaṃ kho pana, bhikkhave, dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ— jāti pi dukkhā, jarā pi dukkhā, byādhi pi dukkho, maraṇam pi dukkhaṃ, appiyehi sampayogo dukkho, piyehi vippayogo dukkho, yam p’icchaṃ na labhati tam pi dukkhaṃ— saṅkhittena pañcupādānakkhandhā dukkhā.

「诸比丘！此是苦集圣谛——此导致再有、与喜贪俱、彼彼乐著的渴爱，即欲爱、有爱、无有爱。

Idaṃ kho pana, bhikkhave, dukkhasamudayaṃ ariyasaccaṃ— yāyaṃ taṇhā ponobbhavikā nandirāgasahagatā tatratatrābhinandinī, seyyathidaṃ— kāmataṇhā, bhavataṇhā, vibhavataṇhā.

「诸比丘！此是苦灭圣谛——即此渴爱的无余离贪灭、舍、弃、解脱、无执。

Idaṃ kho pana, bhikkhave, dukkhanirodhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ— yo tassā yeva taṇhāya asesavirāganirodho cāgo paṭinissaggo mutti anālayo.

「诸比丘！此是苦灭道迹圣谛——即此八支圣道，即正见⋯⋯正定。

Idaṃ kho pana, bhikkhave, dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā ariyasaccaṃ— ayam eva ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo, seyyathidaṃ— sammādiṭṭhi …pe… sammāsamādhi.

「诸比丘！『此是苦圣谛』，我于先前未闻之法生起眼，生起智，生起慧，生起明，生起光。诸比丘！『此苦圣谛应遍知』，我于先前⋯⋯生起光。诸比丘！『此苦圣谛已遍知』，我于先前未闻之法生起眼，生起智，生起慧，生起明，生起光。

‘Idaṃ dukkhaṃ ariyasaccan’ ti me, bhikkhave, pubbe ananussutesu dhammesu cakkhuṃ udapādi, ñāṇaṃ udapādi, paññā udapādi, vijjā udapādi, āloko udapādi. ‘Taṃ kho pan’idaṃ dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ pariññeyyan’ ti me, bhikkhave, pubbe …pe… udapādi. ‘Taṃ kho pan’idaṃ dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ pariññātan’ ti me, bhikkhave, pubbe ananussutesu dhammesu cakkhuṃ udapādi, ñāṇaṃ udapādi, paññā udapādi, vijjā udapādi, āloko udapādi.

「诸比丘！『此是苦集圣谛』，我于先前未闻之法生起眼，生起智，生起慧，生起明，生起光。诸比丘！『此苦集圣谛应断』，我于先前⋯⋯生起光。诸比丘！『此苦集圣谛已断』，我于先前未闻之法生起眼，生起智，生起慧，生起明，生起光。

‘Idaṃ dukkhasamudayaṃ ariyasaccan’ ti me, bhikkhave, pubbe ananussutesu dhammesu cakkhuṃ udapādi, ñāṇaṃ udapādi, paññā udapādi, vijjā udapādi, āloko udapādi. ‘Taṃ kho pan’idaṃ dukkhasamudayaṃ ariyasaccaṃ pahātabban’ ti me, bhikkhave, pubbe …pe… udapādi. ‘Taṃ kho pan’idaṃ dukkhasamudayaṃ ariyasaccaṃ pahīnan’ ti me, bhikkhave, pubbe ananussutesu dhammesu cakkhuṃ udapādi, ñāṇaṃ udapādi, paññā udapādi, vijjā udapādi, āloko udapādi.

「诸比丘！『此是苦灭圣谛』，我于先前未闻之法生起眼，生起智，生起慧，生起明，生起光。诸比丘！『此苦灭圣谛应证』，我于先前⋯⋯生起光。诸比丘！『此苦灭圣谛已证』，我于先前未闻之法生起眼，生起智，生起慧，生起明，生起光。

‘Idaṃ dukkhanirodhaṃ ariyasaccan’ ti me, bhikkhave, pubbe ananussutesu dhammesu cakkhuṃ udapādi, ñāṇaṃ udapādi, paññā udapādi, vijjā udapādi, āloko udapādi. ‘Taṃ kho pan’idaṃ dukkhanirodhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ sacchikātabban’ ti me, bhikkhave, pubbe …pe… udapādi. ‘Taṃ kho pan’idaṃ dukkhanirodhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ sacchikatan’ ti me, bhikkhave, pubbe ananussutesu dhammesu cakkhuṃ udapādi, ñāṇaṃ udapādi, paññā udapādi, vijjā udapādi, āloko udapādi.

「诸比丘！『此是苦灭道迹圣谛』，我于先前未闻之法生起眼，生起智，生起慧，生起明，生起光。诸比丘！『此苦灭道迹圣谛应修』，我于先前⋯⋯生起光。诸比丘！『此苦灭道迹圣谛已修』，我于先前未闻之法生起眼，生起智，生起慧，生起明，生起光。

‘Idaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā ariyasaccan’ ti me, bhikkhave, pubbe ananussutesu dhammesu cakkhuṃ udapādi, ñāṇaṃ udapādi, paññā udapādi, vijjā udapādi, āloko udapādi. ‘Taṃ kho pan’idaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā ariyasaccaṃ bhāvetabban’ ti me, bhikkhave, pubbe …pe… udapādi. ‘Taṃ kho pan’idaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā ariyasaccaṃ bhāvitan’ ti me, bhikkhave, pubbe ananussutesu dhammesu cakkhuṃ udapādi, ñāṇaṃ udapādi, paññā udapādi, vijjā udapādi, āloko udapādi.

「诸比丘！若我于此四圣谛如是之三转十二行相不得极清净的如实知见，诸比丘！在此俱有天、魔、梵、沙门婆罗门、天人的人世间，我不得宣称『已现等觉无上正等正觉』。

Yāvakīvañ ca me, bhikkhave, imesu catūsu ariyasaccesu evaṃ tiparivaṭṭaṃ dvādasākāraṃ yathābhūtaṃ ñāṇadassanaṃ na suvisuddhaṃ ahosi, neva tāvāhaṃ, bhikkhave, sadevake loke samārake sabrahmake sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiyā pajāya sadevamanussāya ‘anuttaraṃ sammāsambodhiṃ abhisambuddho’ ti paccaññāsiṃ.

「诸比丘！因我于此四圣谛如是之三转十二行相已得极清净的如实知见，诸比丘！则在此俱有天、魔、梵、沙门婆罗门、天人的人世间，我得宣称『已现等觉无上正等正觉』。

Yato ca kho me, bhikkhave, imesu catūsu ariyasaccesu evaṃ tiparivaṭṭaṃ dvādasākāraṃ yathābhūtaṃ ñāṇadassanaṃ suvisuddhaṃ ahosi, athāhaṃ, bhikkhave, sadevake loke samārake sabrahmake sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiyā pajāya sadevamanussāya ‘anuttaraṃ sammāsambodhiṃ abhisambuddho’ ti paccaññāsiṃ.

「我生起智与见：『我的解脱不动摇，此是最后生，现在已无再有』。」

Ñāṇañ ca pana me dassanaṃ udapādi: ‘akuppā me vimutti, ayam antimā jāti, natthi dāni punabbhavo’” ti.

世尊说罢。五比丘心满意足，欢喜于世尊之所说。

Idam avoca Bhagavā. Attamanā pañcavaggiyā bhikkhū Bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinandun ti.

当宣示此解说时，尊者㤭陈如生起远尘离垢的法眼：「凡集起之法，彼一切皆是灭法。」

Imasmiñ ca pana veyyākaraṇasmiṃ bhaññamāne āyasmato Koṇḍaññassa virajaṃ vītamalaṃ dhammacakkhuṃ udapādi: “yaṃ kiñci samudayadhammaṃ sabbaṃ taṃ nirodhadhamman” ti.

且当世尊转法轮时，地居天举声唱言：「此由世尊于波罗奈仙人堕处鹿野苑中所转的无上法轮，不能为世间的沙门、婆罗门、天、魔、梵或任何人所倒转。」

Pavattite ca pana Bhagavatā dhammacakke bhummā devā saddam anussāvesuṃ: “etaṃ Bhagavatā Bārāṇasiyaṃ Isipatane Migadāye anuttaraṃ dhammacakkaṃ pavattitaṃ appaṭivattiyaṃ samaṇena vā brāhmaṇena vā devena vā mārena vā brahmunā vā kenaci vā lokasmin” ti.

听到地居天的唱言，四大王天举声唱言：「此由世尊于波罗奈仙人堕处鹿野苑中所转的无上法轮，不能为世间的沙门、婆罗门、天、魔、梵或任何人所倒转。」

Bhummānaṃ devānaṃ saddaṃ sutvā Cātumahārājikā devā saddam anussāvesuṃ: “etaṃ Bhagavatā Bārāṇasiyaṃ Isipatane Migadāye anuttaraṃ dhammacakkaṃ pavattitaṃ appaṭivattiyaṃ samaṇena vā brāhmaṇena vā devena vā mārena vā brahmunā vā kenaci vā lokasmin” ti.

听到四大王天的唱言，三十三天⋯⋯夜摩天⋯⋯兜率陀天⋯⋯化乐天⋯⋯他化自在天⋯⋯梵众天举声唱言：「此由世尊于波罗奈仙人堕处鹿野苑中所转的无上法轮，不能为世间的沙门、婆罗门、天、魔、梵或任何人所倒转。」

Cātumahārājikānaṃ devānaṃ saddaṃ sutvā Tāvatiṃsā devā …pe… Yāmā devā …pe… Tusitā devā …pe… Nimmānaratī devā …pe… Paranimmitavasavattī devā …pe… Brahmakāyikā devā saddam anussāvesuṃ: “etaṃ Bhagavatā Bārāṇasiyaṃ Isipatane Migadāye anuttaraṃ dhammacakkaṃ pavattitaṃ appaṭivattiyaṃ samaṇena vā brāhmaṇena vā devena vā mārena vā brahmunā vā kenaci vā lokasmin” ti.

如此，在那刹那、那顷刻、那瞬间，声音便上达梵界。此一万个世界震动、极震动、极动摇，无量广大的光显现于世，超越了诸天的威力。

Itiha tena khaṇena tena layena tena muhuttena yāva brahmalokā saddo abbhuggacchi. Ayañ ca dasasahassilokadhātu saṅkampi sampakampi sampavedhi, appamāṇo ca uḷāro obhāso loke pāturahosi atikkamma devānaṃ devānubhāvan ti.

尔时，世尊便感叹道：「你确实知道了，㤭陈如君！你确实知道了，㤭陈如君！」

Atha kho Bhagavā imaṃ udānaṃ udānesi: “aññāsi vata bho Koṇḍañño, aññāsi vata bho Koṇḍañño” ti.

如此，尊者㤭陈如便得名为「阿若㤭陈如」。

Iti h’idaṃ āyasmato Koṇḍaññassa “Aññāsikoṇḍañño” tv eva nāmaṃ ahosī ti.